Ngaba sifanele sazi yonke into ngeentliziyo zethu?

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba eli lungu lincinci emzimbeni wethu, elilingana nenqindi, lisebenza kangakanani? Intliziyo ngokwenene ngumatshini omangalisayo, osebenza rhoqo. Ungamangaliswa kukwazi ukuba ubomi bethu buxhomekeke kweli lungu lincinci. Ngoko ke, kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngentliziyo, indlela esebenza ngayo, nendlela yokuzikhusela kwizifo zentliziyo ngendlela elula neqondakalayo.

Yintoni intliziyo kwaye yintoni eyenzayo emizimbeni yethu?

Ngamafutshane, intliziyo sisitho esinemisipha esimpompa igazi emzimbeni wethu wonke. Sifana nepompo yamanzi empompa amanzi. Eli sisitho esiphambili kwinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi.

Khawuthelekelele, kukho amagumbi amane amancinci entliziyweni yethu, oko kukuthi, amagumbi amane . Igazi lingena kula magumbi lize lihlale okwethutyana, lize liye kwelinye icala. Intliziyo ayibethi nje kuphela, ifumana imiqondiso evela kwimigudu yombane . Konke oku kulawulwa yingqondo yethu kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

Ngoko ke umsebenzi oyintloko wentliziyo kukusasaza igazi emzimbeni wonke. Kungeli gazi apho yonke iseli emzimbeni wethu ifumana ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo. Kwakhona, igazi elidlula entliziyweni likwathwala inkunkuma efana nekhabhoni dayokhsayidi eveliswa kwiiseli kwaye liyithumele kwamanye amalungu apho inokususwa khona .

Ayipheleli apho, intliziyo yenza eminye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo:

• Ilawula isantya kunye nesingqisho sentliziyo yethu.
• Inceda ukugcina uxinzelelo lwethu lwegazi lukwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.

Intliziyo ayiwenzi lo msebenzi yodwa. Isebenza kunye neenkqubo ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo kunye nenkqubo ye-endocrine.

• Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo: Le nkqubo ithumela imiqondiso yokunciphisa izinga lentliziyo xa silele nokunyusa izinga lentliziyo xa sixhalabile okanye sisoyika.
• Inkqubo ye-endocrine: Le nkqubo ikhupha iikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-hormone . Ezi hormone zibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi yethu inciphe okanye ivuleke. Yile nto itshintsha uxinzelelo lwegazi. Umzekelo, ii-hormone ezivela kwi-thyroid gland entanyeni yethu zinokunyusa okanye zinciphise izinga lentliziyo yethu.

Iindawo zentliziyo zifana neendawo zendlu!

Ewe, khawucinge ukuba intliziyo yethu yindlu encinci. Njengaloo ndlu, intliziyo nayo inamacandelo ahlukeneyo.

• Iindonga: Njengeendonga zendlu.
• Amagumbi: Njengamagumbi endlwini.
• Iivalvu: Njengeengcango zamagumbi, zinokuvula zize zivale.
• Imithambo yegazi: Njengenkqubo yemibhobho yamanzi endlwini.
• Inkqubo yokuhambisa umbane: Njengenkqubo yocingo ebonelela ngombane ekhayeni.

Ngaba masijonge nganye kwezi ndawo ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe?

Iindonga zentliziyo

Iindonga zentliziyo zenziwe zimisipha. Ezi zezona zimpompa igazi ngokufinyela nokwandisa. Amacala asekunene nasekhohlo entliziyo ahlulwe sisicwili semisipha esibizwa ngokuba yi-septum .

Udonga lwentliziyo lwenziwe ngamaleya amathathu:

• I-Endocardium: Ingaphakathi le-layer.
• I-Myocardium: Umaleko oqinileyo nowemisipha embindini. Lo ngumsebenzi ophambili wentliziyo wokumpompa.
• I-Epicardium: Umaleko ongaphandle okhuselayo.

Le epicardium lulwaleko olunye lwesingxobo esikhuselayo esijikeleze intliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-pericardium . I-pericardium ikhupha ulwelo, olufana negrisi, ukunciphisa ukungqubana phakathi kwentliziyo nezinye izitho.

Amagumbi entliziyo

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, intliziyo ineegumbi ezine eziphambili. Ezimbini phezulu, ezimbini ezantsi, nenye kwicala ngalinye.

• I-atrium yasekunene: Imithambo emibini emikhulu - i-vena cava ephezulu ( ethwala igazi elivela kwinxalenye ephezulu yentliziyo) kunye ne-vena cava engaphantsi ( ethwala igazi elivela kwinxalenye esezantsi yentliziyo) - ithwala igazi elingenaoksijini ukuya kwi-atrium yasekunene. I-atrium yasekunene emva koko ipompa eli gazi kwi-ventricle yasekunene.
• I-ventricle yasekunene: Le gumbi lasekunene elisezantsi limpompa igazi elingenaoksijini ukuya emiphungeni ngomthambo wemiphunga . Kusemiphungeni apho ioksijini yongezwa khona kwakhona egazini.
• I-atrium yasekhohlo: Igazi elineoksijini elivela emiphungeni lingena kwi-atrium yasekhohlo ngemithambo yemiphunga . Eli gazi limpompa igazi lisuka kwi-ventricle ephezulu yasekhohlo liye kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• I-ventricle yasekhohlo: I-ventricle yasekhohlo inkulu kancinci kune-ventricle yasekunene kwaye inezindonga ezityebileyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ipompa igazi elineoksijini emzimbeni wonke. Ifuna amandla amaninzi.

Iivalvu zentliziyo

Iivalvu ezisentliziyweni zifana neengcango. Ziphakathi kwamagumbi. Ziyavuleka zize zivale ukuze igazi lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela. Umsebenzi ophambili wezi valve kukuthintela igazi ukuba lingabuyeli kwicala elingalunganga.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeevalvu:

Iivalve zeAtrioventricular (iivalvu zeAV)

Ezi ziphakathi kwe-atrium ephezulu kunye ne-ventricle esezantsi.

• Ivalvu yeTricuspid: Ivalvu ephakathi kwe-atrium yasekunene kunye ne-ventricle yasekunene.
• Ivalvu yeMitral: Ucango oluphakathi kwe-atrium yasekhohlo kunye ne-ventricle yasekhohlo.

Iivalvu zeSemilunar (iivalvu zeSL)

Ezi zivuleka xa igazi liphuma kwiiseli.

• Ivalvu ye-Aortic: Ivuleka njengoko igazi liphuma kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo lisiya kwi-aorta (umthambo oyintloko othwala igazi elineoksijini ukuya emzimbeni wonke).
• Ivalvu yepulmonary: Ivula xa igazi elivela kwi-ventricle yasekunene lingena kwi-pulmonary artery (uhlobo olulodwa lwe-artery oluthwala igazi elingena-oxygen ukuya emiphungeni).

Ivazi yegazi

Intliziyo ipompa igazi ngeentlobo ezintathu eziphambili zemithambo yegazi:

• Imithambo yegazi: Le ithwala igazi elineoksijini ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya kwizicubu zomzimba. Okukuphela kwento eyahlukileyo yimithambo yegazi yemiphunga, ethwala igazi elingenaoksijini ukuya emiphungeni.
• Imithambo: Buyisela igazi elingenaoksijini emzimbeni libuyele entliziyweni.
• IiCapillaries: Imithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu. Igazi elinomoya-mpilo kunye nokutshintshiselana kwegazi okungenawo umoya-mpilo ngezi capillaries.

Imithambo yeCoronary

Intliziyo nayo ifuna ukondliwa. Ngoko ke kukho inkqubo ekhethekileyo yemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. Le ibizwa ngokuba yimithambo yegazi yentliziyo . Le mithambo yegazi ihamba phezu komphezulu wentliziyo.

• Umthambo wentliziyo osekhohlo: Lo wahlulwe ube ngamasebe amabini - umthambo wentliziyo ojikelezayo ( ohambisa igazi kwi-atrium yasekhohlo nasemacaleni nasemva kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo) kunye nomthambo wentliziyo osezantsi ongasemva kwekhohlo (i-LAD) (ohambisa igazi ngaphambili nasezantsi kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo naphambi kwe-septum).
• Umthambo wentliziyo osekunene (RCA): Uhambisa igazi kwi-atrium ekunene, kwi-ventricle ekunene, kwinxalenye esezantsi ye-ventricle esekhohlo, nangasemva kwe-septum.

Inkqubo yokuqhuba umbane yentliziyo

Oku kufana neentambo zombane endlwini. Isingqisho kunye nesantya sokubetha kwentliziyo zilawulwa yile nkqubo. Imiqondiso iqala phezulu kwentliziyo ize yehle.

• I-Sinoatrial node (SA node): Kulapho iqala khona imiqondiso eya entliziyweni ukuba ibethe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"natural pacemaker" yentliziyo.
• I-Atrioventricular node (AV node): Iqhuba imiqondiso yombane ukusuka kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo ukuya kumagumbi asezantsi.
• Isebe le-bundle lasekhohlo: Lithumela ii-pulses zombane kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• Isebe lebhanti lasekunene: Lithumela iimpembelelo zombane kwi-ventricle yasekunene.
• I-Bundle of His: Ithumela i-impulses ukusuka kwi-AV node ukuya kwi-Purkinje fibers.
• Iifayibha zePurkinje: Ezi fayibha zinceda iiseli zentliziyo ukuba zifinyeze kwaye zipompe igazi liphume.

Iphi intliziyo? Ijongeka njani? Ingakanani? Ingakanani?

Intliziyo yakho ikwindawo engaphambili esifubeni sakho. Ngokuchanekileyo, ikwindawo ephakathi esifubeni sakho, emva nje kwesifuba, okanye i-sternum , kwaye ngasekhohlo.

Oko kuthetha ukuba intliziyo ayikho kwicala lasekhohlo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ikwicala lasekhohlo kancinci. Phakathi kwemiphunga yasekunene neyasekhohlo. Umphunga wasekhohlo mncinci kancinci kunowasekunene, ukuze ulungele loo ntliziyo. Intliziyo ikhuselwe yimbambo zethu.

Ngaphandle, intliziyo ifanaIjongeka njengephiramidi eguqulweyo, kodwa ineekona ezingqukuva kancinci. Imithambo yegazi emikhulu ingena iphume entliziyweni, ingenise igazi ize ilithathe. Le mithambo idibanisa intliziyo nomzimba wonke.

Ubungakanani bentliziyo yomntu wonke bahlukile kancinci. Intliziyo yakho idla ngokuba nobukhulu obufana nobenqindi lakho. Intliziyo yomntu omdala inobunzima obumalunga nee-ounces ezili-10 (malunga neegram ezingama-280). Obu bunzima bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomzimba wakho kunye nesini.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela intliziyo?

Okubuhlungu kukuba, isifo sentliziyo sisifo esixhaphakileyo ehlabathini. Sisona sibangela sokufa esiphambili kumazwe afana ne-United States.

Nazi ezinye zeemeko zonyango eziqhelekileyo ezinokuchaphazela intliziyo:

• I-Arrhythmia: Isantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo kakhulu, esicothayo kakhulu, okanye esingahambelaniyo.
• I-Cardiomyopathy: Ukuqina okungaqhelekanga, ukwanda, okanye ukuqina kwemisipha yentliziyo.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo: Intliziyo iba lukhuni okanye ibe buthathaka kangangokuba ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi: Ii-fatty deposits (i-plaque) ziyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi yegazi, zize zinciphe.
• Isifo seswekile: Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini. Oku kunokuchaphazela nentliziyo.
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo: Ukuvaleka ngequbuliso komthambo wentliziyo, okubangela ukuba inxalenye yemisipha yentliziyo ilahlekelwe yioksijini.
• Isifo sevalvu yentliziyo: Ivalvu yentliziyo engasebenzi kakuhle.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Uxinzelelo oluphezulu olukhutshwa ligazi eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi.
• I-cholesterol ephezulu: Ukwanda kwamafutha egazini.
• I-Pericarditis: Ukudumba kwe-pericardium, ingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo.

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo sentliziyo?

Ukuba uneempawu ezinjalo, kufuneka ukhathazeke:

• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo kukuziva ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okanye isandi esibetha ngamandla esifubeni.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo.
• Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu (Ukudinwa).
• Ukudumba komzimba ongezantsi, ingakumbi imilenze.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Kubaluleke kakhulu.

Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olujonga impilo yentliziyo yakho

Oogqirha benza iimvavanyo ezifana nezi ukujonga impilo yentliziyo:

• Ukulinganiswa koxinzelelo lwegazi `(Ukulinganiswa koxinzelelo lwegazi)` .
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG okanye i-ECG): Le yindlela yokulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• I-Echocardiogram: Isebenzisa amaza esandi ukuthatha imifanekiso yentliziyo.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Ijonga imeko yentliziyo nemiphunga.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lujonga izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol kunye namanqanaba eswekile.
• Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kwintliziyo: Ityhubhu encinci idluliselwa kwimithambo yegazi iye entliziyweni ukuze ihlolwe.
• I-CT scan eqikelelweyo: Ithatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zentliziyo.
• I-MRI yentliziyo (i-magnetic resonance imaging): Imifanekiso yentliziyo ithathwa kusetyenziswa i-magnetic field.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo: Olu vavanyo luvavanya indlela intliziyo esebenza ngayo ngexesha lokuzilolonga.

Ziziphi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwesifo sentliziyo?

Oogqirha banyanga umntu onesifo sentliziyo ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Amayeza: Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi nokuthintela ukujiya kwegazi.
• Ukutshintsha imikhwa yemihla ngemihla: izinto ezifana noko ukutyayo nokuselayo, ubungakanani bomthambo owenzayo.
• Izixhobo zonyango: Ukufaka izixhobo ezifana nee-pacemaker entliziyweni.
• Iinkqubo: Izinto ezifana ne -catheter ablation ( kwiintliziyo ezibetha ngokungangqalanga) okanye i-angioplasty (ukwandisa imithambo yegazi emincinci).
• Utyando: Utyando olukhulu olufana notyando lwe-coronary artery bypass okanye ukutshintshwa kwevalvu .

Ndingayigcina njani intliziyo yam iphilile?

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, kufuneka ulandele isicwangciso sonyango esinikwe ngugqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela amayeza akho ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo.

Kwakhona, kukho utshintsho oluninzi kwindlela yokuphila onokulwenza ukuze ugcine intliziyo yakho iphilile:

• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye uyeke ngokupheleleyo.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Yitya iziqhamo, imifuno, iimbotyi kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo ezingaphezulu.
• Zilolonge ubuncinane imizuzu eli-150 ngeveki. Oku kungaba kukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukubaleka, okanye ukudada.
• Nciphisa ubuninzi betyuwa oyifaka ekutyeni kwakho.
• Lawula uxinzelelo: Sebenzisa iindlela ezisempilweni ezifana nokucamngca kunye nokubhala iijenali.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa icuba nezinye iimveliso zecuba. Kuphephe ukuba phakathi kwabantu abatshayayo (umsi osetyenziswa ngabanye). Ukuba uyatshaya, cela uncedo kugqirha wakho ukuba akuncede uyeke.

Zeziphi ezinye izinto omele uzibuze ugqirha wakho malunga nentliziyo yakho?

Xa usiya kugqirha, kungcono ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Ukuba nesifo sentliziyo kusapho lwam kuyichaphazela njani impilo yentliziyo yam?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndinciphise uxinzelelo lwegazi?
• Inqanaba le-cholesterol yam liyichaphazela njani intliziyo yam?
• Zithini iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo?
• Luhlobo luni lokutya endifanele ndilutye ukuze ndithintele isifo sentliziyo?

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule

Njengelungu eliphambili lenkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi, intliziyo yiyo esigcina siphila. Ipompa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba, izisa ioksijini kwiiseli zethu nakwizicwili zethu. Ngenxa yokuba intliziyo yenza umsebenzi obaluleke kangaka, kubalulekile ukuyinyamekela. Iingxaki zentliziyo zixhaphakile kakhulu, kodwa ungenza utshintsho ukunceda ukugcina intliziyo yakho iphilile. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nendlela onokuyiphucula ngayo impilo yentliziyo yakho.