Injani "i-cholesterol yakho elungileyo"? Konke malunga ne-cholesterol ye-HDL!

Xa uhlola i-cholesterol yakho, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukhe weva 'nge -cholesterol elungileyo ' kunye 'ne-cholesterol embi'. Loo 'cholesterol ilungileyo' yiyo i-HDL. Ngoko ke, ekubeni abantu abaninzi bekufumanisa oku kudida kancinci, masithethe nge-cholesterol ye-HDL ngokulula, ngolwimi lwethu?

Yintoni i-HDL?

Ngamafutshane, i-HDL imele 'i-High-Density Lipoprotein' . La ngamasuntswana amancinci ahambahamba egazini lethu. Cinga ngawo 'njengenkonzo yokuthumela' ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu.

Ezi lipoprotein zenziwe ngama-lipid – amafutha – kunye neeproteni. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukuthutha amafutha emizimbeni yethu, ingakumbi i-cholesterol, ukuya apho ifuneka khona, ukuya kwiiseli. La mafutha awakwazi ukuhamba egazini ngokwawo, kuba uhlobo lwawo lwekhemikhali aluwavumeli. Yiyo loo nto efuna uncedo lwezi “zithuthi” zibizwa ngokuba zii-lipoprotein.

Ngaba i-cholesterol ye-HDL iyafana?

Ewe, i-HDL kunye ne -HDL cholesterol zithetha into enye. Abantu badla ngokusebenzisa la magama omabini ukuthetha ngala masuntswana kunye nendlela achaphazela ngayo impilo yentliziyo yethu.

Nangona la masuntswana e-HDL equlethe amafutha kunye neeproteni, abantu bawaqonda ngohlobo lwamafutha anawo, oluyi-cholesterol. Yiyo loo nto ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-HDL cholesterol.

Kutheni i-HDL ibizwa ngokuba yi-"cholesterol elungileyo"?

Kukho isizathu sokuba i-HDL ibizwa ngokuba yi-'cholesterol elungileyo'. Oko kukuthi, i-HDL inceda ukususa i-cholesterol egqithisileyo emizimbeni yethu . Le nkqubo inokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo, esifana nesifo sentliziyo kunye nestroke.

Ngokwesiqhelo, i-cholesterol ingena egazini isuka esibindini sethu. Ukusuka apho, ii-lipoproteins ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla zithwala i-cholesterol kwiiseli ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni. Kuba i-cholesterol iyadingeka kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo, njengokwakha ii-membrane zeeseli kunye nokuvelisa iihomoni.

Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha igazi lethu liqokelela i-cholesterol eninzi kakhulu. Oko kukuthi, ngaphezu koko umzimba ukudingayo. Kulapho ke inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi -'reverse cholesterol transport' ifika khona ukuze incede.

Olu 'thutho lwe-cholesterol ebuyela umva' luyinkqubo enzima. Izazinzulu zisafumanisa ukuba i-HDL inegalelo nini kwaye njani koku. Ngokwazi kwethu, amasuntswana e-HDL anokuthwala i-cholesterol egqithisileyo egazini ayibuyisele esibindini. Isibindi emva koko siyayiqhekeza le cholesterol size siyisuse emzimbeni ngendle yethu.

Le yinto entle kakhulu, kuba xa amanqanaba e-cholesterol egazini esanda, amafutha agcinwa eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi yethu, nto leyo enokuyivala. Yiyo loo nto sisenza njalo.I-atherosclerosis yinto eyiyo.

Ngoko ke, i-HDL ibizwa ngokuba yi-cholesterol 'elungileyo' okanye 'eluncedo' kuba isusa i-cholesterol egqithisileyo. Ayipheleli apho, i-cholesterol ye-HDL ikwasebenza ngokuchasene nokudumba kunye nee-oxidants emizimbeni yethu, inceda ukugcina iiseli zethu zomelele. I-HDL ikwadlala indima ekuthinteleni ukuqhekeka kwegazi.

Ndingalazi njani inqanaba lam le-HDL?

Kulula ukukufumanisa oku. Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba yi-'lipid panel' . Ingxelo iya kukunika ulwazi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cholesterol yakho, kuquka nenqanaba lakho le-HDL.

Ingakanani i-HDL elungileyo?

Imeko efanelekileyo kukuba inqanaba lakho le-HDL libe yi-60 milligrams nge-deciliter (mg/dL) okanye ngaphezulu . Uphando lubonise ukuba ukuba namanqanaba aphezulu e-HDL anje kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo , oko kuthetha isifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo.

Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwamanqanaba e-cholesterol ye-HDL kubantu abadala luyahluka kancinci ngokwesini:

• Kumadoda: 40 mg/dL okanye ngaphezulu.
• Kwabasetyhini: 50 mg/dL okanye ngaphezulu.

Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neziphumo zengxelo yakho ye -lipid panel uze uqonde kakuhle indlela ezikuchaphazela ngayo.

Akulunganga na ukuba ne-HDL ephantsi?

Ewe, akulunganga ukuba namanqanaba e-HDL angekho kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, aphantsi. Sithi abantu abanamanqanaba aphantsi e-HDL 'bane-HDL ephantsi'. Oko kubi kwimpilo.

Ngaba ukonyusa i-HDL nako kuyingxaki?

Nantsi enye ingongoma ebalulekileyo. Akulunganga ukuba amanqanaba e-HDL abe phezulu kakhulu. Oko kukuthi, ukuba aya phezulu kakhulu kune-80 mg/dL, kunokukhawulezisa ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi ebizwa ngokuba yi-atherosclerosis esiyikhankanyileyo ngaphambili. Ezinye iimeko zonyango ezisisiseko zinokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-HDL abe phantsi okanye aphezulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga.

Zithini izizathu zokuba i-HDL iphantsi?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol ye-HDL asenokuba phantsi. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Isifo saseTangier: Esi sisifo semfuza esibangela ukuba amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol ye-HDL ehle kakhulu.
• I-Familial combined hyperlipidemia: Le yimeko yemfuza. Kule meko, amanqanaba e-HDL ayancitshiswa kwaye amanqanaba e-LDL, aziwa ngokuba yi-cholesterol embi, ayanda.
• Ukunqongophala kwe-ApoA1: Abantu abanale meko yemfuza abavelisi ngokwaneleyo iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-apolipoprotein A1, eyinxalenye ephambili ye-HDL.
• Isifo seMetabolic:Oku kukudibanisa izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo, kuquka namanqanaba aphantsi e-HDL kunesiqhelo.
• Isalathisi sobunzima bomzimba (i-BMI) engaphezulu kwama-25 (ukutyeba kakhulu/ukutyeba kakhulu): Xa ubunzima bomzimba busanda, oko kunokukhokelela ekuncipheni kwamanqanaba e-HDL.
• Ukutshaya okanye ukusebenzisa icuba: I-Nicotine, ikhemikhali efumaneka kwicuba, yehlisa amanqanaba e-HDL. Esi siphumo sibi asibonwa kuphela kwicuba nakwi-bidis, kodwa nakwimveliso yecuba yonke, kuquka ne-e-cigarettes.
• Ukumelana ne-insulin: Xa amafutha omzimba esanda, kuba nzima ukuba i-insulin yomzimba wethu ilawule ngokufanelekileyo amanqanaba eswekile egazini. Oku kunokunciphisa amanqanaba e-HDL.
• Amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo: Amanye amayeza, umzekelo, ii-beta-blockers, iihomoni ezithile, okanye ii-diuretics ezithile (amayeza anyusa ukuchama) anokunciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol ye-HDL.

Zithini izizathu zokwanda kwe-HDL?

Inqanaba le-HDL eliphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga lichazwa njengenqanaba elingaphezulu kwe-80 mg/dL. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'HDL ephakanyisiweyo'.

Esinye isizathu sokuba amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol ye-HDL abe phezulu kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo . Utshintsho kwezinye izakhi zofuzo lunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho wenze i-cholesterol ye-HDL eninzi kakhulu okanye ube neengxaki zokuyisusa emzimbeni wakho. Umzekelo, utshintsho kwizakhi zofuzo ze-CETP lunokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-HDL abe ngaphezulu kwe-150 mg/dL.

Kukho ezinye izizathu zokuba i-HDL inokuba phezulu ngokungaqhelekanga:

• I-Hyperthyroidism: Oku kuthetha ukwanda komsebenzi we-thyroid gland.
• I-cholangitis ye-biliary ephambili: Esi sisifo esichaphazela imibhobho ye-bile yesibindi.
• Ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala: Ukusela kakhulu.
• Amanye amayeza.

Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-HDL liphezulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho uza kuphanda unobangela aze agqibe ukuba ufuna unyango na.

Indlela yokunyusa amanqanaba e-HDL?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho uze ufumane iingcebiso ezilungele impilo yakho kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iimeko zempilo onokuba nazo. Kodwa ngokubanzi, kukho utshintsho oluthile kwindlela ophila ngayo olunokunceda ukonyusa amanqanaba akho e-HDL. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Uphando lubonise ukuba ukutya kwaseMeditera kulungile kwimpilo yentliziyo iyonke kwaye kunceda ukulawula amanqanaba e-cholesterol. Kubandakanya iziqhamo ezininzi, imifuno, iimbotyi (ezifana neembotyi kunye neelentile), kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo. Ikwanayo ne -omega-3 fatty acids.Ukutya okunceda ukonyusa i-cholesterol ye-HDL kuquka iintlanzi ezinamafutha ezifana ne-salmon kunye ne-mackerel, imbewu yeflax, kunye nee-walnuts.
• Ziphephe okanye uzinciphise ukutya okungenampilo: Ziphephe iidonathi eziqhotsiweyo okanye izinto ezibhakiweyo eziqulethe amafutha e-trans (ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziioyile ezifakwe ihydrogen). Kwakhona, zinciphise ukutya okuqulethe amafutha agcweleyo . Umzekelo, isoseji, itshizi, ibhekoni, kunye nebhotolo.
• Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzilolonga nge-aerobic kunokunceda ukunyusa i-cholesterol ye-HDL. Zimisele ukuzilolonga ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezintlanu okanye ngaphezulu ngeveki. Ukuba awukaze uzilolonga kakhulu ngaphambili, kulungile. Qala ngemizuzu emihlanu ukuya kwelishumi ngosuku uze unyuke kancinci kancinci. Kodwa qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale isicwangciso esitsha sokuzilolonga.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo: Ukunciphisa ubunzima, ingakumbi amafutha esiswini, kunceda ukuphucula amanqanaba e-HDL.
• Kuphephe ukusetyenziswa kwecuba: Ukutshaya, ukutshaya i-vaping, kunye nokusebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba kunciphisa i-HDL. Ngoko ke, ukuba awusebenzisi icuba okwangoku, musa ukuqala. Ukuba uyayisebenzisa, kubalulekile ukuzama ukuyeka. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela zokukunceda uyeke. Ukutshaya okutshayayo nako kuyingozi. Ukuba uhlala nomntu otshayayo, mxhase ekuyekeni - kulungile kuye kwaye kulungile kuwe.
• Ukusebenzisa amayeza: Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anjenge -'PCSK9 inhibitors' okanye 'ezetimibe' ukunceda ukonyusa amanqanaba e-HDL.

Oko sifuna ukukuthatha kweli bali

Ukuqonda ingxelo yakho yovavanyo lwe-cholesterol ngamanye amaxesha kunokudida kancinci, akunjalo? Kukho amagama amaninzi ekufuneka uwafunde, kwaye kunokuba nzima ukukhumbula ukuba yintoni i-cholesterol 'elungileyo' kunye neyiphi i-cholesterol 'embi'.

Xa uthetha nge-HDL, khumbula ukuba u-'H' umele 'Uncedo'. I-cholesterol ye-HDL ilungile kuba inceda ukususa i-cholesterol egqithisileyo egazini lakho.

Yiyo loo nto ukugcina amanqanaba e-HDL asempilweni kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Ukuba amanqanaba akho e-HDL akakho kumanqanaba afanelekileyo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokuphucula. Ungakhathazeki, uninzi lwexesha, ungayilawula le meko ngokwenza utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela ophila ngayo kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uthathe amayeza athile anikwe ngugqirha wakho. Ndikunqwenelela ithamsanqa!

"I-Cholesterol, i-HDL, i-cholesterol elungileyo, isifo sentliziyo, uvavanyo lwegazi, indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukutya