Singathetha ngentliziyo yakho? Uyazi ukuba eli lungu lincinci lixabiseke kangakanani?

Ngaba wakha wacinga ngale njini incinci esebenza imini nobusuku ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho? Ewe, ndithetha ngentliziyo yakho. Ifana nenjini encinci enika ubomi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Ngoko ke, namhlanje, masithethe kancinci ngale nxalenye imangalisayo ebizwa ngokuba yintliziyo? Ngaba ukulungele ukuthatha olu hambo?

Yintoni intliziyo? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Intliziyo, ngokufutshane, sisitho esilingana nenqindi. Yimpompo ephambili epompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Kanye njengokuba ipompo yamanzi ipompa amanzi etankini, intliziyo ipompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Sisitho esiphambili senkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi. Sisitho esincinci kodwa esomeleleyo kakhulu, esenziwe zimisipha kunye nezinye izicubu.

Intliziyo yakho ineegumbi ezine eziphambili . Ezi zifana namagumbi amancinci. Igazi ligcinwa kula magumbi okwethutyana ngaphambi kokuba lihambe phambili. Intliziyo iqala ukubetha ngemigudu yombane. Njengombane omncinci. Ingqondo yakho kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo zilawula ukusebenza kwentliziyo.

Zithini izinto eziphambili ezenziwa yintliziyo? Kutheni oku kubaluleke kangaka?

Le ntliziyo incinci yenza okungaphezulu kunokuba ucinga. Jonga...

• Ukupompa igazi: Le yeyona nto iphambili. Lithwala igazi emzimbeni wonke. Eli gazi lilo elinika ioksijini kunye nezondlo kuyo yonke iseli emzimbeni wakho. Likwathwala i-carbon dioxide kunye neminye inkunkuma ephuma kwiiseli kwaye liyithumele kwamanye amalungu omzimba apho inokususwa khona.
• Ulawulo lwesantya sentliziyo: Intliziyo ngokwayo ilawula isantya kunye nesingqisho sentliziyo yakho.
• Ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi luphezulu: Intliziyo ikwanceda ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho lukwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo.

Intliziyo ayiwenzi lo msebenzi yodwa. Isebenza kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokwenza ezi zinto:

• Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo: Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ithumela imiqondiso yokunciphisa isantya sentliziyo yakho xa uphumle kwaye yonyusa isantya sentliziyo yakho xa uxhalabile okanye uxinezelekile.
• Inkqubo ye-endocrine: Le nkqubo ikhupha iikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-hormones . Ezi hormones zibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi inciphe okanye ivuleke. Oku kuchaphazela uxinzelelo lwegazi. Umzekelo, ii-hormones ezivela kwi-thyroid gland yakho zinokunyusa okanye zinciphise izinga lentliziyo yakho.

Zithini iindawo zentliziyo? Kufana neendawo zendlu!

Cinga ngentliziyo njengendlu encinci. Njengamalungu endlu, intliziyo nayo inamalungu.

• Iindonga: Njengeendonga zendlu.
• Amagumbi: Njengamagumbi endlwini.
• Iivalvu: Njengeengcango zamagumbi, zinokuvula zize zivale.
• Imithambo yegazi: Njengenkqubo yemibhobho yamanzi endlwini.
• Inkqubo yokuhambisa umbane: Ifana nenkqubo yocingo enika umbane ekhayeni.

Ngoku makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ndawo ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Iindonga zentliziyo

Ezi zimisipha ezinceda intliziyo ukuba iqine kwaye iphumle. Oku kuxinana nokuphumla kuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe emzimbeni wonke. Iindonga zentliziyo zahlulwe zibe ngamacala asekunene nasekhohlo sisicwili semisipha esibizwa ngokuba yi-septum .

Kukho iileya ezintathu eziphambili zodonga lwentliziyo:

• I-Endocardium: Ingaphakathi le-layer.
• I-Myocardium: Umaleko oqinileyo nowemisipha embindini. Lo ngumsebenzi ophambili wentliziyo wokumpompa.
• I-Epicardium: Umaleko ongaphandle okhuselayo.

Le `(Epicardium)` ngomnye umaleko wengxowa ekhuselayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-pericardium ejikeleze intliziyo. Le `(pericardium)` ivelisa ulwelo lokuthambisa intliziyo. Iyayithintela intliziyo ekubetheni amanye amalungu omzimba.

Amagumbi eentliziyo

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, intliziyo ineegumbi ezine eziphambili. Ezimbini phezulu nezimbini ezantsi. Ezi gumbi zikwicala lasekunene nelasekhohlo lentliziyo.

• I-atrium yasekunene: Igazi elingenaoksijini lingena kweli gumbi ngemithambo emibini emikhulu. I-vena cava ephezulu izisa igazi kwiindawo eziphezulu zomzimba. I-vena cava engaphantsi izisa igazi kwiindawo ezisezantsi zomzimba. I-atrium yasekunene emva koko ipompa eli gazi kwi-ventricle yasekunene.
• I-ventricle yasekunene: Eli gumbi, elikwicala lasekunene lentliziyo, lithumela igazi elingenaoksijini emaphashini ngemithambo yemiphunga . Kukwimiphunga apho eli gazi liphinda lifakwe khona ioksijini.
• I-atrium yasekhohlo: Igazi elineoksijini elivela emiphungeni lingena kwi-atrium yasekhohlo ngemithambo yemiphunga . Eli gumbi, elikwicala eliphezulu lasekhohlo lentliziyo, lipompa igazi kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• I-ventricle yasekhohlo: Le inkulu kancinci kune-ventricle yasekunene kuba kulapho igazi elineoksijini lithunyelwa khona emzimbeni wonke.

Iivalvu zentliziyo

Ezi zifana neengcango eziphakathi kwamagumbi entliziyo. Ezi valve ziyavuleka kwaye zivale ukuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela. Ezi valve zikwathintela igazi ukuba lingahambi libuyele umva.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeevalvu:

• Iivalvu ze-Atrioventricular (AV): Ezi ziphakathi kwe-atria ephezulu kunye nee-ventricle ezisezantsi.
• Ivalvu yeTricuspid: Ucango oluphakathi kwe-atrium yasekunene kunye ne-ventricle yasekunene.
• Ivalvu ye-Mitral:Ucango oluphakathi kwe-atrium yasekhohlo kunye ne-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• Iivalvu zeSemilunar (SL): Ezi valve ziyavuleka xa igazi liphuma kwiiventricles.
• Ivalvu ye-Aortic: Iyavuleka njengoko igazi elivela kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo lingena kwi-aorta (umthambo oyintloko othwala igazi elineoksijini ukuya emzimbeni).
• Ivalvu yemiphunga: Ivula xa igazi elivela kwi-ventricle yasekunene lingena kwimithambo yemiphunga (uhlobo olulodwa lomthambo oluthwala igazi elingenaoksijini ukuya emiphungeni).

Ivazi yegazi

Intliziyo ipompa igazi ngeentlobo ezintathu eziphambili zemithambo yegazi:

• Imithambo yegazi: Ithwala igazi elineoksijini lisuka entliziyweni lisiya kwizicubu zomzimba. Okukuphela kwento eyahlukileyo yimithambo yegazi yemiphunga eya emiphungeni - ithwala igazi elingenaoksijini.
• Imithambo: Buyisela igazi elingenaoksijini entliziyweni.
• IiCapillaries: Ezi zimithambo yegazi emihle kakhulu. Igazi elinomoya-mpilo kunye nokutshintshiselana kwegazi okunomoya-mpilo kwezi capillaries.

Imithambo yeCoronary

Intliziyo ikwafuna ukondliwa ukuze isebenze. Intliziyo ifumana ukondliwa kolu nxibelelwano lwemithambo yentliziyo . Le mithambo ibaleka phezu komphezulu wentliziyo. Le yimithambo ekhonza intliziyo ngokwayo.

• Umthambo wentliziyo osekhohlo: Lo wahlulwe ube ngamasebe amabini: umthambo wentliziyo ojikelezayo kunye nomthambo ongasemva ohlayo ngasekhohlo (LAD).
• I-Circumflex artery: Inika igazi kwi-atrium yasekhohlo nasemacaleni nasemva kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• Umthambo ohlayo wangaphambili osekhohlo (i-LAD): Unika igazi kwiindawo zangaphambili nezisezantsi ze-ventricle yasekhohlo kunye nomphambili we-septum yentliziyo.
• Umthambo wentliziyo osekunene (RCA): Uhambisa igazi kwi-atrium ekunene, kwi-ventricle ekunene, kwinxalenye esezantsi ye-ventricle ekhohlo, nakwinxalenye engasemva yentliziyo.

Inkqubo yokuHanjiswa koMbane

Oku kufana nenkqubo yocingo endlwini. Isingqisho kunye nesantya sokubetha kwentliziyo zilawulwa yile nkqubo. Imiqondiso iqala phezulu kwentliziyo ize yehle.

• I-Sinoatrial (SA) node: Imiqondiso ebangela ukuba intliziyo ibethe iqala apha. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-"natural pacemaker" yentliziyo.
• I-Atrioventricular node (AV): Iqhuba imiqondiso yombane ukusuka kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo ukuya kumagumbi asezantsi.
• Isebe le-bundle lasekhohlo: Lithumela ii-pulses zombane kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• Isebe lebhanti lasekunene: Lithumela iimpembelelo zombane kwi-ventricle yasekunene.
• I-Bundle of His: Ithumela i-pulses ukusuka kwi-node (AV) ukuya kwi-Purkinje fibers.
• Iifayibha zePurkinje: Ezi fayibha zibangela ukuba iiseli zentliziyo zifinyeze kwaye zipompe igazi liphume.

Intliziyo yakho iphi?

Intliziyo yakho ikwindawo engaphambili esifubeni sakho. Ngokuchanekileyo, ikwindawo engasemva kancinci kwaye ingasekhohlo kwe -sternum (ithambo lesifuba) embindini wesifuba sakho.

Intliziyo iphezulu kancinci kwicala lasekhohlo lomzimba, phakathi kwemiphunga yasekunene neyasekhohlo. Umphunga wasekhohlo mncinane kancinci kuba kufuneka ubeke intliziyo kwicala lasekhohlo lesifuba. I-rib key yakho ikhusela intliziyo.

Injani intliziyo? Ingakanani na?

Intliziyo ifana nephiramidi eguqulweyo enemiphetho engqukuva. Imithambo yegazi emikhulu ingena iphume entliziyweni. Le idibanisa intliziyo nomzimba wonke, iyinika igazi kunye neoksijini.

Intliziyo yomntu wonke yahlukile kancinci. Ngokomyinge, intliziyo yakho ilingana nenqindi lakho . Intliziyo yomntu omdala inobunzima obumalunga nee-ounces ezili-10 (malunga neegram ezingama-280) . Obu bunzima bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nesini sakho.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela intliziyo?

Isifo sentliziyo sisifo esixhaphakileyo. Kwamanye amazwe, sisifo esibangela ukufa.

Nazi ezinye zeemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela intliziyo:

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-Arrhythmia): Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo kakhulu, okucothayo kakhulu, okanye okunesingqisho esingahambelaniyo.
• I-Cardiomyopathy: Ukuqina okungaqhelekanga, ukwanda, okanye ukuqina kwemisipha yentliziyo.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo: Intliziyo iba lukhuni okanye ibe buthathaka kangangokuba ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo.
• Isifo semithambo yentliziyo: Ukugcwala kwamafutha (i-plaque) kwimithambo yentliziyo okuyenza inciphe.
• Isifo seswekile: Amanqanaba eswekile egazini aphezulu kunesiqhelo.
• Uhlaselo lwentliziyo / i-myocardial infarction: Ukuvaleka ngequbuliso komthambo wentliziyo, nto leyo ethintela inxalenye yemisipha yentliziyo ukuba ingafumani ioksijini.
• Isifo sevalvu yentliziyo: Ivalvu yentliziyo engasebenzi kakuhle.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Igazi lityhala ngamandla eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi.
• I-cholesterol ephezulu: Amanqanaba aphezulu amafutha egazini.
• I-Pericarditis: Ukudumba kwe-pericardium, ingxowa egubungela intliziyo.

Zithini iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo sentliziyo? Ziqaphele ezi!

Isifo sentliziyo singabangela iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Iintlungu zesifuba.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo.
• Ukudinwa.
• Ukudumba emzimbeni wakho ongezantsi, ingakumbi imilenze kunye namaqatha.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokuba luphawu lwesifo esinzulu.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezijonga impilo yentliziyo?

Oogqirha benza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukuze babone ukuba intliziyo yakho iphilile na.

• Ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram - i-EKG): Uvavanyo olujonga umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• I-Echocardiogram: Njenge-ultrasound scan yentliziyo. Ingajonga imilo, ubukhulu, amagumbi, kunye nomsebenzi weevalvu.
• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol kunye namanqanaba eswekile.
• Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kwintliziyo: Uvavanyo lokujonga ukuvaleka kwemithambo yentliziyo.
• Iskeni se-CT `(I-computed tomography - Iskeni se-CT)`.
• I-MRI yentliziyo (i-magnetic resonance imaging) .
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo: Olu vavanyo luvavanya indlela intliziyo esebenza ngayo ngexesha lokuzilolonga.

Ziziphi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwesifo sentliziyo?

Zininzi iindlela zokunyanga isifo sentliziyo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo.

• Amayeza: Amayeza anje ngokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi nokuthintela ukujiya kwegazi.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: Ukutshintsha izinto ezifana noko ukutyayo nokuselayo, kunye nokuba wenza umthambo ongakanani.
• Izixhobo zonyango: Umzekelo, izixhobo ezifana ne-pacemaker.
• Iinkqubo: Izinto ezifana `(Catheter ablation)` okanye `(angioplasty)` (ukuvula imithambo yegazi).
• Utyando: Njengotyando lwe-coronary artery bypass okanye utyando lokutshintsha ivalvu.

Ndingayigcina njani intliziyo yam iphilile? Ungakwenza oku ngokwakho!

Ukuba sele unesifo sentliziyo, landela isicwangciso sonyango sikagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela amayeza akho ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo.

Ukongeza, ungenza olu tshintsho kwindlela yokuphila ukuze ugcine intliziyo yakho isempilweni:

• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala (ukuba uyasela, sela kancinci kakhulu).
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Yitya iziqhamo, imifuno, iimbotyi kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo ezingaphezulu.
• Zilolonge umzimba ubuncinane imizuzu eli-150 ngeveki. (Zilolonge umzimba)
• Nciphisa ubuninzi betyuwa (i-sodium) eyongezwa ekutyeni.
• Lawula uxinzelelo: Sebenzisa iindlela ezisempilweni ezifana nokucamngca kunye nokubhala iijenali.
• Yeka ukutshaya nokusebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba ngokupheleleyo. Kuphephe ukutshaya umsi osetyenziswa ngabanye abantu. Ukuba uyatshaya, bona ugqirha ukuze akuncede uyeke.

Ndimele ndibuze ntoni kugqirha ngentliziyo yam?

Xa ubona ugqirha wakho, ungambuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Imbali yentsapho yam yesifo iyichaphazela njani impilo yentliziyo yam?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndinciphise uxinzelelo lwegazi?
• Inqanaba le-cholesterol yam liyichaphazela njani intliziyo yam?
• Zithini iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo?
• Luhlobo luni lokutya endifanele ndilutye ukuze ndithintele isifo sentliziyo?

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Njengelungu eliphambili lenkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi, intliziyo yakho yiyo ekugcina uphila. Ipompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke, izisa ioksijini kwiiseli zakho nakwizicubu. Ngenxa yokuba intliziyo idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuyinyamekela kakuhle. Nangona iimeko zentliziyo zixhaphakile, ungenza utshintsho ukugcina intliziyo yakho inamandla. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nendlela onokuyiphucula ngayo impilo yentliziyo yakho. Intliziyo yakho, ubomi bakho! Yinyamekele!

Intliziyo , isifo sentliziyo, impilo yentliziyo, ukujikeleza kwegazi, uhlaselo lwentliziyo, ukusebenza kwentliziyo, intliziyo esempilweni