Masifunde ngokubeleka okuqhelekileyo? (Ukubeleka Kwangasese)

Ukuba sele uza kuba ngumama, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nemibuzo kunye neenkxalabo. Ingakumbi malunga nokuzala. Umbuzo omkhulu abantu abaninzi abanawo ngulo, "Ngaba ndiza kuba nomntwana oqhelekileyo?". Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba ukuzala okuqhelekileyo, okanye njengoko sikubiza ngokwezonyango, "Ukuzalwa Kwangasese", kukuthi kwenzeka njani, kwaye zithini izibonelelo kunye neengxaki zako. Masifunde konke oku ngokulula, ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo wakho osenyongweni.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukubeletha ngesisu?

Ngamafutshane, ukuzala kwilungu lobufazi kwenzeka xa umama ebeletha umntwana wakhe emhlabeni ngelungu lobufazi lakhe. Le yindlela eqhelekileyo neyokwemvelo yokuzala emhlabeni. Okwenzekayo kukuba isibeleko sakho sinciphe (njengeqela leemisipha eziqina) kwaye umlomo wesibeleko sakho (umlomo wesibeleko) uncipha kwaye uvuleke. Emva koko, ngaloo nto, umntwana uphuma ngelungu lobufazi (elikwabizwa ngokuba ngumjelo wokuzala).

Oogqirha ngokubanzi bakhetha ukubeleka kwilungu lobufazi kuba yindlela ekhuselekileyo kumama nakumntwana . Olu hlobo lokubeleka ludla ngokuvela phakathi kweeveki ezingama-37 nezingama-42.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le ndlela?

Kuqheleke kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga. Umzekelo, eMelika kuphela, bekukho abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2.5 abazalwa ngesini ngo-2020. Yiyo loo nto ingama-68% abo bonke abazalwa apho. Ehlabathini lonke, eli nani limalunga nama-80%. Ngoko ke ungabona ukuba oku kuqheleke kangakanani.

Ziziphi iintlobo zokuzala kwilungu lobufazi?

Kukwakho neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuzala kwilungu lobufazi. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Ukuzala Kwangasese Okuzenzekelayo: Oku kukuzalwa kwendalo okwenzeka ngaphandle koncedo lwangaphandle, oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amayeza okubangela ukuzala. Oku kwenzeka uninzi lwexesha.

2. Ukuzalwa Kwangasese Okubangelwa Yintlungu: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ukubeletha kulibaziseka, okanye ukuba umama okanye umntwana kufuneka abelethe umntwana kwangethuba ngenxa yesizathu esithile sempilo, oogqirha baya kuqala ukubeletha baze balungiselele umlomo wesibeleko ngokunika amayeza okanye ezinye iindlela . Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Labor Induction)`.

3. Ukuncedisa Ukubeletha Kwangasese: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umntwana ulibaziseka ekuphumeni nangona umama emtyhala, okanye ukuba umntwana uneengxaki ezithile, oogqirha basebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo (njenge-forceps okanye isixhobo sokucoca) ukunceda ekubelekeni umntwana . Oku kungenziwa ngexesha lokubeletha okuzenzekelayo okanye ngexesha lokubeletha okubangelwayo.

Zithini izigaba zokuzala? Kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye?

Ukuzalwa kwesibeleko kungahlulwahlulwa zibe ngamanqanaba amathathu aphambili: Ukuzala, Ukuzalwa, kunye nokuzala iPlacenta. Makhe sijonge ngalinye lala manqanaba ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

1. Umsebenzi

Eli linqanaba lokuqala nelihlala lide. Liqala xa isibeleko sakho siqala ukufinyela (sithi "iintlungu ziyeza"). Eli nqanaba liphela xa isibeleko sakho sivuleke ngokupheleleyo ukuya kwiisentimitha ezili-10 (sithi sisusiwe ngokupheleleyo).

Usuku lweveki lwahlulwe ngakumbi lwaba ziinxalenye ezintathu:

• Ukuqala Kwentlungu: Eli lixesha apho intlungu iqala ukwenzeka kwaye umlomo wesibeleko uqala ukuvula kancinci kancinci (ukwandiswe) uze ube mncane (uqhekeke). Ekupheleni kwesi sigaba, umlomo wesibeleko usenokuba ude wande kangangeesentimitha ezi-5. Le ntlungu ayinzima kwaye iya kuphela emva kwexesha elithile.
• Umsebenzi Osebenzayo: Kulapho intlungu iba qatha ngakumbi. Ukuxinana kunokuhlala malunga nomzuzu, okanye kunokubakho rhoqo emva kwemizuzu emithathu . Oomama abaninzi bakufumanisa kunzima ukunyamezela intlungu, ngoko ke bacela uncedo lokunciphisa iintlungu, njenge-epidural. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banokukunika iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-Oxytocin (usenokuba ukhe weva ngePitocin®) ukuze kukhawuleziswe ukuzala.
• Ukubeletha Okuguqukayo: Eli lixesha elifutshane kakhulu, kodwa elinzima kakhulu, lokubeleka ngaphambi kokuba umlomo wesibeleko sakho uvuleke ngokupheleleyo ukuya kwiisentimitha ezili-10. Intlungu ingafika ngokukhawuleza, phantse rhoqo, kwaye inokuhlala ixesha elingaphezu komzuzu. Usenokuziva ubila, uhlanza, kwaye ungcangcazele ngeli xesha. Oku kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutyhala.

2. Ukuzalwa

Eli nqanaba liqala xa umlomo wesibeleko sakho uvulekile kangangeesentimitha ezili-10. Liphela xa umntwana wakho ephume ngokupheleleyo kwisini sakho. Ngeli nqanaba, uya kuba nokushwabana okunamandla kakhulu, kwaye uya kuziva unqwenela ukutyhala umntwana wakho . Kusenokuvakala ngathi uya kwigumbi lokuhlambela. Ukuba ukhe waba ne-epidural, abasebenzi bezonyango baya kukunceda utyhale kuba iintlungu ziya kuba ncinci, kwaye baya kukuxelela ukuba utyhale nini. Eli nqanaba lingathatha imizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ngokwesiqhelo, eli nqanaba liya kuhamba ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukhe waba nomntwana ngaphambili.

3. Ukuhambisa iPlacenta

Eli linqanaba lokugqibela lokubeleka. Sikwalibiza ngokuba yi-"Afterbirth." Liqala emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe lize liphele xa i-placenta iphume ngokupheleleyo. Ugqirha uza kukucela ukuba utyhale kabini okanye kathathu ngaphezulu. Oku kungaqala emva kwemizuzu embalwa emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe kwaye kuqhubeke malunga nemizuzu engama-30.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, ukuzalwa kwabantu akufani.. Olu lwazi lwahlukile kumntu wonke. Zininzi izinto ezinokuchaphazela ukuba ukuzala kwakho kuya kuba bude okanye bufutshane. Umzekelo, ukuba ufumana i-epidural, uya kuziva iintlungu ezincinci kunomntu ongazivayo. Kwakhona, ukuba lo ngumntwana wakho wokuqala, ukuzala kungathatha ixesha elide. Izinto ezinje ngobukhulu bomntwana, indawo okuyo, kunye nokuba umlomo wakho wesibeleko ukhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani zonke ezi zinto zinokuchaphazela oku.

Zithini iingozi zokubeletha okuqhelekileyo?

Ukubeletha ngesini kudla ngokuba yeyona ndlela ingenabungozi kangako. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iingxaki zinokubakho. Ezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Ukungaphumeleli ukuqhubela phambili: Oku kwenzeka xa ukuzala kuhamba kancinci okanye kuyeka, okanye umlomo wesibeleko ungavulekanga ngokupheleleyo. Kwimeko enjalo, oogqirha baya kuzama ukukhuthaza ukudumba ngokunika i-Oxytocin.
• Isantya sentliziyo yomntwana ongekazalwa esingaqhelekanga: Ukuba intloko yomntwana okanye intambo yomntwana icinezelwe, isantya sentliziyo yomntwana sinokwehla.
• Ukopha: Ukopha kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha okusongela ubomi ngexesha okanye emva kokubeleka. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kopha kunokuqhubeka iiyure ezininzi emva kokubeleka. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Postpartum hemorrhage".
• Iinyembezi zesini: Izicubu ezijikeleze isini kunye ne-anus zinokukrazuka njengoko umntwana ephuma. Ixesha lokuphiliswa liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bezi inyembezi.
• I-Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): Amahlwili egazi anokwenziwa kwimithambo yemilenze okanye yepelvis emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokubeleka.
• I-Postpartum preeclampsia: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kumama emva kokubeleka .

Ezi zinto azenzeki kuwo wonke umntu, kodwa kulungile ukuzazi. Iqela lakho lezonyango liqeqeshwe ukulawula naziphi na iimeko ezinjalo.

Kunini apho ukuzala kungafanelekanga khona?

Nangona ukubeleka kwilungu lobufazi kudla ngokuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo, kukho amaxesha apho kunokuba yingozi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe utyando lotyando (utyando lwe-C). Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• Ukuba umntwana ukwindawo yokugquma okanye enqamlezileyo .
• Ukuba une-placenta ephantsi (`(Placenta previa)`) okanye enye ingxaki nge-placenta.
• Ukuba unezilonda kwindawo yesini ngenxa yosulelo olungenanyango oludluliselwa ngesondo, umzekelo, intsholongwane ye-herpes simplex .
• Ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo (umz. isifo sentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) kwaye oogqirha bakho bafumanise ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ubelethe ngendlela eqhelekileyo.

Zithini iingenelo zokubeleka ngesisu?

Kukho iingenelo ezininzi kumama nakumntwana ngokubeleka kwilungu lobufazi.

Iingenelo kumama:

• Ixesha elifutshane lokuchacha: Ungachacha ngokukhawuleza kunokuba utyando lwe-cesarean.
• Ukuncancisa kuqala ngokukhawuleza: Ukuncancisa ngokuqhelekileyo kunokuqaliswa ngokukhawuleza nangokulula.
• Kukho amathuba amancinci okuba neengxaki xa ukhulelwe kwixesha elizayo.

Iingenelo zomntwana:

• Amathuba amancinci ezifo zokuphefumla: Imiphunga yomntwana incedwa ukuba ikhuphe ulwelo njengoko ludlula kumjelo wokuzalwa.
• Inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba isebenza ngcono: Ukuzikhusela komzimba komntwana kuyaphucuka njengoko efumana iintsholongwane eziluncedo kumjelo wokuzalwa.
• Kukho indawo engakumbi yokuncancisa.

Ngaba ukuzala okuqhelekileyo kubuhlungu?

Ewe, inokuba buhlungu. Kodwa wonke umntu uva intlungu ngendlela eyahlukileyo . Abanye abantu banokuyifumana inyamezeleka, ngelixa abanye banokuyifumana inzima kakhulu.

Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba, zininzi iindlela zokukunceda ulawule iintlungu zakho. Abanye abantu bafumana i-epidural block. I-epidural iyenza buhlungu umqolo wakho ongezantsi, ukuze uzive iintlungu zingabi ninzi. Kukwakho nezinye iindlela zokunciphisa iintlungu, ezifana nokuzilolonga ukuphefumla kunye nokuphulula. Ungathetha nogqirha wakho ukuze agqibe ukuba yeyiphi indlela yokulawula iintlungu efanelekileyo kuwe.

Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kokubeleka?

Emva kokuba nomntwana, umzimba nengqondo yakho inokutshintsha izinto ezininzi. Ezi zizinto eziqhelekileyo:

• Ukuqhina (`(Ukuqhina)`) .
• Amabele avuvukileyo, ubisi olupheleleyo (`(Amabele axineneyo)`) .
• Intlungu kunye nobuhlungu obujikeleze i-vagina , ingakumbi ukuba kukho iinyembezi.
• Ukuba neemvakalelo ezahlukeneyo, ukucaphuka lula, okanye ukuziva ulusizi (`(Ukutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo)`) .
• Ukopha kwangasese (`(ukopha kwangasese)`) . Oku kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa.
• IiHemorrhoids (`(iiHemorrhoids)`) .
• Utshintsho kwiihomoni lunokubangela intloko ebuhlungu, ubushushu obuphezulu, kunye nokubila .
• Intlungu esezantsi kwesisu (`(Iintlungu ezibuhlungu)`) Olu hlobo lwentlungu lunokwenzeka xa isibeleko siphinda sincipha.
• Ukuphuma kolwelo oluphuma kwilungu lobufazi olubizwa ngokuba yi-lochia . Olu lulwelo olunegazi, iziqwenga zezicubu kunye ne-mucus.

Abanye abantu banokuba "ne-baby blues," okanye uxinezeleko okanye ixhala emva kokuzalwa. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ulusizi kwaye ulila kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokufumana umntwana ngenxa yotshintsho lweehomoni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usaziva ulusizi, uxhalabile, okanye unengxaki yokulawula iimvakalelo zakho emva kweeveki okanye iinyanga, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.Kukho unyango lwayo, akufuneki ubandezeleke wedwa.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha emva kokubeleka okuqhelekileyo?

Oku kuyahluka kumntu nomntu. Kodwa kudla ngokuthatha ixesha elincinci ukuphola emva kokubeleka kwisini kunaxa ubelekwe ngotyando. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela ukuba uphola ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Enye kukuba ingaba isini sakho sikrazukile na, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, sinzima kangakanani na. Ukuba ukrazukile kwaye ufuna ukuthungwa, usenokuba buhlungu kangangeeveki ezimbalwa. Usenokuziva iintlungu xa usiya kwigumbi lokuhlambela, uhleli, ume, okanye usenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ukudumba nokurhawuzelela okujikeleze isidlele kuqhelekile.

Nokuba i-vagina ikrazukile okanye ayikrazukile, uninzi lwabantu luya kuba nokudumba, ukukrweleka, kunye nobuhlungu ngokubanzi kwindawo ye-vagina kangangeveki okanye ezimbini. Oku kunokukhululeka ngokuyigalela ngamanzi abandayo okanye ukusebenzisa ii-cooling sanitary pads.

Ukuphuma kwegazi kuthatha ixesha elingakanani emva kokubeleka?

Oku kuyahluka kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu bangopha ixesha elincinci kunabanye. Kuqhelekile ukopha ngexesha lotyelelo lwakho emva kokubeleka emva kweeveki ezimbalwa emva kokuzala umntwana wakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukopha kuyanda ngokuhamba kwexesha, okanye ukuba wopha kakhulu kangangokuba ugcwalisa i-sanitary pad emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, bona ugqirha.

Ungabelana ngesondo ixesha elingakanani emva kokubeleka okuqhelekileyo?

Oogqirha abaninzi bacebisa ukuba ulinde ubuncinane iiveki ezintandathu, okanye ubuncinane ude uhlolwe ngugqirha wakho, ngaphambi kokuba wenze isondo. Oku kunika umzimba wakho ixesha lokuphola, kwaye ugqirha wakho unokujonga ukuba isitho sakho sangasese siphilile na. Kwakhona, kufuneka ucinge ngocwangciso losapho kunye nokukhulelwa kwixesha elizayo ngaphambi kokuba wenze isondo kwakhona. Khumbula ukuba ungakhulelwa kwakhona nokuba awuzange ube sexesheni, nokuba sele ufumene umntwana.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukulungiselela ukuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo?

Ungazama ukuzilungiselela ngokwenza isicwangciso sokuzalwa. Kodwa, akukho mntu unokuqikelela ngokwenene ukuba kuza kwenzeka ntoni xa ixesha lifika . Ukuzalwa ngakunye kwahlukile. Kungaluncedo ukuthetha neqabane lakho, usapho, abahlobo kunye nogqirha malunga neminqweno namathemba akho. Ukubuza imibuzo kwangaphambili kunye nokwaziswa kunokukunceda wazi ukuba ulindele ntoni.

Ndimele ndibuze ntoni kugqirha wam malunga nokuzala okuqhelekileyo?

Kunokuba nzima ukwazi ukuba ulindele ntoni ekuzalweni okuqhelekileyo, ingakumbi ukuba awukaze ube nomntwana ngaphambili. Nokuba ukhe waba nomntwana ngokwendalo ngaphambili, ukuzalwa ngakunye kwahlukile.

Imibuzo efana nale idla ngokubuzwa:

• Zithini iingozi zokubeletha okuqhelekileyo?
• Ndingazi njani xa kufuneka ndityhale ?
• Nciphisa umngcipheko wokukrazuka kwelungu lam lobufazi.Ndingenza ntoni?
• Ndingayazi njani ukuba iholide iqalile?
• Ndingaya nini esibhedlele?
• Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha emva kokuzala okuqhelekileyo?
• Ngaba kukho into endinokuyenza ukwandisa amathuba okuba ndibeleke ngendlela eqhelekileyo?

Ukongeza kule mibuzo, ungoyiki ukubuza nantoni na engqondweni yakho, nokuba incinci kangakanani na.

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku.

Ukuzisa umntwana emhlabeni ngamava amahle, atshintsha ubomi. Asikuko konke ukukhulelwa kunye nokuzala okufanayo. Ukuzala kwilungu lobufazi yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokufumana umntwana. Nangona kunokuba nzima ukwazi ukuba kuya kuba njani de ube nakho, ungalungiselela ngokuthetha nogqirha wakho, ubuze imibuzo, kwaye uxelelwe. Ukuzala kwilungu lobufazi ngokubanzi akunangozi kwaye kuyaphumelela kakhulu. Iqela lakho lezonyango liqeqeshwe ukukunceda ulawule naziphi na iingxaki kwaye wamkele umntwana ophilileyo emhlabeni. Ngoko ke, phumla kwaye ulungiselele eli thuba lihle!

Ukuzala Okuqhelekileyo , Ukuzala Kwangasese, Ukuzala, Ukukhulelwa, Ukuzala, Emva Kokubeletha, Umama Nomntwana