Ngaba ukhe weva ngalo mthambo we-brachiocephalic emzimbeni wakho? Masithethe ngawo ngokulula!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngomthambo wegazi obaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu onokuthi awuzange uve ngawo. Lo ngumthambo wegazi we-brachiocephalic. Nangona eli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, umsebenzi walo ulula kakhulu kwaye ubalulekile. Wenza umsebenzi omhle wokuthwala igazi kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lomzimba wethu.

Yintoni le mithambo yegazi ibizwa ngokuba yi-brachiocephalic artery?

Ngamafutshane, umthambo wakho we-brachiocephalic ngumthambo wegazi ophuma kwi-aorta, umthambo omkhulu osesifubeni sakho. Ngaba wakha wayibona inxalenye egobileyo yentonga? Yiyo loo nto umphezulu we-aorta yethu ubonakala ngayo, kwaye siyibiza ngokuba yi-aortic arch. Umthambo we-brachiocephalic ngumthambo wegazi wokuqala ophuma kwi-aortic arch. Unceda ukubonelela ngegazi kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lomzimba wakho.

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba:

• Isiqu seBrachiocephalic: Kuba sifana nesiqu samasebe amabini amakhulu emithambo yegazi.
• Umthambo ongenamthungo: Eli ligama elidala.

Umthambo wakho we-brachiocephalic yinxalenye yenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, inkqubo ethwala igazi kuyo yonke imizimba yethu.

Kwenzeka ntoni kwi-brachiocephalic artery?

Umthambo we-brachiocephalic wenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Uthwala igazi elicocekileyo nelicebileyo ngeoksijini ukuya kwizitho zomzimba nakwizicubu ezikwinxalenye ephezulu yomzimba wethu. Ngokukodwa, uthatha igazi kwi-aorta yakho uze ulithumele kumthambo wakho we-subclavian wasekunene nakwi-common carotid artery yasekunene. Eli gazi libonelela ngeoksijini kunye nezondlo kwingalo yakho ephezulu yasekunene, kwicala lasekunene lobuchopho bakho, kwicala lasekunene lobuso bakho, nakwicala lasekunene lentamo yakho. Khawucinge ngomsebenzi omkhulu onokwenziwa yile mthambo mncinci!

Ingaba le mithambo yegazi ithwala igazi elineoksijini okanye igazi elingenaoksijini?

Umbuzo omhle! Umthambo wakho we-brachiocephalic uthwala igazi elineoksijini . Intliziyo yethu ipompa igazi elicocekileyo, elineoksijini lingene kwi-aorta. Ukusuka apho, eli gazi lihamba ngeminye imithambo ephuma kwi-aorta (kuquka nomthambo we-brachiocephalic) ukuze yondle imizimba yethu.

Iphi i-brachiocephalic artery?

Umthambo we-brachiocephalic (okanye isiqu) ukwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesifuba sakho, ngaphezulu kwentliziyo yakho nangaphantsi kancinci kwentamo yakho. Ngokuchanekileyo, ukwindawo yesifuba sakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Mediastinum". Le ndawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Mediastinum" ibaluleke kakhulu kuba iqulethe intliziyo yakho kunye nezinye iindawo zemithambo yegazi emikhulu.

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, umthambo we-brachiocephalic lisebe lokuqala elivela kwi-`(Aortic arch)` yakho, eli candelo liphezulu eligobileyo le-aorta yakho. ``Okokuqala'' kuthetha ukuba lisebe elikufutshane nentliziyo yakho. Nangona kunjalo, asilosebe lokuqala elivela kwi-`(Aorta)` yakho. Kuba, ngaphambi kwe-`(Aortic arch)`, kukho inxalenye ye-aorta yakho ephuma entliziyweni yakho, ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ascending aorta)`. Imithambo ye-coronary ehambisa igazi kwimisipha yentliziyo yakho yahluka kule `(Ascending aorta)`. Ngoko ke, isebe lokuqala elivela kwi-aorta yakho yimithambo ye-coronary yakho.

Okubalulekileyo kukuba, umthambo we-brachiocephalic awungomnye wemithambo yegazi ephambili yentliziyo, kwaye awudibani ngqo negumbi lentliziyo. Lisebe nje le-aorta.

Ngawaphi amasebe amabini aphambili omthambo we-brachiocephalic?

Lo mthambo we-brachiocephalic wahlukana ube ngamasebe amabini njengoko uhamba usuka entliziyweni, oko kukuthi, usiya phezulu. Olu hlulo lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Bifurcates)`. La masebe mabini ngala:

• Umthambo we-subclavian wasekunene: Lo mthombo unika igazi kwinxalenye ephezulu yengalo yakho yasekunene. Ukwafumana igazi kwiindawo zentloko yakho, entanyeni, nasesifubeni.
• Umthambo we-carotid oqhelekileyo ofanelekileyo: Oku kunika igazi engqondweni yakho nakwezinye iindawo zentloko yakho, ebusweni nasentanyeni.

Ezi zibizwa ngokuba ngamasebe esiphelo kuba umthambo we-brachiocephalic uphela apha. Olu hluko lwenzeka kwi-sternoclavicular joint yasekunene, apho i-clavicle kunye ne-sternum kudibana khona kwicala lakho lasekunene.

Ingakanani le mithambo yegazi ye-brachiocephalic?

Umthambo we-brachiocephalic (isiqu) udla ngokuba malunga neesentimitha ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-5 ubude . Ububanzi bawo, okanye ububanzi, bumalunga neemilimitha ezili-10.5 ukuya kwezili-13.7 . Umncinci, kodwa wenza umsebenzi omninzi, akunjalo?

Yenziwe ngantoni le nto?

Njengeminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, umthambo we-brachiocephalic unodonga olwenziwe ngamaleya amathathu:

• I-Tunica intima `(Tunica intima / interna)`: Le yilaphu elingaphakathi. Ine-lining eyenziwe ngohlobo lweseli olubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Endothelial cells)`. Yile nto inceda igazi ukuba lihambe kakuhle ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
• I-Tunica media: Le yingqimba ephakathi. Iiseli zemisipha ezigudileyo kule ngqimba zinceda umthambo ukuba ukhule kwaye unciphe njengoko kufuneka, ngaloo ndlela zilawula ukuhamba kwegazi.
• I-Tunica adventitia (i-Tunica adventitia / yangaphandle): Le yilaphu engaphandle. Inika amandla kunye nenkxaso kwimithambo yegazi. Le laphu yenziwe yi-collagen kunye nezinye izicubu ezinxibelelanayo.

Ngaba kukho naluphi na utshintsho olukhoyo kwisakhiwo semithambo ye-brachiocephalic?

Ewe, ngenene. Ekubeni umthambo we-brachiocephalic wahlulwe yigophe le-aorta, utshintsho olwahlukeneyo kule arch ye-aortic lunokuchaphazela nendawo yomthambo we-brachiocephalic. Utshintsho oluqhelekileyo kwi-arch ye-aortic yipateni apho kuhlulwe khona amasebe amabini kuphela.

Ngokwesiqhelo, imithambo yegazi emithathu iphuma ngqo kwi-aortic arch yakho. Le yile:

• Umthambo weBrachiocephalic (umboko).
• Umthambo we-subclavian wasekhohlo.
• Umthambo we-carotid oqhelekileyo wasekhohlo.

Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu, endaweni yezi zintathu, ngamasebe amabini kuphela anokuvela kwi-`(Aortic arch)`. Iipateni ezimbini ezinjalo zezi:

1. Umthambo we-brachiocephalic kunye nomthambo we-carotid oqhelekileyo wasekhohlo zivela kwindawo enye: Oku kuthetha ukuba zombini imithambo ivela kwisiqu esifanayo, esiqhelekileyo, i-"Aortic arch". Umthambo we-subclavian wasekhohlo wahlukana waba lisebe lesibini elahlukileyo, i-"Left subclavian artery".

2. Umthambo we-carotid oqhelekileyo waseLeft ovela kwi-brachiocephalic artery: Kule ndawo, endaweni yokuba uvele ngqo kwi-aortic arch, umthambo we-carotid oqhelekileyo waseLeft uphuma kwi-brachiocephalic artery. Olu hluko ludla ngokuvela malunga nesentimitha enye ukusuka kwi-aortic arch. Umthambo we-subclavian oseLeft uyahlukana ngokwahlukeneyo.

Olu tshintsho alusoloko luyingxaki enkulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba oogqirha baluqaphele.

Ngaba kukho imithambo ye-brachiocephalic yasekunene neyasekhohlo?

Uninzi lwabantu lune -brachiocephalic artery enye kuphela . Ikwicala lasekunene lesifuba. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, ngotshintsho oluthile kwi-`(Aortic arch)`, kunokubakho i-brachiocephalic arteries kumacala omabini asekunene nasekhohlo, okanye kunokubakho enye kuphela kwicala lasekhohlo. Ezi ziimeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu.

Ziziphi iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela umthambo we-brachiocephalic?

Umthambo we-brachiocephalic unokuchaphazeleka ziimeko ezithile zempilo. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• I-Tracheo-innominate fistula (TIF): Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. I-TIF lunxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga phakathi kombhobho wakho womoya (i-trachea) kunye nomthambo we-innominate (brachiocephalic). Le yingxaki esongela ubomi ye-tracheostomy, inkqubo yotyando entanyeni yokugcina umoya uvulekile. Inokubangela ukopha okukhulu, ngoko ke utyando lufuneka ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ubune-tracheostomy ixesha elide, ugqirha wakho unokwenza ii-CT scans ukujonga umngcipheko wokuba ne-TIF.

• I-atherosclerosis: Isifo se-atherosclerosis:Usenokuba ukhe weva ngale nto. I-atherosclerosis yimeko apho iidipozithi zamafutha (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-plaque) ziqokelelana ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi, nto leyo enokubangela ukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Xa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni kuncipha ngale ndlela (isifo se-cerebrovascular), uninzi lwezizathu kukuba iidipozithi zamafutha kwimithambo yegazi ye-carotid. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, iidipozithi zamafutha zinokwakheka kwimithambo yegazi ye-brachiocephalic kwaye zibangele ukuba inciphe. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, unyango olufana nokubekwa kwe-stent lunokufuneka ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi.

• I-Aneurysm: I-aneurysm kukudumba eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yobuthathaka. Ii-Aneurysms kwimithambo yegazi ye-brachiocephalic azixhaphakanga kakhulu. Ii-Supra-aortic aneurysms zenzeka kwimithambo yegazi engaphezulu kwe-aortic arch, ezimalunga ne-3 kwiimeko ezili-100.

Ndingayigcina njani imithambo yam ye-brachiocephalic iphilile?

Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukugcina kungekuphela nje imithambo yakho ye-brachiocephalic, kodwa nayo yonke eminye imithambo yomzimba wakho isempilweni. Nazi ezimbalwa:

• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa icuba: Ukutshaya, ukuvasa, nokusebenzisa icuba elingenamsi konke kuwela kolu didi.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo entliziyweni okunamafutha agcweleyo kunye nesodium: Uphando lufumanise ukuba iipatheni zokutya ezifana nokutya kwaseMeditera zilungile kwintliziyo nakwimithambo yegazi.
• Zilolonge rhoqo: Zama ukwenza umthambo we-aerobic (owonyusa izinga lokuphefumla kwakho) ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo: Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba bubungakanani ubunzima obufanelekileyo kuwe kwaye ungabufikelela njani kubo.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala: Akufanelanga kusetyenziswe ngaphezulu kwe-`(isiselo)` esinye ngosuku kubafazi. Akufanelanga kusetyenziswe ngaphezulu kwe-`(isiselo)` ezimbini ngosuku kumadoda.
• Lawula uxinezeleko: Funda iindlela ezintsha zokuphumla.
• Sebenzisa amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ewayalele: Oku kuquka amayeza e-cholesterol kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Zama ukulala ngokwaneleyo: Kubantu abadala, ukulala iiyure ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezisithoba ngosuku kulungile kwimpilo yentliziyo nakwimpilo iyonke.
• Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo: Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Ungaphoswa ziintlanganiso zikagqirha wakho.

Ukufunda ngemithambo yethu yegazi, kunye nezinye iindawo zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa kunokuba nomdla kakhulu. Usenokuba ufunda ngezi zinto ngenxa yemeko yempilo okanye ngenxa nje yokufuna ukwazi. Nangona kunjalo, ungaze unqikaze ukubuza ugqirha wakho nayiphi na imibuzo onayo. I-Anatomy yinto enzima, kwaye ayingomzimba womntu wonke ofanayo. Ngoko ke, xa udibanisa oko ukufundayo nolwazi lukagqirha wakho, kulula ukufumana umfanekiso opheleleyo.

Izinto esifanele sizikhumbule kweli bali (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ukuyibeka ngokulula, i-Brachiocephalic Artery esithethe ngayo namhlanje,

Lo ngumthambo wegazi obalulekileyo ophuma kwi-aorta yethu. Lo mthambo wegazi unika igazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi, ingakumbi kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lomzimba wethu, oko kukuthi, ingalo yasekunene, icala lasekunene lentamo, icala lasekunene lentloko, kunye necala lasekunene lobuchopho.

Sithethe ngendawo ekuyo, ubungakanani bayo, njl. Sithethe nangeemeko ezininzi zempilo ezinokuyichaphazela, kunye nento esinokuyenza ukugcina le mithambo isempilweni.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni ukuze lo mthambo ugcine uphilile, njengayo nayiphi na enye inxalenye yomzimba wethu. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo ngale nto, ngokuqinisekileyo thetha nogqirha. Leyo yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza.

Umthambo weBrachiocephalic , iAorta, iMithambo yeGazi, ukujikeleza kwegazi, impilo yentliziyo