Ngaba ufuna ukwazi ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-BAC (utywala egazini lakho)?

Sonke siyasela kancinci ngamanye amaxesha, akunjalo? Kodwa ngaba wakha wacinga ngendlela utywala obuselayo obuchaphazela ngayo umzimba wakho, ingakumbi ubungakanani obungena egazini lakho? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba 'ngumxholo wotywala egazini' okanye i-BAC. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, ngokulula.

Ingakanani le ngxaki yotywala egazini (BAC)?

Ngamafutshane, ubungakanani botywala egazini lakho yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yiBlood Alcohol Content (BAC) . Abanye abantu babiza oku ngokuthi 'linqanaba lotywala egazini'.

Utywala yinto enxilisayo kwizinto ezifana nebhiya, iwayini, kunye notywala esibuselayo. Ngokwesayensi, bubizwa ngokuba yi -ethyl alcohol, okanye i-ethanol . Xa usela isiselo esinxilisayo, utywala bungena egazini lakho ngokukhawuleza busuka esiswini sakho nasemathunjini amancinci.

Kodwa utywala bunjengetyhefu emizimbeni yethu. Yiyo loo nto isibindi sethu sisebenza ukucoca obu tywala size sibususe egazini lethu. Bufana nesihluzo.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba usela utywala ngokukhawuleza kunokuba isibindi sakho sinokubususa, inqanaba lotywala egazini lakho, okanye i-BAC, liyakhula. Kulapho uqala ukuziva 'uphezulu'. Sikwabiza oku ngokuba kukunxila .

Ngokomndilili, isibindi sethu sinokusebenzisa malunga nesiselo esinye ngeyure. Isiselo esinye sidla ngokuba malunga nee-ounces ezili-12 zebhiya, ii-ounces ezi-5 zewayini, okanye ii-ounces ezili-1.5 zotywala. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba umxholo wotywala kuhlobo ngalunye lwebhiya okanye iwayini unokwahluka.

Ziziphi izinto ezichaphazela i-BAC yakho?

Umxholo wakho wotywala egazini, okanye i-BAC, unokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele:

• Ubungakanani botywala obuselayo: Okukhona usela kakhulu, kokukhona i-BAC yakho iphezulu, kulula ngolo hlobo.
• Isantya osela ngaso: Ukuba usela ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, i-BAC yakho iya kunyuka ngokukhawuleza kuba isibindi sakho asinalo ixesha lokuyicubungula.
• Ubungakanani bokutya obutyileyo ngaphambi kokuba ukusele: Ukuba usela ungenanto esiswini, utywala bungena egazini ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba usela kunye nokutya, bulawulwa ngandlela thile.
• Ubudala bakho kunye nobunzima bakho: Abantu abancinci kunye nabo banobunzima obuphantsi badla ngokuchaphazeleka kakhulu butywala. Kwakhona, abafazi banokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwe-BAC yabo kunamadoda, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bamanzi namafutha abanawo emizimbeni yabo.

Athini amanqanaba e-BAC? Asichaphazela njani?

Utywala buyayithomalalisa inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo , nto leyo ethetha ukuba buchaphazela ingqondo yethu kunye nazo zonke ezinye izitho zomzimba wethu.

Ngoku makhe sijonge indlela amanqanaba e-BAC ahlukeneyo akuchaphazela ngayo ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo:

• I-BAC 0.0%:Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho tywala egazini lakho. Usele utywala ngokupheleleyo.
• I-BAC 0.02%: Kweli nqanaba, unokufumana utshintsho oluncinci kwimo yakho, ukuba nomsindo kancinci, kunye nokwehla kancinci kokugweba. Usenokuthetha ngakumbi.
• I-BAC 0.05%: Kweli nqanaba, ungaziva ukhululekile kancinci, nto leyo ethetha ukuba uxhalabile kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukugxininisa kwakho kunye nokugweba kwakho kuyaphazamiseka. Oku kuyingozi kwizinto ezifana nokuqhuba.
• I-BAC 0.08%: Lo ngumda osemthethweni wokuqhuba kumazwe amaninzi. Kweli nqanaba, amandla okulawula izinto ezifana namalungu omzimba ngokufanelekileyo, oko kukuthi, ukulungelelaniswa kwemisipha, ayancipha, kuba nzima ukubona ingozi, kwaye ukugweba kunye nokucinga okunengqiqo kuyaphazamiseka.
• I-BAC 0.10%: Kweli nqanaba, ixesha lokuphendula liyancipha, intetho iyadideka, kwaye isantya sokucinga siyancipha.
• I-BAC 0.15%: Kweli nqanaba, unokufumana utshintsho olukhulu kwimo yakho, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, kunye nokungakwazi ukulawula ezinye izihlunu.
• I-BAC 0.15% ukuya kwi-0.30%: Kolu luhlu, unokufumana ukudideka , ukuhlanza, kunye nokozela kakhulu.
• I-BAC 0.30% ukuya kwi-0.40%: Kolu luhlu, usengozini enkulu yokutyhefwa butywala . Oku kungaba yimeko esongela ubomi. Usenokude ulahlekelwe zingqondo.

Ingqalelo: Ukutyhefwa butywala yingxaki yezonyango. Ukuba umntu usele utywala obuninzi kwaye ubonakalisa ezi mpawu, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.

• Ukuba i-BAC yakho ingaphezulu kwe-0.40%: Eli linqanaba elinokubangela ukufa. Ungangena kwi-coma, uyeke ukuphefumla (ukuma kokuphefumla), kwaye ude ufe.

Ngaba singafunda nangokunganyamezelani notywala?

Kukho abantu abathi xa beqhubeka nokusela utywala, bangaziva 'benxilile' njengangaphambili, nangona besela umlinganiselo ofanayo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukunyamezela utywala .

Kodwa into ebalulekileyo apha kukuba nangona beziva 'bephezulu' kancinci, umxholo wotywala egazini labo (BAC) awunciphi. Oko kukuthi, kutshintsha kuphela indlela abaziva ngayo iziphumo zotywala. Ke ngoko, kunokuba yingozi ukucinga, 'Andiyi kuguliswa kukusela loo nto. '

Lufuneka nini uvavanyo lwe-BAC?

Ngoko ke, kufuneka nini ukwenza olu vavanyo lwe-BAC? Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo:

• Kwiimvavanyo zonyango: Umntu osele utywala obuninzi ngexesha elifutshane, nto leyo ebangela ukuba atyhefwe butywala.Oogqirha basebenzisa olu vavanyo ukufumanisa imeko efana nale. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini, ngoko ke ukufumanisa kwangoko kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukujonga iingxaki zokusetyenziswa kotywala: Ukuba umntu uxhomekeke kutywala kwaye ukwinkqubo yonyango, olu vavanyo lwe-BAC lunokusetyenziswa ukubona ukuba uyaqhubeka nokuyeka utywala.
• Uvavanyo lweNdawo yoMsebenzi: Eminye imibutho inokwenza olu vavanyo xa iqesha abasebenzi abatsha, rhoqo ngexesha lomsebenzi wayo, okanye ukuba kwenzeka ingozi emsebenzini, ukuze kubonwe ukuba basebenzise utywala na.
• Uvavanyo Lwezomthetho: Kukho amaxesha apho uvavanyo lwe-BAC lunokufuneka njengenxalenye yenkqubo yezomthetho. Umzekelo, lungasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka yobudala ubanjwe esela, ukufumanisa ukuba umntu useluvavanyweni, okanye ukufumanisa ukuba umntu unxilile ngokusemthethweni ngelixa eqhuba.

Uvavanyo lwe-BAC lwenziwa njani? Ngubani olwenzayo?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba ngubani owenza olu vavanyo lwe-BAC kwaye njani. Ngokwesiqhelo, lwenziwa ngumntu oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukutsala igazi. Sibabiza ngokuba zii-phlebotomists . Kodwa nawuphi na umsebenzi wezempilo oqeqeshwe ukutsala igazi angakwenza oku. Emva koko le sampuli yegazi ithunyelwa kwilabhoratri. Apho, izazinzulu zelabhoratri yezonyango zisebenzisa oomatshini abakhethekileyo (ii-analyzers) ukwenza olu vavanyo.

Nantsi into onokuyilindela xa unikela ngegazi:

• Uza kuhlaliswa esitulweni. Umsebenzi wezempilo uza kujonga iingalo zakho aze afumane umthambo olula wokukhupha igazi kuwo. Amaxesha amaninzi, kukhethwa umthambo ngaphakathi kwengqiniba.
• Emva kokufumana umthambo, indawo iyacocwa kakuhle kwaye kusetyenziswa isibulali-ntsholongwane.
• Emva koko kufakwa inaliti encinci emthanjeni wakho kwaye kuthathwa isampuli yegazi. Ngeli xesha, ungaziva ngathi ulunywa yimbovane encinci. Ungakhathazeki, kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela.
• Emva kokufaka inaliti, igazi elincinci liqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo.
• Emva kokuba isampuli yegazi ithathiwe, inaliti iyasuswa kwaye iqhekeza lekotoni okanye i-gauze libekwe kwindawo yokucoca ukuze kumiswe ukopha.
• Ekugqibeleni, kufakwa iplasta encinci kuloo ndawo. Yiyo loo nto, umsebenzi ugqityiwe!

Le nkqubo yonke idla ngokuthatha ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emihlanu.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo?

Emva kokuba umsebenzi wezempilo ethathe isampuli yegazi lakho, lithunyelwa kwilebhu. Nje ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zingenile, umntu oye wayalela uvavanyo (ugqirha okanye igosa elifanelekileyo) uya kukwazisa ngeziphumo.

Ngaba kukho iingozi zovavanyo lwe-BAC?

Uvavanyo lwegazi luyinto eqhelekileyo kwicandelo lezonyango. Akukho mingcipheko mikhulu ebandakanyekayo. Usenokuziva unesilonda okanye utyumkile kancinci apho igazi litsalwe khona. Kodwa oko kuya kuphola ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke akukho nto inokubangela ixhala.

Zithini iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-BAC?

Iziphumo zengxelo yakho yovavanyo lwe-BAC zinokuvela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwilabhoratri eyenze uvavanyo.

Amaxesha amaninzi, iziphumo zinikwa njengepesenti yotywala egazini (ipesenti ye-BAC). Umzekelo, i-0.03% ye-BAC .

Ngamanye amaxesha ingachazwa njengeegram nge-milliliter (g/mL). Ngoko ke, xa kuthathwa umzekelo ofanayo, isiphumo sinokuba yi -0.03 g/100 mL .

Ezinye iingxelo zinokuthi 'zilungile' okanye 'zimbi'. Oku kuthetha ukuba mhlawumbi ubunalo utywala egazini lakho okanye ubungenalo.

Okubalulekileyo kukuba, ixesha lovavanyo lwe-BAC linokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kweziphumo. Olu vavanyo lwegazi luchaneke kakhulu kwiiyure ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 emva kokusela kwakho kokugqibela. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga neziphumo zakho, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, igqwetha.

Ithini imida ye-BAC esemthethweni?

Kumazwe amaninzi, umda osemthethweni wokuqhuba utywala kubaqhubi abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-21 okwangoku yi -0.08% BAC . Kwezinye iindawo, lo mda unokuba phantsi njenge-0.05% BAC. Njengakwimithetho yonke, le mida isemthethweni inokutshintsha.

ESri Lanka, ukuqhuba uphantsi kwempembelelo yotywala akuvumelekanga kwaphela. Ukuba ufunyenwe uphantsi kwempembelelo yotywala kuvavanyo lwe-breathalyzer, olusetyenziswa ngamapolisa, lulwaphulo-mthetho oluya kuhlawuliswa. Ke ngoko, kungcono ukungaqhubi ukuba usele, endaweni yokuzibuza ukuba 'yintoni umda?'

Kwabo baneminyaka yobudala evumelekileyo yokusela, ukusela ngokulinganisela kusenokungabi yingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usela utywala obuninzi ngexesha elifutshane, okanye ukuba usela utywala obuninzi rhoqo, usenokuba ubeka impilo yakho emngciphekweni. Ukuba uneengxaki malunga nemikhwa yakho yokusela, bona ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali. Kunye, ninokwenza isicwangciso sokuphucula imikhwa yenu kunye nempilo yenu.

Khumbula njengesishwankathelo

Kulungile, masikhumbule izinto ezibalulekileyo koko sithethe ngako:

• Umthamo wotywala egazini (BAC) lizinga lotywala egazini lakho. Xa lusanda, luchaphazela izinto ezifana nokugweba kwakho kunye nokulawula umzimba.
• Utywala esibuselayo bucutshungulwa sisibindi sethu. Ukuba sisela ngokukhawuleza kunokuba isibindi sinokubucutshungulwa, i-BAC yethu iya kwanda.
• Nangona abanye abantu beye bangakwazi ukunyamezela utywala , akuthethi ukuba i-BAC yabo iphantsi. Kuphela nje ukuba imvakalelo yemiphumo iyatshintsha.
• Ukuqhuba uphantsi kwempembelelo yotywala kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngokomthetho waseSri Lanka, lulwaphulo-mthetho olufanele luhlaziywe.
• Ityhefu yotywalaKuthetha imeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi.
• Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela i-BAC, kuquka ukuba usela kangakanani, ukuba usela ngokukhawuleza kangakanani, nokuba utya ntoni, ubudala bakho, kunye nobunzima bakho.
• Ukuba kunzima ukulawula indlela osela ngayo utywala, ungabi nazintloni, funa ingcebiso kugqirha. Buluncedo kakhulu kwimpilo yakho.

Utywala bunokuba yinto emnandi ukubusela. Kodwa ukuba usela kakhulu, bunokuba yingozi ebomini bakho nakwabanye abantu. Kungoko ke, kubalulekile ukusela ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Umthamo wotywala egazini , i-BAC, utywala, ukunxila, isibindi, uvavanyo lotywala, umda osemthethweni