Umkhuseli ongathethiyo wenkqubo yakho yomchamo: Masifunde yonke into malunga ne-urothelium!

Sonke mhlawumbi asikaze silive igama elithi 'Urothelium' kakhulu kwincoko yethu yemihla ngemihla, akunjalo? Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba eli yinxalenye emangalisayo yomzimba wethu, ingakumbi inkqubo yomchamo , edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu . Ukuchaneka, le urothelium isebenza njengomkhuseli othuleyo ohlala ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu kwaye usikhusela kwizifo ezahlukeneyo kunye neentsholongwane. Ke, namhlanje, kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngokuba yintoni le urothelium, indlela enceda ngayo impilo yomzimba wethu, kunye nezifo ezinokuchaphazela.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-urothelium?

Ngamafutshane, i-urothelium sisicwili esikhuselayo esingaphakathi kwendlela yethu yokuchama. Njengeplasta eludongeni, igubungela ingaphakathi kwenkqubo yethu yokuchama. Yenziwe ziingqimba ezininzi zeeseli. Umsebenzi ophambili wezi zingqimba zeeseli kukuthintela umchamo (okwabizwa ngokuba ngumchamo ) esiwukhuphayo emzimbeni wethu kunye neentsholongwane ezahlukeneyo ukuba zingangeni egazini lethu okanye kwezinye izicwili zomzimba.

Usenokuba uzibuza ukuba zingaphi ezinye iileya zezicubu emzimbeni. Ewe, yinyani leyo. Kodwa, le urothelium yi-`(epithelium)` ekhethekileyo kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba yi-cell lining. Umzekelo, ayifani nee-linings ezikwimiphunga okanye emathunjini ethu. Kufuneka zivumele izinto ezifana nezondlo kunye ne-oxygen zidlule. Kodwa, i-urothelium ayifuni ukwenza loo nto. Kodwa, inamandla akhethekileyo! Oko kukuthi, inokunwebeka kwaye inciphe rhoqo. Khawucinge nje, isinyi sakho siba sikhulu xa sigcwele umchamo, size sinciphe kwakhona xa singenanto? Ngelo xesha, le urothelium nayo iyanwebeka kwaye inciphe ngendlela efanayo, igcina umqobo wayo wokukhusela ngendlela efanayo. Ayimangalisi na?

Zeziphi iinkonzo ezinikezelwa yi-urothelium emizimbeni yethu?

Iinkonzo ezinikezelwa yile layer incinci yeeseli emizimbeni yethu aziyonto incinci. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezinto eziphambili:

• Ukukhusela amalungu ethu angaphakathi kumchamo: Khawucinge nje, umchamo wethu une-asidi encinci ngokwemvelo. Ukuba lo mchamo udibana ngqo neendawo ezibuthathaka ngaphakathi kuthi, njengemithambo yegazi kunye nemisipha, unokubangela umonakalo. Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili ye-urothelium kukusikhusela kuloo ngozi.
• Ukukhuselwa kwiintsholongwane: I-urothelium isebenza njengodonga lokuthintela iintsholongwane, ezifana neebhaktheriya, ukuba zingangeni emzimbeni ngendlela yomchamo, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-'Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)'.
• Ukunceda ngemiyalezo: Xa isinyi sakho sigcwele, uziva njani , "Ndifuna ukuchama ngoku?" Yileyo ndlela imithambo-luvo yethu esixelela ngayo ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwisinyi.Le urothelium ikwanceda ekuthumeleni imiyalezo kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
• Ukulawula ukwakheka komchamo: Kukwanceda ekulawuleni amanqanaba amanzi, iityuwa, kunye nezinye izinto kumchamo.
• Ubuchule bokunweba nokufinyela: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukuze isinyi sikwazi ukubamba imichamo eyahlukeneyo, kufuneka sinwebe size sifinyele. I-urothelium inika inkxaso ephezulu koku.

Ngamafutshane, i-urothelium ifana neqhawe elithuleyo elenza umsebenzi omkhulu, obalulekileyo kubomi obusempilweni benkqubo yethu yomchamo.

Iphi i-urothelium emzimbeni wethu?

I-urothelium ifumaneka kakhulu kwindlela yethu esezantsi yomchamo . Oko kukuthi:

• I-Renal pelvis: Umchamo ovela kwizintso uqala ukuqokelelana apha.
• Ii-ureters : Iityhubhu ezimbini ezithwala umchamo ukusuka kwizintso ukuya kwisinyi.
• Isinyi: Sonke siyazi njengengxowa eqokelela negcina umchamo.
• I-Urethra : Umbhobho othwala umchamo kwisinyi uphuma emzimbeni.

Umphezulu ongaphakathi wazo zonke ezi ndawo ugutyungelwe yile maleko ibizwa ngokuba yi-urothelium.

Zithini iileya ze-urothelium?

I-urothelium ayilomaleko omnye weeseli. Ingahlulwa ibe ziileya ezintathu eziphambili, nganye inomsebenzi othile.

1. Iiseli zesambrela ezingaphandle

Olu lulwelo lweeseli oluphezulu kwi-urothelium, icala elidibana nomchamo. Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"umbrella cells" . Oku kungenxa yokuba ezi seli zimile njengesambrela, kwaye iseli nganye yesambrela igubungela iiseli ezininzi kulwelo oluphakathi olungaphantsi kwayo.

Into ekhethekileyo ngezi sele ezizi-umbrella kukuba zinokutshintsha imo yazo. Xa isinyi sigcwele, ezi seli ziyathamba, kwaye xa isinyi singenanto, zibuyela kwimo yazo yokuqala. Ezi seli zibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo. Yiyo loo nto umchamo kunye neentsholongwane zingangeni emzimbeni.

Ukuba intsholongwane ingena ngengozi kule layer yomphezulu, ezi sambrela cells ziyafa zize ziqokeleleke kumchamo. Emva koko, zombini iiseli kunye neentsholongwane zikhutshwa emzimbeni kunye nomchamo. Kwakhona, kukho iiproteni ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'receptors' kule layer yomphezulu. Njenge-antenna. Ezi zinokulumkisa iiseli zethu zomzimba malunga neentsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni.

2. Umaleko ophakathi

Le yindawo ephakathi ye-urothelium. Inokuba neengqimba ezininzi zeeseli. Xa isinyi sigcwele, inani lale ngqimba liyancipha. Ezi seli ziphakathi zikhulu kuneeseli zesiseko ezingezantsi, kodwa zincinci kuneeseli zesambulela ezingentla. Ezi seli zidlala indima enkulu ekulungiseni i-urothelium ukuba yonakele . Zinokutshintsha neeseli zesambulela ukuba kuyimfuneko.

3. Umaleko osezantsi

Olu lulwelo oluphantsi kwe-urothelium. Oko kukuthi, ulwelo olukufutshane nezicubu zethu ezidityanisiweyo , izihlunu, kunye nemithambo yegazi. Ezi seli lolona hlobo luncinci lweseli kwi-urothelium. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukunceda ezinye iiseli kwi-urothelium ukuba ziphinde zizilungise. Njengeengcambu zesityalo, kulapho iiseli ezintsha zikhula khona.

Ziziphi izifo ezichaphazela i-urothelium?

Njengakwilungu ngalinye lomzimba wethu, i-urothelium inokuchaphazeleka ziimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Umhlaza: I-Urothelial carcinoma lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza oluvela kwisinyi. Ingaqali kuphela kwisinyi, kodwa nakwimiphetho yezintso, kwi-urethra, okanye kwi-ureters.
• I-Interstitial cystitis: Le yimeko ebonakaliswa ziintlungu ezingapheliyo, uxinzelelo, okanye ukungakhululeki kwisinyi. Oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba umonakalo kwi-urothelium unokukhokelela kule meko.
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba kwisinyi okanye ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo: Ngamanye amaxesha, ezinye iingxaki kwinkqubo yomchamo, ezinje ngamatye ezintso, zinokubangela utshintsho kwi-urothelium. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umzimba uthumele imiqondiso engalunganga yokukhupha isinyi. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuchameni rhoqo (isinyi esisebenza kakhulu) okanye ukuvuza komchamo ngokungazikhetheliyo (ukuvuza komchamo).

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezifo ezinxulumene ne-urothelium?

Ukuba kukho ingxaki echaphazela i-urothelium yakho, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Igazi kumchamo (hematuria): Umchamo ungabonakala ubomvu, upinki, okanye umdaka.
• Umchamo onamafu: Umchamo ongacacanga kwaye onombala onamafu.
• Intlungu yesisu: Ukuziva iintlungu esiswini esisezantsi.
• Ukuchama okubuhlungu okanye okuphindaphindiweyo: Ukutsha, iintlungu xa uchama , okanye imfuneko yokuchama rhoqo kunesiqhelo.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ngokuqinisekileyo kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo ezinokwenziwa ngugqirha wakho?

Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene ne-urothelium, ugqirha wakho unokwenza olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo zilandelayo:

• Uhlalutyo lomchamo: Oku kuhlola umchamo wakho ukuba awunazo na iiseli zegazi, iibhaktheriya, okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga.
• Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwezintso: Uvavanyo lwegazi okanye lomchamo lunokukunika umbono wokuba izintso zakho zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokubonelela ngolwazi malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
• I-Urethral swab: Ngamanye amaxesha kuthathwa isampuli yolwelo oluvela kwi-urethra luze luvavanywe.
• Uvavanyo lokucinga: Ukuze kufunyaniswe ngokuchanekileyo ezinye iimeko zonyango, kunokwenziwa uvavanyo olufana ne-ultrasound scan, i-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), okanye i-CT (computed tomography).

Ukongeza, ukuba kukho umhlaza okanye usulelo olurhanelwayo, isampuli yethishu (i-biopsy) inokuthathwa ize ivavanywe.

Ingaba kuqhelekile ukuba iiseli ze-urothelial zidlule nomchamo?

Ngamanye amaxesha ingxelo yakho yovavanyo lomchamo ingathi "kukho iiseli ze-urothelial." Musa ukoyika ukuba ubona oku. Kuqhelekile ukuba ezinye iiseli ze-urothelial zikhutshwe kunye nomchamo wakho. Kuba, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ezi seli ziyafa kwaye zichitheka ngokwemvelo.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho ezi seli zinokukhutshwa ngokugqithisileyo. Umzekelo:

• Ukuba kukho naluphi na umonzakalo (utyando kwinkqubo yomchamo, ukukhupha ilitye lezintso).
• Ukuba kukho usulelo.
• Ukuba kukho umhlaza okanye ukukhula okungenamhlaza (okungenabungozi).

Ukuba ingxelo ithi "iiseli ze-urothelial ezingabonakaliyo" okanye "ezibonakala zingalunganga", ayithethi kangako umhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unemibuzo malunga nengxelo yakho yovavanyo okanye ingxelo yesifo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho.

Yintoni i-dysplasia ye-urothelium yesinyi?

I-Dysplasia yimeko apho iiseli kwi-urothelium zibonakala zingaqhelekanga phantsi kwe-microscope. Oku akuthethi ukuba iiseli ziya kuba nomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, umntu onesi sifo unokuba nomngcipheko okhulayo wokuba nomhlaza kwixesha elizayo. Ke ngoko, ukuba oogqirha bayasifumanisa esi sifo, baya kusinika ingqalelo engakumbi.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Abantu abaninzi basenokuba abazange balive igama elithi "urothelium" ngaphambili. Kodwa ngoku uyazi ukuba libaluleke kangakanani kwaye liyimfuneko kangakanani inxalenye yomzimba wethu. Ezi seli zikhethekileyo zisikhusela kwiintsholongwane kunye nezinto eziyingozi kumchamo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene nenkqubo yakho yomchamo (umz., igazi kumchamo wakho, iintlungu xa uchama, ukuchama rhoqo), okanye ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nempilo yenkqubo yakho yomchamo, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo. Inkqubo yomchamo esempilweni ibalulekile kubomi obusempilweni!

I- Urothelium, Inkqubo yomchamo, Isinyi, Usulelo lomzila womchamo, I-UTI, Izintso, Ulwelo lweseli, Iimpawu zomchamo