Ngaba uyazi ngalo mthambo wegazi ubaluleke kakhulu entliziyweni yakho? (Ngasekhohlo Umthambo Wehla Ngaphambili) Masithethe!

Ngaba wakha weva nge-`(Left Anterior Descendeng Artery)` okanye `(LAD artery)`? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukhe wathetha ngayo, okanye ukhe wafunda ngayo ndaweni ithile. Lo ngumthambo wegazi obaluleke kakhulu entliziyweni yethu. Enyanisweni, ufana negazi lobomi lentliziyo yethu. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngalo `(LAD artery)`, into oyenzayo, iingxaki onokuzibangela, kunye nendlela esinokuwunyamekela ngayo ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le `(Umthambo Ohlayo Ngasekhohlo)`? Ifana nemephu yentliziyo!

Ngamafutshane, i-`(Left Anterior Descendering Artery)` yakho, okanye masiyibize ngokuthi `(LAD)` ngamafutshane, yenye yamasebe amabini e-`(left main coronary artery)` kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yakho. Igama elithi ``Anterior'' lithetha ``phambili.'' Oku kuthetha ukuba lo mthambo wegazi unika igazi ngaphambili kwentliziyo yakho. Cinga ngako, igumbi eliphambili lokumpompa kwicala lasekhohlo elisezantsi lentliziyo yakho, i-`(ventricle),'' yiyo efumana igazi elineoksijini eninzi kule `(LAD). Ayipheleli apho, kodwa kukho izicubu zemisipha ezahlula iindonga zentliziyo, siyibiza ngokuba yi-`( Septum ),'' kwaye le `(LAD)` ikwanika igazi kuyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha babiza le mthambo wegazi ngokuthi "isebe elingaphakathi kwe-anterior." Nangona eli gama lisenokuvakala linzima kancinci, umsebenzi walo ulula kakhulu - ukuhambisa igazi entliziyweni!

Kodwa nantsi into ekufuneka uyiqaphele: Ukuba lo mthambo we-`(LAD)` uvalekile ngokupheleleyo, unokubangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Oku kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-`(widowmaker heart attack )`. Ukuva eli gama kunokoyikisa kancinci, kuba olu hlobo lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo ludla ngokuba yingozi. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka silumke kakhulu ngale `(LAD)`.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene nge-`(LAD)`? Umthengisi oyintloko wentliziyo!

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-LAD yeyona mithambo yegazi mikhulu entliziyweni yakho. Le luhlobo olukhethekileyo lomthambo wegazi entliziyweni, inxalenye yenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi ethwala igazi emizimbeni yethu. Ungacinga, phantse isiqingatha segazi elifunekayo yintliziyo yakho lithwalwa yile LAD! Oko kuthetha ukuba ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwentliziyo.

Iphi le `(LAD)`?

Sithi umthambo oyintloko wentliziyo kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yakho wahlulahlulwe ube ngamasebe amabini. La masebe mabini yi-Left Anterior Descending Artery kunye ne-Circumflex Artery. Kanye njengokuba indlela yahlulahlulwe ibe ngamacandelo amabini, lo mthambo oyintloko wahlulahlulwe ube ngamacandelo amabini apha. Oogqirha bakwabiza oku ngokuba yi-bifurcation. Lo mthambo we-LAD ungaphakathi kwe-membrane ekhuselayo ngaphandle kwentliziyo yakho, i-epicardium. Uhamba nge-septum yentliziyo, njengomjelo omncinci, ukusuka kwisiseko sentliziyo ukuya kwincopho yentliziyo.

Ngawaphi amasebe kwi-`(LAD)`?

Le duct `(LAD)` yahlulwe yangamasebe amabini amancinci:

• Amasebe angqukuva: La masebe anika igazi kwiindawo zangaphambili nezisezantsi ze-ventricle, ekwicala lasekhohlo elisezantsi lentliziyo.
• (Amasebe aseSeptal): La masebe anika igazi kwisibini kwisithathu se-septum yentliziyo.

La masebe anoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo zifumana igazi elaneleyo.

Yintoni "ukujikeleza kwegazi okulawulwa ngasekhohlo"?

Le yingxaki enzulu kancinci, kodwa masizame ukuyiqonda ngokulula. Kukho omnye umthambo obizwa ngokuba yi-"posterior descending artery (PDA)" othwala igazi kwiindawo ezisezantsi nezingasemva zentliziyo yakho nakwinxalenye ye-"septum".

• Ukujikeleza kwegazi okuhamba ngamandla ngasekunene: Ukuba uthatha abantu abalishumi, malunga nesibhozo kubo banegazi eliphuma kumthambo omkhulu wentliziyo kwicala lasekunene.
• Ukujikeleza kwegazi okuhamba ngasekhohlo: Nangona kunjalo, malunga nomntu omnye kwabalishumi, le PDA ifumana igazi elivela kwisebe le-coronary artery yasekhohlo (nokuba yi-LAD okanye i-circumflex artery).
• Ukujikeleza kwegazi okuhambayo: Kubantu ababini kwabalishumi, i-PDA inikezelwa yi-LAD okanye i-circumflex artery, kunye ne-coronary artery yasekunene.

Oku kunokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Yindawo nje yendalo yentliziyo.

Ziziphi iimeko zonyango ezichaphazela `(LAD)`?

Kulapho kufuneka sigxile khona kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kweli qela lamafutha, esilibiza ngokuba yi-plaque, linokwakheka. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-atherosclerosis . Ifana nomhlwa oqokelelana kumbhobho wamanzi. Kwabanye abantu, eli plaque liqokelelana kakhulu kangangokuba i-LAD ivalwe ngokupheleleyo. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Igazi elinomoya-mpilo alinakufikelela entliziyweni. Kulapho sifumana khona isifo sentliziyo se-widowmaker esathetha ngaso ngaphambili, esidla ngokubulala. Nangona igama elithi widowmaker lisenokubonakala lisebenza kumadoda kuphela, esi sifo sentliziyo sinokuchaphazela amadoda nabafazi.

Khawuthelekelele, uNishantha uneminyaka emalunga nama-50 ubudala. Utyebile kancinci kwaye unesifo seswekile. Ngenye imini, ngequbuliso waqala ukubila ngenxa yentlungu esifubeni. Xa wayebalekiswa esibhedlele, kwafunyaniswa ukuba unesifo sentliziyo (umhlaza womhlolokazi)`. Ngethamsanqa, wasinda kuba wafumana unyango olukhawulezileyo. Oku kubonisa indlela oku kwakungxamiseke ngayo.

Kwakhona, kubantu abambalwa kakhulu, umthambo we-LAD unokuncitshiswa okanye ufinyezwe kancinci xa uzalwa. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-hypoplastic left anterior descending artery. Oku kwandisa iingozi ezithile:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo `(I-Arrhythmia (ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo )
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ischemia yentliziyo
• Ukufa kwentliziyo ngequbuliso

Zithini iimpawu zokuvaleka kwe-LAD?

Ukuba i-LAD iyancitshiswa okanye ivalekile, unokufumana iintlungu zesifuba (i-angina) . Oku kungaba yi-angina ezinzileyo okanye i-angina engazinzile. Uhlaselo lwentliziyo lungxamiseko lwezonyango olufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo . Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, fowunela u-911 (inombolo yongxamiseko engu-1990 eSri Lanka) ngoko nangoko:

• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana (i-Angina)
• Ndiziva ndibanda kwaye ndibila
• Ukudinwa, ukuziva ngathi ujikeleza entloko
• Ukudinwa kunye nobuthathaka
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla
• Intlungu egxalabeni okanye engalweni (ingakumbi engalweni yasekhohlo)

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ungaze uzityeshele.

Oogqirha bayijonga njani impilo ye-`(LAD)` yakho?

Oogqirha basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezifana nezi ukujonga imeko yemithambo yakho yentliziyo, ingakumbi i-LAD:

• Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kwintliziyo: Oku kuhlola isifo semithambo yentliziyo.
• I-Coronary computed tomography angiogram (CCTA): Oku kunokuvelisa imifanekiso ye-three-dimensional (3D) yokuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni.
• I-Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) okanye i-intravascular ultrasound (IVUS): Ezi ndlela zingathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo necacileyo ngaphakathi kwe-artery.
• Indawo yokugcina ukuhamba kwegazi (i-FFR): Oku kulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, nto leyo enokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ukuvaleka kwegazi kukhulu kangakanani.

Ezi mvavanyo zinokumisela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kukho na ukuvaleka okanye ukuncitshiswa kwi-LAD yakho.

Ziphathwa njani iimeko ezichaphazela i-`(LAD)`?

Ukuze uvule i-LAD evalekileyo, kunokufuneka wenze i-catheterization yentliziyo, kunye neenkqubo ezifana ne -angioplasty kunye nokufakwa kwe-stent .

• I-Angioplasty yinkqubo equka ukufaka ibhaluni encinci kumthambo, ukuyivuthela ukuze ivule indawo evalekileyo, kunye nokwandisa umthambo.
• I-stent yityhubhu encinci ye-wire mesh enceda ukugcina umthambo unganciphi kwakhona emva kwe-angioplasty.

Olu nyango lunokubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni kwaye lunciphise umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

Ndingayikhusela njani imithambo yam ye-LAD? Indlela eya kwintliziyo ephilileyo!

Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukugcina inkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi isempilweni, kuquka ne-LAD yakho (i-LAD). Nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu:

• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol. Ukutya okuneoyile encinci, ityuwa, neswekile, kunye neziqhamo nemifuno eninzi kulungile.
• Nciphisa ukusebenzisa kwakho utywala: Ukuba ukhotyokiswe butywala, fumana uncedo.
• Zilolonge kwaye ugcine ubunzima obusempilweni: Ukuhamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku nako kuyinto entle.
• Lumka ngeentlobo zamafutha akho: Nciphisa amafutha angenampilo (amafutha agcweleyo nalawo agudileyo).
• Thatha amanyathelo okulawula isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Ukunciphisa ukutya ityuwa nako kuyanceda koku.
• Cela uncedo lokuyeka ukutshaya: Ukutshaya yenye yezona ntshaba zinkulu zentliziyo.

Ngokwenza ezi zinto, ungagcina kungekuphela nje '(LAD)' yakho, kodwa nentliziyo yakho yonke kunye nomzimba wakho uphilile.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Okwangoku mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba i-`(Left Anterior Descendeng Artery)` ngumthambo wegazi obalulekileyo kwimpilo yentliziyo yethu. Ukuvaleka koku kunokukhokelela kwimeko ebulalayo, ngakumbi i-`(uhlaselo lwentliziyo lomhlolokazi)`. Oku kungenxa yokuba lo ngumthambo ophambili onika icala lasekhohlo lentliziyo igazi elininzi. Kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba lo mthambo we-`(LAD)`` uya kuqokelelana kwaye i-`(atherosclerosis)` iya kuvela, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwisifo semithambo yentliziyo. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kuya kufuneka ufumane unyango olufana ne-`(angioplasty)` kunye ne-`(stent)` ukuvula umthambo nokunciphisa umngcipheko wohlaselo lwentliziyo. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuthintela iimeko ezinjalo ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke. Ngokuthetha nogqirha wakho nokwenza utshintsho olufunekayo kwindlela yakho yokuphila kunye nokutya, unokugcina intliziyo yakho, oko kukuthi, i-`(LAD)` yakho, isempilweni kwaye yonwabile. Intliziyo yakho iya kukubulela!