Izinto ekufuneka uzazi malunga neeTaste Buds!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba singcamla njani ukutya okanye isiselo? Ezinye ukutya zimnandi kakhulu kuthi, ngelixa ezinye zingenancasa kangako. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa sifaka ukutya okonakeleyo emlonyeni wethu, siyaqonda ukuba, 'Owu, oku akulunganga ukukutya.' Konke oku kuncedwa ngamalungu amancinci olwimi lwethu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngaloo maqhuqhuva okungcamla, okanye `(amaqhuqhuva okungcamla)`.

Zithini ezi zinongo zokungcamla?

Ngamafutshane, amaqhuqhuva okungcamla zizinto ezincinci, kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu kulwimi lwethu. Ukuba ujonga ulwimi lwakho esipilini, uya kubona ukuba kukho amaqhuqhuva amancinci, afana neenati kulwimi. Ngaphakathi kwezo maqhuqhuva kukho amaqhuqhuva okungcamla. Siwabiza la maqhuqhuva ngokuba yi-papillae . La maqhuqhuva okungcamla asixelela ukuba izinto esizityayo nesiziselayo zinjani, nokuba zimnandi okanye zimbi. Olu lwazi lulo olubangela ukuba ukutya ukutya kube mnandi kwaye lunike imizimba yethu izondlo ezifunekayo. Akunjalo nje kuphela, kodwa xa sifaka into emlonyeni wethu engafanelekanga ukutyiwa, njengobisi olonakeleyo okanye iqhekeza lenyama ebolileyo, ngala maqhuqhuva okungcamla asilumkisa athi, 'Hayi, akunjalo.'

Zifumaneka phi iincasa zokungcamla?

Uninzi lwexesha, iincasa zokungcamla zifumaneka kulo lonke ulwimi lwethu . Kodwa kancinci, zifumaneka naphezu komlomo wethu nasemqaleni wethu. Iincasa zokungcamla elulwimini zezo ziqhuma ndizikhankanyileyo ngaphambili, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-papillae. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zee-papillae eziqulethe iincasa zokungcamla:

• Iipapillae zefungiform: Ezi zifumaneka emacaleni nasencamini yolwimi. Kukho amaqhuqhuva okungcamla amalunga ne-1,600 kule ndawo.
• Iipapillae ezijikelezayo: Ezi zifumaneka ngasemva kolwimi. Ziqulethe amaqhuqhuva okungcamla amalunga nama-250.
• Iipapillae zefoliate: Ezi zifumaneka ngasemva kolwimi, macala omabini. Kukho malunga nama-20 ezi papillae, nganye kuzo inokuqulatha amakhulu eencasa zokungcamla.

Kodwa kukho ingcamango ephosakeleyo yokuba kukho iindawo ezahlukeneyo kulwimi ngokwencasa nganye. Akukho ndawo zikhethekileyo ezinjalo. Iincasa zencasa ezimnandi, ezinetyuwa, ezikrakra, ezimuncu kunye ne-umami zisasazeke kulo lonke ulwimi. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iindawo zolwimi zinovelwano ngakumbi kwiincasa ezithile . Umzekelo, iincasa ezingasemva kolwimi zinovelwano kakhulu kwiincasa ezikrakra. Oku mhlawumbi luphawu oluvela kwindaleko. Kuba izinto ezinetyhefu zihlala ziqulathe izinto ezibonakala ngathi zikrakra kwaye azimnandi. Ngoko ke ukuqonda ukuba into ethile ayimnandi (kwaye mhlawumbi iyingozi) ngaphambi kokuyiginya kunokusindisa ubomi bethu.

Ijongeka njani incasa yengca?

Cinga ngayo njenge-pith yeorenji ehlutyiweyo, okanye njengehlumela lerozi, elineeseli ezininzi eziqokeleleneyo. Yiyo loo nto ihlumela lokungcamla libonakala ngayo. Phezulu kweli 'hlumela lerozi', kukho umngxuma omncinci obizwa ngokuba yi-'taste pore' . Kulapho izinto esizityayo nesiziselayo zingena khona zize ziqhagamshele neeseli zokungcamla ezingaphakathi.

Iyintoni indlela eyakhiwe ngayo incasa?

I-tastebud yingqokelela yeeseli ezikwi-papillae kulwimi endilukhankanyileyo. Ineenxalenye eziphambili ezininzi:

• Iiseli ze-Taste receptor: Kukho phakathi kwama-50 ukuya kwi-150 ezi seli kwi-taste bud enye. Ezi seli ziqulathe ii-receptors ezifikelela phezulu kwi-taste pore. Ezi zakhiwo zifana ne-fiber ezijonge phezulu sizibiza ngokuba yi-microvilli . Ezi microvilli zidibana neekhemikhali ezikukutya esikutyayo. Ezi seli ze-taste receptor zidibene nemithambo-luvo ethwala imiqondiso yencasa engqondweni. Ingqondo ibhalisa ikhemikhali edibana nezi receptors njenge-sweet, salt, njl.njl.
• Iiseli zeBasal: Ezi ziiseli ezisisiseko eziya kuba ziiseli ezintsha ze-taste receptor kwixesha elizayo, ezifana neeseli ze-stem. Umzimba wethu wenza iiseli ezintsha ze-taste receptor malunga neentsuku ezili-10 .
• Iiseli ezixhasayo / Iiseli ezigcina incasa: Ezi seli zikwafumaneka ngaphakathi kwii-taste buds, kunye neeseli ze-taste receptor. Nangona kunjalo, nangona zikhona kwii-taste buds, azikwazi ukubona incasa. Zisebenza njengeeseli ezixhasayo kwezinye iiseli.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeencasa ezibonwa ziincasa?

Izihlunu zethu zokungcamla zinokubona iintlobo ezintlanu eziphambili zeencasa . Nazi:

• Iiswiti: Ukutya okuswiti kudla ngokuba nohlobo oluthile lweswekile (umz., i-sucrose, i-glucose, i-fructose, i-lactose). Oku kuquka izinto ezifana nobusi, iziqhamo kunye ne-ayisikhrim.
• Ityuwa: Ukutya okunetyuwa kuqulethe ityuwa esiyityayo (i-sodium chloride) kunye neeminerali ezifana ne-magnesium kunye ne-potassium. Cinga ngee-pretzels, iitships, kunye neepopcorn ze-movie theatre.
• Okukrakra: Ukutya okukrakrayo kunokuqulatha izinto ezifana ne-caffeine okanye izinto ezivela kwizityalo. Okukrakra yincasa eyinkimbinkimbi. Abanye abantu bayakonwabela ukutya okukrakrayo okufana nekofu kunye netshokholethi emnyama, ngelixa abanye bengenakonwabela.
• Incasa emuncu: Ukutya okumuncu okufana nelamuni kunye neviniga kudla ngokuba nohlobo oluthile lwe-asidi (i-acetic acid, i-citric acid, i-lactic acid).
• I-Umami: I-Umami yincasa enika umbono wokuba inenyama, okanye ityebile kakhulu, okanye imnandi. Ukutya okuninzi okubonwa ziincasa zethu njenge-umami kuqulethe into ebizwa ngokuba yi-glutamate. Imizekelo ye-umami ibandakanya iitumato, i-asparagus, intlanzi, amakhowa, kunye nesoya.

Izitho zakho zokungcamla zibona ezi ncasa zidibene. Yiyo loo nto amava okungcamla ukutya neziselo eyinkimbinkimbi kangaka. Umzekelo, ukutya kusenokuba mnandi kakhulu, kodwa kusenokuba neencasa ezinetyuwa kunye ne-umami. Okanye isiselo sinokuba krakra kakhulu, kodwa sinokuba nencasa ethile. Cinga ngako, xa sitya i-chicken curry elungileyo, kukudibana kwezinto ezininzi ezifana netyuwa, iziqholo, kunye ne-umami ezenza sizive sinolu hlobo lukhethekileyo.

Zisebenza njani izihlunu zokungcamla?

Iincasa zokungcamla zisebenza ngee -receptors zevumba empumlweni yethu ukuze zisinike incasa epheleleyo yokutya. Khawuthelekelele, xa uhlafuna ukutya, amazinyo akho kunye namathe emlonyeni wakho asebenzisana ukuqhekeza ukutya. Njengoko uhlafuna, iikhemikhali ezikukutya ziyakhululwa. Ezi ziya kwiincasa zakho zokungcamla. Ezi signali zekhemikhali zihamba zinyuka ngeempumlo ziye kwii-receptors ezikwimpumlo yakho. Emva koko, xa ezi signali zivela empumlweni yakho nasemlonyeni zidibana, sifumana amava apheleleyo 'encasa nevumba' lokutya. Khawuthelekelele, xa uvala impumlo yakho uze utye ukutya, incasa ayinyamalali ngokupheleleyo, kodwa incasa inokutshintsha, okanye ubunzulu bayo bunokuncipha, akunjalo? Nantsi isizathu.

Oko kuthetha ukuba, oko sikubiza ngokuba 'kumnandi' ngokwenene kukudibanisa incasa nevumba!

Akuphelelanga apho, kodwa kukho nezinye iintlobo zeeseli emlonyeni nasemqaleni wakho ezinokubona ukuba ukutya okanye isiselo kushushu okanye kubanda kangakanani. Xa uthi 'kushushu', uthetha ubushushu kunye nokuba bukhali. Xa uthi 'kubanda', uthetha ubushushu kunye nezinye iimvakalelo zokungcamla, njengemint okanye i-eucalyptus. Kukudibana kwezi seli ezininzi zeemvakalelo ezibumba amava oko sikutyayo nesikuselayo.

Zingaphi iincasa esinazo?

Umntu omdala oqhelekileyo uneencasa zokungcamla eziphakathi kwama-2,000 nama-10,000 . Njengoko sikhula, inani lezi ncasa liyancipha. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantwana abancinci baneencasa zokungcamla ezininzi kunabantu abadala. Kwakhona, ubungakanani kunye nenani leencasa zokungcamla ziyahluka kumntu nomntu.

Ngenxa yolu mahluko, nangona wonke umntu enokungcamla iincasa ezintlanu eziphambili, indlela ezibonwa ngayo ezo ncasa, oko kukuthi, indlela abantu abazibona ngayo izinto kunye namava abo, inokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Ukutya owawukuthanda usengumntwana kusenokungabi mnandi njengoko ukhula. Ngokufanayo, indlela oziva ngayo iincasa inokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha njengoko ukhula.

Ingakanani incasa yengcambu?

Iincasa zencasa ziza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Ngokomyinge, enye imalunga ne-30th yemilimitha ububanzi kunye ne-16th yemilimitha ubude. Ungayicinga indlela encinci ngayo loo nto?

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba uRasa Naharika ahlaziywe?

Iiseli ezintsha ze-taste receptor ziveliswa kwezo seli zisisiseko malunga kabini ngeveki (ngesiqhelo rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezili-10). Oku kuthetha ukuba ii-taste buds zethu zihlala zihlaziywa. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko sikhula, izinga ezi seli zintsha eziveliswa ngalo linokuncipha, kwaye inani lilonke linokuncipha. Yiyo loo nto indlela esinambitha ngayo incasa itshintsha ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ebomini bethu. Ukutya okuthandayo njengomntu omdala kunokwahluka kokutya owawukuthanda xa wawusemncinci. Kwakhona, indlela obona ngayo incasa yakho iyatshintsha njengoko ukhula.

Ziziphi izifo kunye neengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela ama-taste buds?

Kukho iqela leemeko ezichaphazela amandla ethu okungcamla, esizibiza ngokuba 'ziingxaki zokungcamla' . Ezinye zazo zezi:

• U-Ageusia: Ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kwemvakalelo yokungcamla.
• I-Dysgeusia: Ukuphazamiseka kwemvakalelo yokungcamla (umz., ukungcamla into emnandi njengekrakra).
• I-Hypergeusia: Imvakalelo egqithisileyo yokungcamla.
• I-Hypogeusia: Ukuncipha kwemvakalelo yokungcamla.
• Ingxaki yokungcamla i-phantom: Incasa engathandekiyo ehlala ihleli emlonyeni nokuba akukho nto ingaphakathi kuyo.

Ukongeza, nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo inokuchaphazela incasa yakho kwaye yenze incasa yokutya yahluke:

• Usulelo lomlomo okanye lomphimbo, kuquka i-gingivitis.
• Iimeko zokudumba emlonyeni (ukudumba, ukuba bomvu).
• Ukungabikho kwevithamini B12 okanye i-zinc.
• Izifo ze-metabolic ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye i-hypothyroidism.
• Izifo ze-neurological ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson kunye ne-multiple sclerosis.
• Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo.
• Isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux, okanye i-chronic acid reflux (GERD).
• Ukutshaya okanye ukuhlafuna icuba.
• Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo.
• Amanye amayeza, anje nge-chemotherapy, okunyanga umhlaza.
• Umlomo owomileyo.
• Ulwimi oluvuthayo.
• Ukudumba kwencasa.

Sizigcina njani izihlunu zethu zokungcamla zisempilweni?

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba izihlunu zakho zokungcamla zihlala zilungiswa kwaye zitshintshwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba isihlunu sokungcamla esonzakeleyo sihlala siphola sodwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umonakalo uyaqhubeka, njengosulelo oluphindaphindwayo okanye ukutshaya, izihlunu zokungcamla zinokuyeka ukuphola kwaye amandla akho okungcamla anokuchaphazeleka.

Ngoko ke, nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuze uthintele umonakalo kwiincasa zakho:

• Musa ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Gcina amazinyo, iintsini, nolwimi lwakho lucocekile. Oko kuthetha ukugcina umlomo wakho ucocekile.
• Vumela ukutya kuphole kancinci ngaphambi kokuba ukutye. Musa ukutshisa ulwimi lwakho ngokutya ukutya okushushu ngokungxama.
• Musa ukubeka izinto ezibandayo kakhulu njengomkhenkce ngqo elulwimini lwakho.

Ukuba uyazinyamekela ezi zinto zincinci, ungagcina izihlunu zakho ziphilile kwaye wonwabele isidlo esimnandi yonke imihla.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngeencasa zokungcamla namhlanje, akunjalo? Khumbula, la malungu mancinci ngawona asinceda singcamla ukutya. Awenza lo msebenzi kunye neeseli zevumba ezimpumlweni zethu.

Iincasa ziyinxalenye emangalisayo yomzimba wethu encinci kodwa yenza umsebenzi omkhulu!

Ukuba unenxeba elincinci kwizihlunu zakho zokungcamla, akukho nto inokubangela uxhalaba ngayo. Ihlala iphola kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini, kwaye uya kukwazi ukonwabela ukutya kwakhona. Okwangoku, lumka ungatshisi ulwimi lwakho ngokuvumela ukutya kwakho kuphole ngaphambi kokuba utye. Ingakumbi, kuphephe ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba, kuba oku kunokubangela umonakalo wexesha elide kwizihlunu zakho zokungcamla.

Ngoko ke, ukuze ubomi bube mnandi, incasa enempilo ibaluleke kakhulu!

` Iincasa zokungcamla, iincasa zokungcamla, incasa yolwimi, ingqiqo yokungcamla, iintlobo zencasa, incasa yokutya, ulwimi, ivumba, ukulahleka kwencasa, izifo zolwimi, i-papilla, i-umami