Masithethe ngokweenkcukacha ngemfihlo enzulu yolusu lwakho: iHypodermis (i-Subcutaneous Tissue)!

Molo! Unjani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngento ebaluleke kakhulu ngolusu lwethu. Ubusazi na ukuba ulusu lwakho alulo nje ulwelo lwangaphandle olubonayo, kodwa kukho nezinye iileya ngaphakathi kulo? Namhlanje sithetha ngolwelo oluphantsi kwezo leya, oko kukuthi, ulwelo olungaphakathi emzimbeni. Oogqirha babiza oku ngokuthi yi-hypodermis . Abanye babiza nangokuthi yi -subcutaneous tissue . Ngoko ke, makhe sibone ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwenkonzo oluyinika umzimba wethu le hypodermis?

Yintoni kanye kanye i-hypodermis? Zithini iileya zolusu lwethu?

Ngamafutshane, cinga ngolusu lwakho njengendlu enemigangatho emithathu.

• I-Epidermis: Le yilaphu ephezulu. Le yilaphu esiyibonayo nesiyichukumisayo. Le yilaphu elisikhusela kuqala kwizinto ezidibana nokusingqongileyo.
• I-Dermis: Le yingqimba ephakathi, phantsi kwe-epidermis. Iqulethe izinto ezininzi, ezifana nemithambo yegazi, iziphelo zemithambo-luvo, kunye neendlala zokubila.
• IHypodermis: Kaloku, le sithetha ngayo namhlanje iphantsi kwezi leya zimbini, ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Le yeyona leya inzulu nengaphakathi kwesikhumba.

Ngoku uyaqonda ukuba iphi i-hypodermis? Kulungile, masibone ukuba zeziphi iinkonzo ezinikezelwa lolu layer luphantsi emzimbeni wethu.

Yeyiphi imisebenzi eyenziwa yi-hypodermis emzimbeni wethu?

Zininzi iinkonzo ezinikezelwa yile hypodermis emizimbeni yethu. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili.

• Uqhagamshelwano: Cinga nje, ulusu lwakho aluyonto nje ebekwa phezu komzimba wakho. Kufuneka luqhagamshelwe kwimisipha namathambo angaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Olo qhagamshelwano lwenziwa yi-hypodermis, ebamba umaleko ophakathi wolusu lwakho (i-dermis) kwimisipha namathambo.

• Ukukhusela: Njengokuba sizigquma ngengubo ukuze sizikhusele ekubandeni, i-hypodermis isebenza njengesithinteli sendalo semizimba yethu. Oko kukuthi, inciphisa ukulahleka kobushushu bomzimba kwaye isikhusele ekubandeni. Yiyo loo nto inceda ukugcina ubushushu bomzimba wethu bukwinqanaba elifanayo.

• Ukukhusela umzimba wakho: Le yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Khawuthelekelele ukuba uwela ndaweni ithile okanye ubetha into ethile, umothuko owenzekayo usebenza njenge -'shock absorber' eyifunxa ngaphandle kokuya ngqo kwizitho zomzimba, kwimisipha, nakumathambo angaphakathi. Kwakhona, ithintela izicubu ezingaphantsi kolusu lwethu ekukhuhlaneni zize zibangele ukwenzakala. Le hypodermis yiyo enceda izinto ezingaphantsi kolusu ukuba zihambe kakuhle nangokutyibilikayo.

• Ukugcina amandla: Imizimba yethu ifuna amandla ukuze isebenze. I-hypodermis yindawo apho loo mandla agcinwa khona. Iqulethe uhlobo oluthile lweseli olubizwa ngokuba zii-adipocytes.Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-fat cells. Ezi-fat cells zigcina amandla angaphezulu njengamafutha kwaye ziwakhuphela kuthi xa siwadinga.

Jonga ukuba le dekhi incinci inokwenza umsebenzi omninzi kangakanani!

Yintoni equlethwe yi-hypodermis layer?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba yintoni engaphakathi kolu layer olubizwa ngokuba yi-hypodermis. Lwenziwe zizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

• Izicubu zamafutha: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-hypodermis ikakhulu yenziwe ziizicubu zamafutha. Oku kwenziwa ikakhulu ziiseli zamafutha ezibizwa ngokuba zii-adipocytes . Le yeyona nxalenye iphambili enika ubushushu kwaye igcine amandla emzimbeni.

• Imithambo yegazi: Le yimithambo yegazi. Le yimithambo yegazi, ii-capillaries, kunye nemithambo yegazi ehamba nge-hypodermis. Le yiyo ethwala igazi emzimbeni wonke, inika ioksijini kunye nezondlo kwizitho ezibalulekileyo, kwaye isusa inkunkuma kwiiseli.

• IBursa: Eli ligama elingaqhelekanga, akunjalo? I-bursa sisingxobo esincinci, esityibilikayo esizaliswe lulwelo olunamanzi. Ezi zihlala zifumaneka apho amathambo, imisipha, kunye nemisipha zikhuhlana. Zisebenza njengomqamelo, zithintela iindawo ukuba zingakhuhlani kwaye zibangele ukwenzakala nokuguguleka. Xa kukho ii-bursa ezingaphezu kwesinye, zibizwa ngokuba yi -bursae .

• Izicubu ezidityanisiweyo: Le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ezi zicubu ezidityanisiweyo zenziwe ikakhulu ziintlobo ezimbini zeeproteni ezibizwa ngokuba yi-collagen kunye ne -elastin . Ezi zidibanisa izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni, zizinike inkxaso, kwaye zibambe ezinye iindawo ze-hypodermis kunye. Njengeendonga zendlu.

• Ii-Fibroblast: Ezi zezona ntlobo ziphambili zeeseli ezifumaneka kwizicubu ezidityanisiweyo. Ezi seli ze-fibroblast zivelisa iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-collagen. I-Collagen ibaluleke kakhulu ekuqiniseni nasekuthambekeni kolusu.

• Imithambo ye-lymphatic: Ezi zifana nenkqubo yemibhobho esusa inkunkuma emizimbeni yethu. Le yinethiwekhi yemithambo emikhulu kancinci, efana ne-capillaries (microvessels). Ziqokelela i-lymph , ulwelo olunenkunkuma kunye neetyhefu eziqokelelana kwizicubu, ziyihluze, ziyicoce, kwaye ziyibuyisele kwinkqubo yegazi.

• IiMacrophage: Ezi zifana nabalindi bokhuseleko bomzimba. Ziluhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Umsebenzi wazo kukubamba nokutshabalalisa iintsholongwane, ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ezingena emzimbeni.

• Imiva:Imithambo-luvo yinkqubo yonxibelelwano lolwazi emzimbeni wethu. Le mithambo-luvo ithwala ulwazi oluvela engqondweni ukuya kwezinye iindawo zomzimba kwaye luvela kwiindawo zomzimba ukuya engqondweni ngemiqondiso yombane. Le nkqubo yemithambo-luvo yiyo esilawulayo ukuba siqonde iimvakalelo (izinto esizivayo, izinto esizibonayo) ezivela kwindawo esingqongileyo kwaye siphendule kuzo. Le mithambo-luvo ikwasasazeka kuyo yonke i-hypodermis.

Yintoni uxanduva lwe-hypodermis? Ingaba iyafana naphi na?

Njengoko besixoxile ngaphambili, kunye nezinye iileya ezimbini zesikhumba (i-epidermis kunye ne-dermis), uxanduva oluphambili lwale hypodermis kukukhusela inkqubo yethu yamathambo, amalungu angaphakathi, izihlunu, kunye nezinye izicubu kwimiphumo eyahlukeneyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ubukhulu bale hypodermis abufani kuyo yonke indawo emzimbeni wakho. Buyahluka ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwenye. Kwakhona, indlela eziqokelelana ngayo izicwili ezinamafutha iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimpembelelo yeehomoni kunye nemfuza .

Umzekelo, ukuba umntu une -testosterone eninzi kakhulu (i-hormone enkulu yamadoda), i-hypodermis yakhe inokuba nkulu kwiindawo ezifana nesisu sakhe, iingalo, umqolo ongezantsi, nasemagxeni.

Kwakhona, umaleko wamafutha kwi-hypodermis uyanda kwiindawo ezifana neempundu, izinqe, namathanga abantu abanezinga eliphezulu le-hormone ye- estrogen (i-hormone enkulu yabasetyhini).

Ingakanani umbala kunye nobukhulu be-hypodermis?

• Umbala: I-hypodermis idla ngokuba nombala otyheli. Oku kungenxa yeeseli zamafutha ezikuyo. Kwakhona, lo mbala otyheli unokwahluka ukusuka kotyheli okhanyayo ukuya kotyheli omnyama kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bepigment ebizwa ngokuba yi-carotene . I-Carotene yinto esiyityayo ekutyeni okufana neminqathe kunye neebhatata ezimnandi.

• Ubukhulu/Ubukhulu: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ubukhulu bale nto buyahluka ngokweendawo emzimbeni. Kukho iindawo ezincinci kakhulu. Umzekelo, i-hypodermis kwiinkophe zakho nakwiindawo ezijikeleze isini sakho sangaphandle inokuba ngaphantsi kwe-millimeter ubukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezifana nesisu sakho kunye neempundu, inokuba nkulu kuneesentimitha ezi-3 (ngaphezulu kancinci kwe-intshi enye).

Ziziphi izifo neemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela i-hypodermis?

Njengalo naliphi na elinye ilungu lomzimba, kukho izifo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko ezinokuchaphazela i-hypodermis. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Izilonda zebhedi/Izilonda zoxinzelelo: Xa uhlala kwindawo enye ixesha elide, ukuhamba kwegazi eluswini nakwizicwili ezingaphantsi kuyancipha kwiindawo apho ubunzima bomzimba busetyenziswa khona, nto leyo ebangela izilonda. Ukuba ezi ziba nzulu, zinokuchaphazela ne-hypodermis.
• I-Hypothermia: Oku kukwehla okuyingozi kobushushu bomzimba. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuvezwa kwindawo ebandayo. Umaleko wamafutha kwi-hypodermis unceda ukugcina umzimba ufudumele, ngoko ke kule meko, loo nkqubo iyaphazamiseka.
• I-panniculitis:Oku kukudumba komaleko onamafutha we-hypodermis. Oku kunokubangela amaqhuma abuhlungu phantsi kolusu.
• I-Sarcoidosis: Esi sisifo apho iiseli ezincinci zokudumba (iigranuloma) ziqokelelana kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha sichaphazela ne-hypodermis.
• Ukutsha kwenqanaba lesithathu: Ukuba ukutsha kuchaphazela zonke iileya ezintathu zolusu, oko kukuthi, i-epidermis, i-dermis, kunye ne-hypodermis, kukutshisa kwenqanaba lesithathu. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Iithumba: Zombini iithumba ezingalunganga nezinobungozi zinokuvela kwi-hypodermis.

Enye into ebalulekileyo yinto eyenzekayo njengoko sikhula. Sonke siyaguga. Emva koko i-hypodermis yethu iqala ukuncipha. Oko kuthetha ukuba inani lamafutha kunye nezicubu ezidibeneyo kuyo liyancipha. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Njengoko izicubu ezidibeneyo ezidibanisa i-dermis nezihlunu, izicubu kunye namathambo zibuthathaka, ulusu luqala ukugoba nokushwabana. Ngamanye amaxesha ulusu lunokoma.

Zithini iimpawu zengxaki enxulumene ne-hypodermis?

Ukuba kukho imeko echaphazela i-hypodermis, kunokubakho iimpawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ezibonisa oko:

• Amabala amnyama eluswini, okanye utshintsho kwimo, umbala, okanye ubungakanani bamabala okanye amaqhuma asele ekho.
• Ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi kwindawo yesikhumba (indawo inokubanda kwaye itshintshe umbala).
• Ukwakheka kwezilonda ezivulekileyo ezinzulu kangangokuba ne-hypodermis ibonakala.
• Ukubila okunciphileyo njengesiqhelo.
• Njengakwiindawo ezithile zokutsha, ulusu lunokuba mhlophe okanye lutshiswe (lumnyama), kwaye kusenokungabikho ntlungu kuloo ndawo (oku kusenokuba kungenxa yomonakalo wemithambo-luvo).

Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga impilo ye-hypodermis?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Baza kubuza ngeempawu zakho, bajonge ulusu lwakho, baze bafumane umbono osisiseko wokuba kukho ingxaki na. Ukongeza, banokwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa ukuba kukho izinto ezibangela i-allergen, usulelo, okanye ezinye iimeko zempilo.
• I-Biopsy: Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesikhumba (isampulu) kwindawo erhanelekayo uze ulihlolisise phantsi kwemakroskopu. Oku kunokunceda ekufumaniseni ukuba kukho naziphi na izifo, usulelo, okanye iiseli zomhlaza.

Ukuba kurhanelwa ukuba kukho umhlaza wolusu, ofana ne -melanoma , kunokufuneka wenze ezinye iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo zokujonga imifanekiso , ezinje nge -CT scan okanye i-MRI scan, ukuze kubonwe ukuba sele isasazeke na kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zezifo ezinxulumene ne-hypodermis?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyanga izifo kunye neemeko ezichaphazela i-hypodermis. Unyango luxhomekeke kwisifo.

• Ukususwa kwezicubu: Eli ligama elingaqhelekanga. Ngamafutshane, yinkqubo yokususa izicwili ezifileyo, ezonakeleyo kwinxeba. Ukungaphumeleli ukwenza njalo kunokulibazisa ukuphiliswa kwaye kukhokelele ekosulelekeni. Ezi zicwili ezifileyo zisuswa kusetyenziswa amaza e-ultrasound , ii-laser , ulwelo oluxinzelelweyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha utyando oluncinci.

• Izithambisi zesikhumba: Ezi luhlobo lwenaliti esetyenziselwa ukubuyisela umthamo wesikhumba olahlekileyo njengoko sikhula, xa ulusu luqhekeka kwaye kuvela imibimbi. Zikwachaphazela i-hypodermis ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Umzekelo , i-hyaluronic acid ( umz. iJuvederm®), i-polylactic acid (umz. iSculptra™), okanye i-polyalkylimide (umz. iAquamid™) zisetyenziselwa le njongo. Ezi zezexeshana kwaye kufuneka ziphindwe emva kwexesha elithile.

• Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba: Le nkqubo isetyenziswa xa ulusu lonakele kakhulu ngenxa yokutsha kakhulu, amanxeba amakhulu, okanye izilonda ezingapholiyo kwaye zingakwazi ukuphola ngokwazo. Oku kuquka ukuthatha umaleko omncinci wolusu kwenye indawo yomzimba (ngokufuthi ethangeni) uze uluncamathisele kwindawo eyonakeleyo.

• Izinto ezithatha indawo yolusu: Ngamanye amaxesha, xa ungakwazi ukufumana ulusu lwakho, okanye xa ufuna ulusu kwindawo enkulu kakhulu, kusetyenziswa izinto ezithatha indawo yolusu. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi:
• I-Allograft: Iiseli okanye izicubu ezithathwe komnye umntu (ngokuqhelekileyo ngumxhasi oswelekileyo).
• Xenograft: Iiseli okanye izicubu ezithathwe kwisilwanyana (umz., ihagu).
• Ulusu oluyilwe ngokwemvelo: Ulusu olwenziwe kwilebhu ngeemolekyuli ezingezizo ezebhayoloji kunye neepolymers.

Ezi zisetyenziselwa abantu abaneenxeba ezinzulu, ukutsha, kunye nosulelo.

• Ukufudumeza umzimba wakho: Eli linyathelo lokuqala lokunyanga i-hypothermia . Ufanele umfudusele umntu ngokukhawuleza kwindawo efudumeleyo neyomileyo, umkhuphe impahla emanzi, uze umfake kwimpahla eyomileyo nefudumeleyo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ugqirha wakho unokukunika ulwelo olufudumeleyo ngomgca we -IV (intravenous) . Banokukunika neoksijini efudumeleyo ngemaski okanye ityhubhu yokuphefumla.

Yintoni esinokuyenza ukugcina i-hypodermis isempilweni?

Kukho imikhwa embalwa elula yokuphila esinokuyilandela ukuze sigcine olu luhlu lubalulekileyo lolusu lwethu lusempilweni.

• Nyanga amanxeba ngendlela efanelekileyo: Ukuba ufumana inxeba elincinci, ungalihoyi. Lihlambe kakuhle ngamanzi acocekileyo nesepha. Oku kunokunceda ekuthinteleni usulelo. Emva koko, sebenzisa ibhola yekotoni ukuzeFaka inani elincinci le-petroleum jelly (umz. iVaseline™) okanye i-ointment yokukhusela ulusu (umz. iAquaphor™) enxebeni uze uyigqume ngebhandeji ecocekileyo. Oku kuya kunceda ukugcina ukungcola neentsholongwane zingangeni.

• Kuphephe ukonakala lilanga: Ukuchitha ixesha elininzi elangeni akulunganga kulusu lwakho. Kungonakalisa ulusu lwakho, kukhawulezise ukwaluphala, kwaye kubangele nomhlaza wolusu. Ngoko ke, xa uphuma, sebenzisa isithambisi sokukhusela ilanga esine -SPF (Sun Protection Factor) 30 ubuncinane. Kwakhona, licebo elihle ukunxiba umnqwazi kunye nempahla enemikhono emide. Ungalibali ukuphinda ufake isithambisi sokukhusela ilanga rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbalwa.

• Thatha amanyathelo okuzikhusela ekutshisweni: Kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokutsha xa usebenza endlwini okanye ekhitshini.
• Gcina ubushushu besifudumezi samanzi sakho sasekhaya bungaphantsi kwama-48-49 Celsius (120 Fahrenheit).
• Xa upheka, sebenzisa izitshisi ezingasemva kwesitovu kangangoko unako (ingakumbi ukuba kukho abantwana abancinci endlwini).
• Musa ukutshisa isitovu uze wenze eminye imisebenzi ngaphandle kokuyinika ingqalelo.
• Gcina iikhemikhali, izinto zokukhanyisa, kunye neematshisi kude nabantwana abancinci.

• Gcina umzimba wakho ufudumele: Oku kubalulekile ukuthintela imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypothermia .
• Nxiba iimpahla ezifudumeleyo xa kubanda.
• Zama ukugcina ubushushu ekhaya bungaphantsi kwama-20 Celsius (68 Fahrenheit).
• Xa uziva ubanda, musa ukuhlala kwindawo enye, hambahamba kancinci, kwaye ugcine umzimba wakho usebenza.
• Ukuba uchitha ixesha elininzi ngaphandle ngexesha lokubanda, ngena ngaphakathi rhoqo ukuze uzifudumeze kancinci.

Ukuba unyamekela ezi zinto zilula, ungagcina kungekuphela nje i-hypodermis yakho, kodwa nolusu lwakho lonke lusempilweni.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, ngoku uyaqonda ukuba le hypodermis okanye izicubu ezingaphantsi kolusu zibaluleke kangakanani na kulusu lwethu. Ayisiyo nje umaleko wamafutha. Ineenzuzo ezininzi kunye nemisebenzi emzimbeni wethu.

I-hypodermis yenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo , njengokugcina amandla, ukudibanisa izihlunu namathambo phantsi kolusu, ukusikhusela ekubandeni nasekugcineni ubushushu bomzimba, kunye nokukhusela amalungu ethu angaphakathi kwiingozi ezahlukeneyo kunye nokothuka .

Nangona kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba le hypodermis ibe ncinci njengoko sikhula, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ulusu lubole kwaye lube nemibimbi, singazilawula ezi meko ngandlela thile ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo nokubonelela ngononophelo olufunekayo kulusu. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kukwakho nezibonelelo namhlanje zokubuyisela inkangeleko elahlekileyo yolusu ngandlela thile ngonyango olufana nokugcwalisa isikhumba phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha.

Ngoko ke, cinga ngalo mhlobo unzulu, kodwa oxabisekileyo kulusu lwakho. Lunyamekele ngendlela oluyidingayo. Emva koko uya kukwazi ukugcina ulusu lwakho lusempilweni, luhle ixesha elide!

I- Hypodermis, izicubu ezingaphantsi kolusu, iileya zesikhumba, impilo yesikhumba, izicubu zamafutha, ukhuseleko lwesikhumba, izifo zesikhumba