Zithini ezi veins eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emzimbeni wethu? Masifunde nge veins ngendlela elula!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zeziphi ezo veins eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezingaphantsi kolusu lwakho kwaye zenzani? Ngamanye amaxesha unokuzibona xa ujonga iingalo okanye imilenze yakho, akunjalo? Ezo veins zezo siza kuthetha ngazo namhlanje. Ziyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi, ebalulekileyo ekujikelezeni kwegazi. Enyanisweni, i-75% yegazi emzimbeni wakho ikwizi veins. Akumangalisi oko?

Ngoko ke zithini ezi veins?

Ngamafutshane, imithambo yegazi luhlobo lomthambo wegazi ohamba emzimbeni wakho wonke. Umsebenzi wawo ophambili kukuqokelela igazi elingenaoksijini kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba lize libuyisele entliziyweni. Cinga ngako, iiseli emzimbeni wethu zisebenzisa ioksijini ukuze zisebenze. Xa oko kusetyenziswa, igazi eliseleyo elingenaoksijini kufuneka libuyiselwe entliziyweni ukuze licocwe. Yiloo nto eyenziwa yimithambo yegazi. Le mithambo yegazi, kunye neminye imithambo yegazi kunye nentliziyo, ivumela igazi lethu ukuba lihambe emzimbeni wethu wonke.

Luhlobo luni lwegazi elihamba emithanjeni? Ingaba lahlukile kwimithambo yegazi?

Ewe, kukho umahluko omkhulu apha. Imithambo yegazi ikakhulu ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi . Oko kukuthi, igazi elithwala umoya-mpilo omninzi lisuka entliziyweni lisiya emzimbeni wonke. Nangona kunjalo, imithambo yegazi, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi . Nangona kunjalo, kukho into enye eyahlukileyo koku, ekwimeko ekhethekileyo. Kwaye leyo yimithambo yegazi yemiphunga . Le ifumaneka phakathi kwentliziyo yakho nemiphunga yakho. Le mithambo yegazi yemiphunga emine ibuyisela igazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi eliqokelelwe emiphungeni entliziyweni. Emva koko intliziyo ipompa elo gazi libuyele emzimbeni wonke. Uyaqonda?

Zithini ezi veins (iiVenule)?

IiVenule zincinci kakhulu, zincinci kakhulu, zimithambo yegazi. Zifana neendlela ezincinci ezidibana nemithambo yethu emikhulu. Le mithambo idibanisa igazi elivela kwii-capillaries ezintle kakhulu emzimbeni wethu nemithambo emikhulu. Kukwii-capillaries apho ioksijini inikwa khona kwiiseli zethu kwaye imveliso yenkunkuma kunye ne-carbon dioxide yongezwa egazini. Elo gazi lineoksijini encinci kunye nemveliso yenkunkuma liphuma ngemithambo ukuya kwimithambo, kwaye ukusuka apho libuyela entliziyweni. Nangona le mithambo ibanzi kancinci kunee-capillaries, incinci kakhulu kunemithambo. Kuthiwa incinci ngokuphindwe ka-16 kunemithambo eqhelekileyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene kwimithambo yegazi?

Imithambo ineenjongo ezimbini eziphambili: 1. Ukuqokelela igazi elingenaoksijini emzimbeni wonke lize libuyiselwe entliziyweni. 2. Ukuthwala igazi elineoksijini lisuka emiphungeni liyise entliziyweni. (Yimithambo yemiphunga kuphela eyenza oku, uyakhumbula?) Ngoko ke, umsebenzi womthambo ngamnye uxhomekeke kwindawo okhoyo emzimbeni. Uthungelwano oluntsonkothileyo lwale mithambo lubizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yemithambo .

Yintoni le nkqubo yemithambo yegazi?

Inkqubo yemithambo yegazi yinethiwekhi yemithambo-luvo emzimbeni wakho, kunye nendlela edibana ngayo neminye imithambo yegazi kunye namalungu omzimba. Yahlulwe yaba ziisekethe ezimbini eziphambili: 1. Isekethe yenkqubo 2. Isekethe yemiphunga Cinga ngayo njengomzila womdyarho. Imoto yomdyarho kufuneka ihambe ngesekethe epheleleyo. Kodwa ayinakuqhubeka isebenza ngaphandle kokufaka amafutha kwaye ingenzi ulondolozo oluncinci. Yindlela esebenza ngayo igazi lethu. Igazi nalo kufuneka lizaliswe yioksijini kwaye lisuswe kwimveliso yenkunkuma efana nekhabhoni diokside. Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba oku kwenzeka njani. Okokuqala, makhe sijonge isekethe yenkqubo . Le yisekethe enkulu ehamba emzimbeni wakho, ukusuka ezingalweni zakho ukuya emilenzeni yakho. 1. Igazi elicocekileyo, elineoksijini eyaneleyo liphuma entliziyweni lize liye kwimithambo-luvo. 2. Imithambo-luvo yahlukana yaba yimijelo emincinci, ebizwa ngokuba yi-arterioles, kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe yi-capillaries. 3. Kwi-capillaries, igazi lihambisa ioksijini kwizicubu zomzimba, kwaye lisusa iimveliso zenkunkuma kunye nekhabhoni diokside apho. 4. Ngoku igazi liphantsi kwioksijini kwaye liphezulu kwimveliso yenkunkuma. Ngoko ke kufuneka "lifakwe amandla" kwakhona. 5. Eli gazi liqokelelana kwiivenule, lize lisuke apho liye kwimithambo. 6. Imithambo ibuyisela eli gazi lingena entliziyweni ngemithambo emibini emikhulu. Le yi -vena cava ephezulu kunye ne-vena cava engaphantsi . Kulungile, ngoku ekubeni igazi lifikelele entliziyweni, umjikelo womzimba ugqityiwe. Okulandelayo kufuneka siqhubekele kwisekethe yamaphaphu . 1. Kule sekethe, igazi elingena-oksijini elingene entliziyweni liya emiphungeni. 2. Emiphungeni, igazi liphinda lifakwe i-oksijini (njengokugcwaliswa). 3. Igazi elicocekileyo nelicebileyo ngeoksijini libuyela entliziyweni ngemithambo yamaphaphu . (Eli lixesha kuphela apho imithambo ithwala igazi elicebileyo ngeoksijini!) 4. Intliziyo emva koko ipompa eli gazi licocekileyo libuyele kwisekethe yenkqubo, iqale umjikelo omtsha. Ayisiyondlela imangalisayo na le? Konke oku kwenzeka rhoqo, ngaphandle kokuma, ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu.

Ijongeka njani imithambo yegazi? Kutheni ibonakala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Imithambo yakho yinethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi ehamba emzimbeni wakho. Isasazeke njengentambo ngaphakathi kwikhompyutha, okanye njengamasebe omthi ojonge ezantsi. Emilenzeni yakho, ifana namasebe amabini amakhulu ahluma abe ngamasebe amaninzi amancinci. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba imithambo iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuba ibukeka iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phantsi kolusu lwethu. Kodwa oko akuyonyani. Yileyo indlela amehlo ethu ayibona ngayo.

Igazi elikwimithambo yegazi libomvu bumnyama. Limnyama kancinci kunegazi elikwimithambo yegazi, kuba igazi elikwimithambo yegazi lineoksijini encinci. Isizathu sokuba libonakale liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phantsi kolusu lwethu kungenxa yendlela ulusu lwethu olufunxa ngayo ukukhanya. Igazi lihlala libomvu, kwimithambo yegazi nakwimithambo yegazi.

Zenziwe ngantoni imithambo yegazi?

Umthambo ngamnye wenziwe ngamaleya amathathu aphambili ezicubu:

• I-Tunica adventitia: Le yilaphu engaphandle. Inika umthambo imo kunye nolwakhiwo lwawo.
• I-Tunica media: Le yi-lead ephakathi. Iqulethe iiseli zemisipha ezigudileyo. Le lead inceda umthambo ukuba wande kwaye unciphe njengoko igazi lihamba.
• I-Tunica intima: Le yilaphu elingaphakathi neligudileyo. Iqulethe uhlobo oluthile lweseli olubizwa ngokuba zii-endothelial cells . Ezi seli zivumela igazi ukuba lihambe ngemithambo yegazi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

Imithambo yegazi ikwanazo neengqimba ezintathu, kodwa imithambo yegazi yahlukile kwimithambo yegazi ngeendlela ezithile.

• Iivalvu ezijonga indlela enye: Eminye imithambo, ingakumbi leyo isemilenzeni, ineevalvu ezivumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela . Ezi valve zigcina igazi lihamba ngendlela ethe ngqo ukuya entliziyweni kwaye zithintele ukuba lingahambi libuyele umva. Xa ezi valve zonakele, igazi linokujika libuyele umva, nto leyo ebangela iimeko ezifana nemithambo erhabaxa .
• Ubukhulu beendonga: Iindonga zemithambo zincinci kuneendonga zemithambo, kwaye zinemisipha embalwa. Oku kungenxa yokuba uxinzelelo lwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo luphantsi kunelo lungaphakathi kwemithambo. Ngenxa yoko, akufuneki zibe nkulu kangako ukuze zimelane noxinzelelo olo.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zemithambo yegazi?

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zemithambo enceda inkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi isebenze ngokufanelekileyo: 1. Imithambo enzulu: Le ikwimisipha yethu kunye namathambo ethu. Le mithambo enzulu yenza owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo wokubuyisela igazi elingenaoksijini entliziyweni. Malunga ne-90% yegazi eliya entliziyweni, ingakumbi elivela emilenzeni yakho, lidlula kule mithambo inzulu. Le ineevalvu endizikhankanyileyo ngaphambili ezivumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela. 2. Imithambo engaphezulu: Le idla ngokuba mincinci kunemithambo enzulu. Njengemithambo enzulu, ikwanazo neevalvu. Kodwa ayijikelezwanga zimisipha njengemithambo enzulu. Endaweni yoko, ifumaneka phantsi nje kolusu. Yiyo loo nto unokuzibona ngokulula. Le yimithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oyibonayo phantsi kolusu lweengalo zakho nemilenze. Le mithambo engaphezulu iqokelela igazi kwizicubu ezikufutshane nolusu kwaye ilithumele kwimithambo enzulu (ngemithambo ekhethekileyo edibanisayo). Kodwa eli gazi lihamba kancinci, kuba alifumani xinzelelo kwimisipha ejikelezileyo. Umthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wethu ngumthambo ongaphezulu. Ubizwa ngokuba yi-vein enkulu ye-saphenous . Uhamba ukusuka eqakaleni lakho uye ethangeni lakho kumlenze ngamnye. 3. Imithambo egqobhozayo: Le ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yimithambo egqobhozayo. Le yimithambo emifutshane kakhulu. Ithatha igazi kwimithambo engaphezulu ize ilidibanise nemithambo enzulu. Le mithambo igqobhozayo ikwanazo neevalvu. Xa izihlunu zakho zethole ziqina, ezi valve ziyavaleka. Emva koko igazi elivela kwimithambo enzulu liyayeka ukubuyela kwimithambo engaphezulu.

Igazi lihamba njani ngemithambo yegazi? Intliziyo ayipompi ngokwaneleyo?

Nangona intliziyo ipompa igazi, lingena kwimithambo yegazi. Ukuze igazi elikwimithambo yegazi libuyele entliziyweni, kufuneka uncedo lwamandla angaphandle.

• Indlela ophefumla ngayo: Xa uphefumla, imiphunga yakho iyakhula kwaye i-diaphragm yakho iya phezulu nasezantsi. Oku kudala amandla okufunxa anceda ekutyhaleni igazi elingenaoksijini emithanjeni yakho libuyele entliziyweni yakho.
• Intshukumo yemisipha: Ingakumbi imisipha emilenzeni yakho! Ubusazi ukuba imisipha emilenzeni yakho inceda ekupompeni igazi nxamnye nomxhuzulane, yiyo loo nto imisipha emilenzeni yakho ibizwa ngokuba "yintliziyo yesibini."

Yintoni le "ntliziyo yesibini"?

Usenokungazi, kodwa izihlunu ezisemlenzeni wakho ongezantsi, ingakumbi izihlunu ezisesinqeni sakho, zisebenza njengeempompo ezinamandla. Zityhala imithambo enzulu esemlenzeni wakho ongezantsi. Le "ntliziyo yesibini" (intliziyo engaphandle) iqalisa ukusebenza ngalo lonke ixesha uthatha inyathelo.

• Xa ubeka unyawo lwakho emhlabeni, ubunzima bomzimba wakho bubeka uxinzelelo kwimithambo enzulu emilenzeni yakho engezantsi. Igazi elingaphakathi kwezo mithambo liyanyuswa liye kwindawo yesinqe.
• Emva koko, xa uphakamisa izithende zakho , izihlunu zakho zethole ziyaqina, zicinezele imithambo enzulu apho. Emva koko igazi liyanyuka liye phezulu, lisiya emathangeni.

Le nkqubo imangalisayo yiyo evumela igazi elisemilenzeni nasezinyaweni zakho ukuba liphakame nxamnye nomxhuzulane lize libuyele entliziyweni yakho.

Ngokungafaniyo nentliziyo esifubeni sakho, le ntliziyo yesibini iqala ukupompa kuphela xa imilenze yakho ishukuma. Kwaye isantya epompa ngaso siyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ushukuma kangakanani imilenze yakho. Xa ubaleka, izihlunu zakho zipompa igazi ngokukhawuleza kunaxa uhamba.

Nangona kunjalo, le ntliziyo yesibini yiyo evumela igazi lakho ukuba lijikeleze umzimba wakho wonke, iqinisekisa ukuba amalungu akho kunye nezicubu zakho ziyaqhubeka zifumana ioksijini kunye nezondlo, nto leyo evumela ukuba zisebenze kakuhle.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nemithambo yegazi?

Kukho izifo ezininzi ezinokwenzeka xa imithambo yegazi ingasebenzi kakuhle. Ezinye zezi:

• I-Exficial thrombophlebitis : Oku kwenzeka xa ihlwili legazi lenzeka emthanjeni ongaphantsi nje kwesikhumba. Eli hlwili legazi lidla ngokungayi emiphungeni. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ihlwili lihamba liye emthanjeni onzulu.
• I-Deep Vein Thrombosis ( DVT ): Le yimeko enzima kakhulu.I-DVT kukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi (i-thrombi) kwimithambo enzulu. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo emilenzeni okanye kwi-pelvis. Ukuba eli hlwili legazi liyaphuma emthanjeni lize lihambe negazi liye emiphungeni, linokubangela imeko esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-pulmonary embolism .
• Imithambo yeVaricose: Le yimithambo ebonakala idumbile kwaye ijijekile. Nangona isenokungabangeli monakalo mkhulu, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu, ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi okungapheliyo: Xa iivalvu ezisemilenzeni yakho ezigcina igazi lihamba kwicala elinye zonakele, azikwazi ukupompa igazi libuyele entliziyweni yakho ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa yi-DVT.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubonisa ingxaki ngemithambo yegazi?

Iimpawu zingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Ukudumba (ukudumba) kwemilenze, amaqatha, kunye neenyawo, ingakumbi emva kokuma ixesha elide.
• Intlungu okanye ukuthamba xa ichukunyiswa.
• Ukuziva udiniwe , uqaqanjelwa, kwaye ungenamandla emilenzeni.
• Ulusu olusemilenzeni luba ngathi sisiqwenga sesikhumba.
• Ulusu olomileyo noluqhekekileyo emilenzeni okanye ezinyaweni, okanye ukurhawuzelelwa.

Ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu, okanye ukuba ubona nayiphi na imithambo emfusa okanye edumbileyo obungenayo ngaphambili, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Izifo ezininzi zemithambo zinokunyangwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuba zifunyenwe kwangethuba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubamba imeko efana ne-DVT ngaphambi kokuba ibe yi-pulmonary embolism.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga impilo yemithambo yegazi?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa ngembali yakho yezonyango aze enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Banokuyalela i-Doppler ultrasound kunye novavanyo lwegazi ukujonga iimeko ezifana ne-DVT.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweengxaki zemithambo yegazi?

Unyango lwesifo semithambo lujolise kakhulu ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi, ukunyibilikisa ukuqhekeka kwegazi okukhoyo, kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu.

• Unyango lwe-anticoagulant: Olu lusetyenziswa rhoqo ukunyanga i-DVT kunye nokuthintela i-pulmonary embolism. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-warfarin, i-rivaroxaban, kunye ne-apixaban. Ugqirha wakho uza kuvavanya igazi lakho rhoqo ukuze abone ukuba iyeza lisebenza kakuhle kangakanani aze alungise idosi ngokufanelekileyo. Idosi iyancitshiswa nanini na xa kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha.
• Amayeza okunyibilikisa amahlwili: La awasetyenziswa rhoqo. Asebenza kakhulu xa enikwa kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kokuba ihlwili legazi lenziwe.
• Iinkqubo zotyando :Ezi azifane zenziwe, kodwa kwabo bangenako ukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, ukufaka isihluzi se-vena cava kunokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo.

Kukwakho nezinto onokuzenza ekhaya. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba unxibe iisokisi zokucinezela . Ezi zinceda ukuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni yakho. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeesokisi zibonelela ngoxinzelelo olwahlukeneyo. Ugqirha wakho angakunceda ukhethe isibini esifanelekileyo kuwe. Unyango lokucinezela yindlela yonyango eneminyaka engaphezu kwama-2,000 ubudala!

Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndigcine imithambo yam isempilweni?

Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze ugcine imithambo yakho isempilweni. Ukuba sele uneengxaki zemithambo okanye unezinto ezithile ezinokubangela umngcipheko, kubalulekile ukwenza ezi zinto:

• Musa ukuhlala kwindawo enye ixesha elide. Ukuba uhleli phantse imini yonke, vuka uhambe imizuzu emibini ukuya kwemithathu ngeyure nganye. Xa uhleli, phakamisa imilenze yakho kwaye ugobe amaqatha akho. Okukhona ushukumisa imilenze yakho, kokukhona izihlunu zakho ziya kwanda imithambo yegazi kwaye zipompe igazi libuyele entliziyweni yakho.
• Gcina ucoceko lweenyawo zakho lucocekile ukuze uthintele usulelo. Oku kuthetha ukugcina iinyawo zakho zicocekile kwaye zomile. Ungasebenzisa nesithambisi-mafutha ukuthintela ukuqhekeka nokopha.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ugqibe ukuba amayeza okunciphisa igazi akulungele na. Kwakhona, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho kwiimpawu zakho.

Nokuba awunazo iingxaki zemithambo yegazi, ungenza ezi zinto zilula yonke imihla ukuze ugcine imithambo yakho isempilweni:

• Vuka ujikeleze kangangoko unako imini yonke, kwaye ugcine umzimba wakho ushukuma. Oku kuya kuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi.
• Hambahamba (ubuncinane iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki, ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30).
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo okunentliziyo, kwaye uya kukwazi ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni.
• Xa uhamba umgama omde ngemoto okanye ngenqwelo-moya, vuka emva kwexesha elithile, uhambehamba, uze wolule umzimba wakho.
• Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu zengxaki yomthambo, nokuba zibonakala zincinci, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuchonga iingxaki kwangethuba kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukuba zingabi zinzulu ngakumbi.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Sihlala singacingi ngendlela ezisebenza nzima ngayo iintliziyo zethu kunye nemithambo yegazi xa sihleli nje, akunjalo? Ukuze uhlale usebenza, inkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi kufuneka iqhubeke isebenza. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukunyamekela umzimba wakho ngendlela enceda igazi lakho lihambe kakuhle nangendlela efanelekileyo.

Imithambo yegazi ibalulekile kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi. Kunye nentliziyo, imithambo yegazi, kunye nee-capillaries, imithambo yegazi isebenza yonke imihla ukuhambisa igazi lakho emzimbeni wakho.

Xa useluhambeni olude, ungalibali ukuvuka ujikeleze kangangoko unako. Nokuba kukuphakamisa nje imilenze yakho nokugoba amaqatha akho kunokunceda imithambo esemilenzeni yakho ibuyisele igazi entliziyweni yakho. Ukuba ucinga ukuba unengxaki yemithambo, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko uze uxoxe ngeempawu zakho. Iingxaki ezininzi zemithambo zinokunyangeka kakhulu ukuba zifunyenwe kwangethuba!