Masifunde nje ngeHepcidin, elawula i-iron emzimbeni?

Ngaba wakha weva ngegama elithi Hepcidin? Mhlawumbi awukaze ulive. Kodwa le yinto edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Ngokuchanekileyo, le Hepcidin yeyona iphambili elawula ubungakanani bentsimbi emizimbeni yethu. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale Hepcidin, kunye nento eyenzayo emizimbeni yethu, ngokulula nangendlela enobuhlobo.

Yintoni iHepcidin? Ngamafutshane...

I-Hepcidin yi -hormone eveliswa emizimbeni yethu. I-hormone ifana nesithunywa esincinci esilawula yonke imisebenzi emizimbeni yethu kwaye sithwala ulwazi oluya phambili nangasemva. Ngoko ke le hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-hepcidin yiyo emisela indlela umzimba wethu oyisebenzisa ngayo i-iron, ukuba umzimba udinga i-iron engakanani, kunye nokuba kufuneka igcinwe engakanani.

I-iron yiminerali ebalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Ubusazi na ukuba i-iron yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kweproteni ye -hemoglobin kwiiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi? Le hemoglobin yiyo ebopha i-oksijini ize iyithwale iye kwizicwili zethu nakumalungu omzimba wonke. Isebenza njengeteksi ye-oksijini!

Ayipheleli apho, i-iron ikwafuneka ukuze kwenziwe iproteni i-myoglobin, enika ioksijini kwimisipha yethu nakwiintliziyo zethu.

Ngoko ke, le hepcidin ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba "yinkosi yokulawula isinyithi." Isizathu soku kukuba ilawula ukuba iiseli zethu zifuna isinyithi esingakanani ukuze zenze izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokwenza i-hemoglobin kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Khawucinge nje, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba sinesiphene sesinyithi? I-anemia yokunqongophala kwesinyithi inokukhula. Oko kuthetha ukuba umzimba awuvelisi iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezaneleyo. Kwelinye icala, kuthekani ukuba sinesinyithi esininzi kakhulu? Oko kukwayingozi kakhulu emzimbeni, njengetyhefu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kubeka ubomi esichengeni.

Iphi le hepcidin eveliswa emizimbeni yethu?

I-Hepcidin iveliswa kakhulu esibindini sethu. Nje ukuba yenziwe, ingena egazini lethu.

Yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa yiHepcidin?

Besitshilo ngaphambili ukuba i-hepcidin "yingqondo elawula isinyithi." Oko kukuthi, inceda ukugcina i-homeostasis yesinyithi emizimbeni yethu, oko kuthetha ukuba ubungakanani besinyithi bugcinwa kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, kungabi ncinci kakhulu okanye kakhulu.

Sifumana i-iron ekutyeni esikutyayo. Sifumana i-iron ekutyeni okufana nenyama, intlanzi, imifuno, kunye namandongomane. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iiminerali, imizimba yethu ayinayo indlela ehlala ihleli yokususa i-iron egqithisileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba sine-sodium eninzi kakhulu, iya kukhutshwa emchameni. Nangona kunjalo, i-iron ilahleka kuphela ngamanani amancinci emizimbeni yethu, nokuba kukulahleka kwegazi okanye xa iiseli zisifa.

Kunoko, imizimba yethu igcina isinyithi, ukuze siyisebenzise xa kuyimfuneko. Sinesinyithi esigcinwe kwiindawo ezifana nomongo wethu wethambo, ipleen, nesibindi . Malunga ne-70% yesinyithi iyonke emzimbeni ikwi-hemoglobin kwezo seli zibomvu zegazi sithethe ngazo ngaphambili.

Ngoko ke, le hepcidin yiyo exhasa kakhulu iinkqubo ezinceda ukugcina isinyithi, ukuyisusa kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye, kwaye iyisebenzise kwakhona. Ikwenza oku ngokulawula isinyithi kwiiseli zethu ukuze ifumaneke xa ifuneka, kwaye kwakhona ukuze isinyithi esigqithisileyo singabi yingxaki emzimbeni.

IHepcidin ibandakanyeka kakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukulawula ukufunxwa kwesinyithi: Ukufunxwa kwesinyithi yinkqubo apho isinyithi esivela ekutyeni esikutyayo singena egazini lethu sisuka emathunjini ethu amancinci. Kuphela emva kokuba sifike egazini apho umzimba unokusebenzisa isinyithi. Ngoko ke, i-hepcidin ilawula ukuba ingakanani isinyithi esingena egazini kunye nokuba ingakanani egciniweyo.
• Ukuphinda usebenzise i-Iron kwi-Macrophages: Ii-Macrophages luhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezifana namajoni okucoca umzimba wethu. Zizo ezitshabalalisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala nezifayo kwaye zivule indlela yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezintsha. Umongo wethu wethambo uvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezintsha malunga neentsuku ezili-120. Ngoko ke, xa ii-macrophages zitshabalalisa ezi seli zibomvu zegazi ezindala, zibamba i-iron kwi-hemoglobin ekuzo. UHepcidin ugqiba kwelokuba loo i-iron igcinwe ngaphakathi kwi-macrophages okanye ibuyiselwe emzimbeni.
• Ukukhululwa kwesinyithi esigciniweyo: Isinyithi sigcinwa kwiiseli zesibindi sethu (ezibizwa ngokuba zii-hepatocytes) nakwiiseli zamathumbu ethu amancinci (ezibizwa ngokuba zii-enterocytes ). I-Hepcidin ilawula ukuba isinyithi sihlala ngaphakathi kwezo seli okanye siyakhutshwa ukuze sisetyenziswe.

I-hepcidin ilawula njani ukufunxwa kwesinyithi?

Okunomdla kakhulu kukuba i-hepcidin ayilawuli ukufunxwa kwesinyithi ngokuqalisa nayiphi na inkqubo. Endaweni yoko, yenza oko ngokumisa iinkqubo ezinceda ukufunxwa kwesinyithi.

I-Hepcidin isebenza neproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-ferroportin . Le ferroportin ifana "nomthuthi wentsimbi" emzimbeni wethu. Umsebenzi wayo kukukhupha intsimbi kwiindawo zayo zokugcina (ii-macrophages, ii-hepatocytes, ii-enterocytes) kunye nokuhambisa intsimbi phakathi kweeseli zomzimba. I-Ferroportin yiyo ethwala intsimbi esuka emathunjini amancinci iye egazini ukuze umzimba ukwazi ukuyisebenzisa.

I-Hepcidin inamathela kule ferroportin. Emva koko i-ferroportin iyaphuka. Xa oko kusenzeka, i-iron ebinokuthi ithuthwe iye egazini yi-ferroportin inamathela kwiindawo ezifanayo apho yayigcinwe khona.

Cinga ngale ndlela:

* Xa i-hepcidin isanda , kuba nzima ukuba i-ferroportin ithuthe i-iron iye egazini. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukufunxwa kwe-iron kuyehla.

* Xa i-hepcidin iphantsiI-Ferroportin inokuhambisa i-iron ngokulula iye egazini. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukufunxwa kwe-iron kuyanda.

Uyaqonda? Kulula kakhulu, akunjalo?

Zeziphi izinto ezichaphazela ubungakanani beHepcidin emzimbeni wethu?

Inani le-hepcidin onayo emzimbeni wakho lixhomekeke kwiimpawu ezithunyelwa ngumzimba wakho. Ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, umzimba wakho ufumana iimpawu zokwenza i-hepcidin eninzi okanye encinci.

Nazi ezinye zezinto ezinjalo:

• I-iron epheleleyo emzimbeni: Ukuba umzimba une-iron encinci, inika umzimba umqondiso wokuba wenze i-hepcidin encinci. Ukuba umzimba une-iron eninzi, inika umzimba umqondiso wokuba wenze i-hepcidin eninzi.
• Ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi: Xa umzimba ufuna i-hemoglobin engaphezulu ukuze wenze iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, amanqanaba e-hepcidin ayancipha. Kulapho i-ferroportin ikwaziyo ukukhupha i-iron ize incede ekwenzeni iiseli ezintsha.
• Amanqanaba e-oksijini aphantsi (i-Hypoxia): I-Hypoxia kuxa izicubu zakho zingafumani i-oksijini eyaneleyo. Xa amanqanaba e-oksijini esezantsi, umzimba unika umzimba umqondiso wokunciphisa i-Hepcidin. Oku kukhupha i-Ferroportin, ekhupha i-iron ukwenza i-hemoglobin. I-Hemoglobin yiyo ethwala i-oksijini ngeeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
• Ukudumba okubangelwa kukwenzakala okanye usulelo: Ngamaxesha anje, inqanaba le-hepcidin liyakhula. Isizathu soku kukuyekisa ukukhululwa kwe-iron emzimbeni. Iintsholongwane ezininzi eziyingozi, ezifana neebhaktheriya, zisebenzisa i-iron ukukhula. Ngoko ke ngokwandisa i-hepcidin, ukunciphisa i-iron, uyayithintela loo ntsholongwane ekubeni ifumane i-iron. Uhlakaniphile, akunjalo?

Zeziphi iimeko ezenzekayo ukuba amanqanaba e-hepcidin angaqhelekanga?

Ngoku uyazi ukuba ibaluleke kangakanani i-hepcidin. Ngoko ke, ukuba iphezulu kakhulu okanye iphantsi kakhulu, inokubangela iingxaki.

Ukuba kukho i-hepcidin eninzi kakhulu , umzimba usenokungakwazi ukufunxa i-iron eyaneleyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimeko ezifana nokungabikho kwe-iron.

Ukuba i-hepcidin iphantsi , umzimba unokufunxa i-iron eninzi kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni i-iron ibe ninzi kakhulu.

Izifo ezinxulumene namanqanaba aphantsi e-hepcidin

Xa amanqanaba e-hepcidin ephantsi, ezi meko zilandelayo zinokubonwa:

• I-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-anemia olunxulunyaniswa nokwehla kwe-hepcidin. Ngamanye amaxesha amanqanaba e-hepcidin anokungafumaneki. Oku kubonisa ukuba umzimba uzama ukuhambisa i-iron egazini ngokukhupha i-ferroportin.
• I-hemochromatosis yelifa:Esi sisifo semfuza. Ngenxa yotshintsho oluvela kwiiseli, isibindi sivelisa inani elincinci kakhulu le-hepcidin. Ngenxa yoko, umzimba ufunxa isinyithi esininzi kakhulu. Le isinyithi esigqithisileyo sigcinwa ikakhulu entliziyweni, esibindini nakwipancreas.
• I-anemia ethwala i-iron: Ezi luhlobo lwe-anemia. Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, akukho ukunqongophala kwe-iron, kodwa kukho i-iron eninzi. Iingxaki ekuvelisweni kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi zikhokelela ekunciphiseni kwemveliso ye-hepcidin. Ngenxa yoko, i-ferroportin ikhupha i-iron eninzi kakhulu.
• IHepatitis C: Olu lusulelo lwesibindi olubangelwa yintsholongwane (i-HCV). Le ntsholongwane inciphisa amandla omzimba okuvelisa i-hepcidin.
• Isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini: Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba abantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini banciphise amanqanaba e-hepcidin, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqithiseni isinyithi. I-insulin, unyango oluqhelekileyo lwesifo seswekile, isenokuba yimbangela.

Izifo ezinxulumene nokunyuka kwamanqanaba e-hepcidin

Amanqanaba aphezulu e-hepcidin anxulunyaniswa ne-anemia engeyiyo i-iron deficiency. Oko kukuthi, i-anemia engenzeki ngaphandle kokungabikho kwe-iron. Oku kusenokubangelwa ziimeko zemfuza, ezibangela ukuveliswa kwe-hepcidin eninzi.

Amanqanaba eHepcidin akwaphezulu kwiimeko ezibizwa ngokuba yi -anemias of inflammation okanye i-anemia of chronic disease (ACD) . Kwi-ACD, ukudumba kubangela ukuba umzimba ukhuphe iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-cytokine . Le proteni yonyusa amanqanaba e-hepcidin.

Ezinye izifo ezinokuthi zinxulunyaniswe ne-ACD ziquka:

• Usulelo olungapheliyo
• Isifo sikaCrohn
• Umhlaza
• Isifo sezintso esingapheliyo

Ngoko ke ungabona, iHepcidin yinto ebaluleke kakhulu elawula ukusetyenziswa kwesinyithi emzimbeni wethu. Ngokumisa ukukhululwa kwesinyithi, iHepcidin ilawula amandla emizimba yethu okwenza ihemoglobin kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ngale ndlela, iHepcidin ichaphazela ngokungathanga ngqo inani leoksijini ekhoyo emzimbeni wonke. IHepcidin ikwathintela umzimba ekufunxeni isinyithi esininzi. Kuba isinyithi esininzi sinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Izinto esifanele sizikhumbule kweli bali (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngeHepcidin namhlanje, akunjalo? Ukushwankathela:

• IHepcidin yihormone eveliswa esibindini.
• Lo ngumlawuli oyintloko wobungakanani bentsimbi emizimbeni yethu. Kufana "neNkosi yentsimbi."
• Sidinga i-iron ukuze senze i-hemoglobin, eyiyo ethwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke.
• Inqanaba le-Hepcidin,Ukufunxwa, ukugcinwa, kunye nokukhululwa kwesinyithi kulawulwa yiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-ferroportin.
• Ukuba i-hepcidin iphantsi , i-iron engaphezulu inokufunxwa , nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqithiseni i-iron . Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezifana ne-hemochromatosis yelifa.
• Ukuba i-hepcidin iyanda , ukufunxwa kwesinyithi kunokuncipha, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi -anemia yokunqongophala kwesinyithi (ngamanye amaxesha okubangelwa kukudumba).
• Ukuze uhlale usempilweni, amanqanaba e-iron emzimbeni kunye namanqanaba e-Hepcidin kufuneka alinganiswe.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uneengxaki nge-iron, okanye ukuba uneempawu ezifana ne-anemia, kungcono ukubona ugqirha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso. Kubaluleke kakhulu nokuba uqaphele izinto ezinje.

I- Hepcidin, isinyithi, i-anemia, iihomoni, i-hemoglobin, isibindi, i-ferroportin