Umkhuseli womzimba wethu: Masifunde nje ngeNkqubo yoQeqesho!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ngenkqubo engaphakathi emizimbeni yethu esebenza njengamajoni amancinci, elwa idabi elikhulu lokusisindisa kwizifo? Kaloku, imizimba yethu inenkqubo yokuzikhusela emangalisayo. Inxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kule 'Nkqubo Epheleleyo' esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Nangona eli gama lingaqhelekanga, lenza umsebenzi omhle kakhulu!

Ngoko ke, kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngale nkqubo yokongeza?

Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yokuncedisa ifana nomgca ongaphambili wokuzikhusela kwinkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela. Cinga ngayo njengomkhosi okhusela ilizwe lethu. Ngoko ke, inkqubo yokuncedisa ifana nomkhosi okhethekileyo kuloo mkhosi. Yeyokuqala ukuya edabini. Inemisebenzi emininzi ephambili:

• Iyaqaphela kwaye ijolise kwizinto eziyingozi emizimbeni yethu, ezifana neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo (umz. iintsholongwane). Kufana nokuqaphela utshaba.
• Xa kukho inxeba okanye usulelo kwindawo ethile emzimbeni, kuyanceda ukuphilisa loo ndawo. Oko kukuthi, xa kukho inxeba , liyadumba lize libe bomvu, akunjalo? Loo nkqubo, oko kukuthi, ikwanceda ukulawula ' ukudumba '. Le yinto elungileyo xa kufuneka.
• Isusa iiseli ezonakeleyo emizimbeni yethu, ivulela indlela yokukhula kweeseli ezintsha. Kufana nokususa izinto ezaphukileyo nokuvula indawo yezinto ezintsha.
• Izinto zangaphandle, oko kukuthi, iintsholongwane ezivela ngaphandle, ziyasuswa emizimbeni yethu.

Igama lesiNgesi elithi 'complement' lithetha 'ukongeza' okanye 'ukunceda'. Ngoko ke le nkqubo ifumene igama layo kuba inceda ezinye iiseli zokuzikhusela emizimbeni yethu, nto leyo eyenza umsebenzi wazo uphumelele ngakumbi.

Ngoobani amalungu ale nkqubo yokuncoma?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba ngubani okule nkqubo yokuzikhusela. Le nkqubo yokuxhasa yenziwe ngeeproteni ezikhethekileyo . Ezi protein zeplasma sizibiza ngokuba ziiproteni zeplasma . Ezi zikwigazi lethu. Zinokubonwa ngokucacileyo kuphela ukuba uzijonga ngemicroscope. Khawucinge nje, kukho malunga nama-50 eeproteni zeplasma ezifana nezi emizimbeni yethu ezikwele nkqubo yokuxhasa! Nganye kuzo inomsebenzi wayo okhethekileyo.

Ezi proteni ziqala njani ukusebenza?

Eli libali elinomdla kakhulu. Ezi proteni zihlala zilele emizimbeni yethu, oko kuthetha ukuba 'ziphelile'. Njengokuba zilele. Kodwa, ukuba kukho imeko engxamisekileyo, umzekelo, ukuba senzakala emzimbeni wethu, okanye ukuba kungena intsholongwane ebangela izifo, kulapho ke aba bantu bavuka khona, oko kuthetha ukuba 'bayaqhubeka'. Indlela eyenzeka ngayo le nto ingaqhelekanga kakhulu. Kufana nomdlalo weedominoes.Ngaba wakha wayibona imiqolo yeedomino kwaye xa enye iwela, iwela ize iwise elandelayo, ize elandelayo iwele ize iwise elandelayo... Yiloo nto eyenzekayo apha, nayo. Xa iproteni enye isebenza, iyaqhubeka ize isebenze iproteni elandelayo. Elandelayo, ize iwise elandelayo... Njalo njalo, iiproteni ziyasebenza emva kwenye. Sibiza le chain reaction ngokuthi 'yi-cascade' . Xa iproteni nganye isebenza, yenza umsebenzi wayo, ize iproteni elandelayo isebenze. Icwangciswe kakuhle, akunjalo?

Iphi le nkqubo yokongeza imizimba yethu?

Ezi proteni zibalulekileyo zenziwa esibindini sethu. Zenziwa apho, emva koko zingene egazini lethu, kwaye zihamba emzimbeni wonke. Ziya nakwizicwili zethu. Oko kuthetha ukuba, aba balindi bajikeleza phantse kuyo yonke indawo emzimbeni wethu, bekhangela iingxaki ndaweni ithile.

Ingxubakaxaka ingavela njani kwinkqubo yokongeza?

Ngoku uyazi ukuba le nkqubo yokuncedisa ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuselekeni kwemizimba yethu. Ngoko ke, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kukho isiphene okanye impazamo koku? Khawucinge ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba imikhosi yethu yokhuseleko iswele amajoni okanye ukuba ayinazo izixhobo ezifanelekileyo? Ilizwe liza kuba lingazinzi, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto. Iingxaki zinokuvela ngeendlela ezimbini: 1. Ukuba iiproteni zokuncedisa azisebenzi kakuhle, okanye ukuba azanele (ukungabikho kokuncedisa): Ukuba ezi proteni ziphantsi okanye ukuba azisebenzi kakuhle, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela iba buthathaka. Emva koko sibizwa ngokuba 'zii-immunocompromised' . Abantu abanjalo banokufumana usulelo rhoqo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi sulelo zinokuba yingozi kakhulu. Umzekelo yimeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-sepsis . 2. Ukuba iiproteni zokuncedisa zisebenza kakhulu (ukusebenza kakhulu): Ngamanye amaxesha ezi proteni ziba zisebenza kakhulu. Zivuselelwa rhoqo kwaye ngokungeyomfuneko. Okwenzekayo ke kukuba iiseli zethu eziphilileyo nazo zinokonakala. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuzikhusela komzimba , apho inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela ihlasela imizimba yethu, kunye neemeko zokudumba . Ezinye zeemeko ezinokubandakanya inkqubo yokuncedisa ngale ndlela zezi:

• Isifuba somntu onesifo se-allergy
• I-anemia ( ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-anemia)
• Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza , umzekelo , i-leukemia , i-lymphoma
• Isifo sezintso
• Ukuwohloka kwe-macular(Esi sisifo samehlo )
• I-rheumatoid arthritis (esi sisifo esibangela ukudumba kunye nentlungu emalungeni)

Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokuchonga ingxaki kwinkqubo yokugcwalisa?

Ukuba inkqubo yokuncedisa ayisebenzi kakuhle, sithi inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ibuthathaka. Emva koko, ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela emizimbeni yethu. Ukuba ezi zinto zenzeka rhoqo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha kwaye ucele ingcebiso. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo. Ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane rhoqo, okanye ukuba ufumana kanye kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide ukuphola.
• Ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha (Ukudinwa). Ukuvakalelwa kukuba awukwazi ukususa ukudinwa nokuba sele ulele kakuhle.
• Intlungu yamalungu.
• Ukudumba/ukudumba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezikhoyo zokujonga impilo yenkqubo yam yokuncedisa?

Ukuba uhlala ugula, okanye unezinye zeempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni ajonge inkqubo yakho yokuncedisa. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ngovavanyo lwegazi .

• Uvavanyo olupheleleyo: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli yegazi lakho nokujonga ubungakanani beeproteni ezincedisayo kulo kunye nokuba zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani na. Ezinye iiproteni zinokujongwa nganye nganye okanye iyonke. Oku kunokunceda ugqirha wakho afumanise ukuba inkqubo yakho encedisayo ibuthathaka okanye isebenza kakhulu na.

Oko unokukufunda kolu vavanyo:

• Kutheni ufumana usulelo rhoqo?
• Ngaba kukho isifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, lusebenza kangakanani unyango lwaso?
• Injani impilo yenkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ngokubanzi?

Ukongeza, ukuba kukho ingxaki kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, oogqirha banokwenza olunye uvavanyo. Umzekelo:

• Ubalo lweGazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Olu lwazi lubonelela ngolwazi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli egazini (iiseli ezibomvu, iiseli ezimhlophe, iiplatelets).
• Amanqanaba e-immunoglobulin (i-antibody): Ezi zikwayiproteni ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zezifo zenkqubo yokuncedisa?

Ukuba kukho ingxaki kwinkqubo yokuncedisa, unyango luxhomekeke ekulawuleni iimpawu kunye nokunyanga unobangela oyintloko (oko kukuthi, nokuba inkqubo yokuncedisa ayinaziphene okanye isebenza kakhulu) . Ezinye zeendlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka:

• Ii-antibiotics: Nyanga izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ukuba zikhona.
• I-Chemotherapy: Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukutshintsha ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwizifo ezithile zomhlaza okanye izifo ezizikhuselayo emzimbeni.
• Unyango oluthintela amasosha omzimba: Olu nyango lunikezelwa ukulawula inkqubo yokuncedisa ukuba isebenza kakhulu.
• Utofelo-gazi okanye iplasma: Ukuba kukho ukunqongophala kweeproteni ezincedisayo, le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukuzibonelela ngaphandle.
• Ukugonywa: Kubalulekile ukugonywa, ingakumbi ukukhusela izifo ezifana nesifo se-pneumococcal , njengoko ezi zifo zinokuba nzima kakhulu kubantu abaneenkqubo ezibuthathaka zokuncedisana.

Ndingayigcina njani inkqubo yam yokuncedisa isempilweni?

Enyanisweni, asinakuyitshintsha ngokuthe ngqo indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yokuncedisa. Yinto eyenzekayo ngokwendalo emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa, sinokunceda ukugcina yonke inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela isempilweni. Emva koko kulula ukuba inkqubo yokuncedisa yenze umsebenzi wayo ngokufanelekileyo. Ngoko ke, singenza ntoni?

• Lumka kangangoko unako malunga nokwenzakala neengozi.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo esifanelekileyo. Faka iziqhamo, imifuno kunye namanzi acocekileyo kwisidlo sakho.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo. Nokuba uhamba nje imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kulungile.
• Ukuziqhelanisa neendlela ezilungileyo zococeko, njengokuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo nokuhlala ucocekile.
• Ukulala ngokwaneleyo. Zama ukulala ubuncinane iiyure ezisi-7-8 ngosuku.

Njengokuba umhlobo wakho osenyongweni ekunceda ngayo yonke into, inkqubo yokuncedisa inceda iiseli zomzimba wethu ukuba zizikhusele kwiintshaba zangaphandle kunye neengozi. Ngoko ke, ngokunyamekela umzimba wakho wonke ngokulala kakuhle, ukuhlala ucocekile, ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, kunye nokunyamekela umzimba wakho, unokugcina inkqubo yakho yokuncedisa isempilweni.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka sizikhumbule

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndicinga ukuba ngoku unombono olungileyo ngale 'Complement System' esithethe ngayo namhlanje. Ngamafutshane:

• Inkqubo yokuncedisana yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba, njengabalindi abancinci emizimbeni yethu.
• Oku kwenziwe ngeeproteni ezikhethekileyo (iiproteni zeplasma) .
• Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukukhusela imizimba yethu kwiintsholongwane ezibangela izifo, ukwenzakala, nokunceda ukuphiliswa ngokususa iiseli ezonakeleyo.
• Ukunqongophala okanye ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo kwalo msebenzi kunokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo.
• Kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ukuba ufumana usulelo oluqhelekileyo, ukudinwa kakhulu, okanye iintlungu zamalungu .
• Ukugcina yonke inkqubo yethu yomzimba isempilweni kukwanceda inkqubo yokuncedisana.

Ungakhathazeki, kukho unyango olunokunceda ukulawula ezi meko. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukrokrela ukuba kukho ingxaki kwaye ufumane ingcebiso nonyango olufanelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ongcono ukukunceda.