Ngaba ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ukuba une-high blood pressure, okanye "uxinzelelo" njengoko sonke sisazi? Okanye usela amayeza esifo sentliziyo? Mhlawumbi ukhe weva igama elithi "ACE inhibitor". Olu luhlobo olubalulekileyo lwamayeza adla ngokunikwa ngoogqirha. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokulula nangobuhlobo malunga nolu hlobo lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-ACE inhibitor, indlela asebenza ngayo, iingenelo zawo, iingxaki zawo, kunye nezinto ekufuneka uzilumkele xa uwasebenzisa.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi ACE Inhibitors?
Ii-ACE Inhibitors, okanye ii-Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ziluhlobo lwamayeza anceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokukhusela izintso zakho . Oogqirha basebenzisa olu hlobo lwamayeza ukunyanga iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi.
Nazi iimeko eziphambili apho eli yeza linceda khona:
- Nyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi: Njengoko sonke sisazi, lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi.
- Ukunyanga Ukungaphumeleli Kwentliziyo: Xa intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo.
- Emva kohlaselo lwentliziyo: Ukunceda ekuchacheni nasekuthinteleni ukuphinda kwenzeke isifo sentliziyo emva kohlaselo lwentliziyo.
- Ukuthintela nokulawula isifo sezintso kubantu abanesifo seswekile: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni umonakalo kwizintso obangelwa sisifo seswekile.
- Ziphephe kwabo basengozini enkulu yesifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sohlangothi.
- Ezi zikwasetyenziswa nakwezinye izifo zezintso (umz., i-nephrotic syndrome, i-proteinuria) ezenzeka nakubantu abangenaso isifo seswekile.
Eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Isebenza kanye njengoko igama layo lisitsho. Khawuthelekelele ukuba imizimba yethu ivelisa i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi -Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) ngokwendalo. Le enzyme iguqula ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-Angiotensin I ibe yenye ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-Angiotensin II .
Ngoku, lo mntu ubizwa ngokuba yi-Angiotensin II yeyona nto iqinisa imithambo yegazi yethu, inyuse uxinzelelo lwegazi, kwaye ikwanciphisa ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa namanzi kwizintso.
Ngoko ke into eyenziwa liyeza lethu lokuthintela i-ACE kukuthintela umsebenzi we-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-ACE . Emva koko ukuveliswa kwe-Angiotensin II kuncipha. Ngenxa yoko, imithambo yegazi yakho iyavuleka kwaye iphumle, ityuwa engafunekiyo namanzi akhutshwa kwizintso, kwaye ekugqibeleni uxinzelelo lwegazi lulawulwa kakuhle. Ngamafutshane, yiloo nto eyenzekayo.
Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ze-ACE inhibitors
La mayeza afumaneka kwimarike ngamagama ahlukeneyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa elilungele wena. Eminye imizekelo yile:
- IBenazepril
- I-Captopril
- I-Enalapril
- I-Lisinopril
- I-Ramipril
- I-Perindopril
- I-Quinapril
Uninzi lwazo luza ngendlela yeepilisi ezithathwa ngomlomo.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zale mithi?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba oogqirha badla ngokucebisa olu hlobo lwamayeza.
- Isebenza kakuhle kakhulu: Impumelelo yezi zinto ibonakaliswe luphando lwesayensi.
- Ithintela izifo: Ukongeza ekunyangeni isifo esikhoyo, ikwanceda ekuthinteleni iimeko ezizayo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo.
- Isebenza kakuhle namanye amayeza: Ngamanye amaxesha la mayeza eza kwipilisi enye, edibene namanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Ikhuselekile ngokubanzi: Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zihlala zincinci. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu azifumaneki.
| Uhlobo lwesiphumo esibi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
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| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga |
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Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Angakutshintsha uye kwelinye iyeza, ingakumbi ukuba kukho into efana nokukhwehlela okomileyo ekukhathazayo.Musa ukuyeka ukuzithathela amayeza wedwa.
Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule xa usebenzisa iyeza
- Ixesha lokusela amayeza: Ezinye izithinteli ze-ACE zicetyiswa ngugqirha wakho ukuba zithathwe malunga neyure ngaphambi kokutya. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukutya kunokunciphisa ukufunxwa kwamayeza malunga ne-30%-40%. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho rhoqo.
- Ukuba uphoswe yidosi: Thatha idosi ongayithathanga ngokukhawuleza xa ukhumbula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sele kusondele ixesha lomthamo wakho olandelayo, yeka idosi ongayithathanga uze uthathe idosi elandelayo ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Ungaze uthathe iidosi ezimbini ngaxeshanye ukuze "ufikelele kwizinga elifunekayo." Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lwehle kakhulu.
- Musa ukuvuka ngequbuliso: Xa uqala ukusela eli yeza, ungaziva unesiyezi xa usukuma ngequbuliso uhleli okanye ulele. Ngoko ke linda ixesha uze uvuke kancinci.
- Lisebenzise rhoqo: Qhubeka usela amayeza njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha wakho. Ukuliyeka ngequbuliso kunokubangela ukunyuka ngequbuliso koxinzelelo lwegazi, okunokukhokelela ekuhlaselweni yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi.
- Lumka ngamanye amayeza: Xelela ugqirha wakho ngamanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, ingakumbi amayeza okudambisa iintlungu (ii-NSAID - umz., i-Ibuprofen, i-Diclofenac), anokuchaphazela eli yeza.
- Ityuwa kunye nePotassium: Oogqirha bacebisa ukunciphisa ityuwa ekutyeni kwakho. Kwakhona, buza ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise izinto ezithatha indawo yetyuwa ezine-potassium.
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU) okanye ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko . Ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu zesifo esinzulu.
| Iimeko ezingxamisekileyo - Hlala uphaphile! | |
|---|---|
| Ukudumba kobuso, umlomo, ulwimi, okanye umqala | Olu luphawu lwe-allergy enkulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-Angioedema. Inokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Iimpawu eziqatha zokunganyamezelani komzimba | Ukurhawuzelelwa kakhulu, ukurhawuzelelwa kakhulu, ubunzima bokuginya okanye ukuphefumla. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo okanye ukuquleka | Kungaba luphawu lokuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luphantsi ngendlela eyingozi. |
| I-Jaundice | Ukutyheli kwamehlo okanye ulusu. Oku kungaba luphawu lwengxaki enkulu yesibindi. |
| Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi | Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukungaziva mnandi engalweni, ubunzima bokuthetha. |
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zamayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ngoko ke kunokuba nzima ukuwaqonda onke. Ii-ACE inhibitors zikhetho lokuqala loogqirha, kwaye zisebenza kakhulu kwaye zikhuselekile. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nala mayeza, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye umcacisele.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-ACE Inhibitors zibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo sezintso.
- Kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza njengoko ugqirha ewachazile, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nangomlinganiselo ochanekileyo.
- Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Ukukhwehlela okomileyo sisiphumo esiqhelekileyo. Ukuba kuyakukhathaza, thetha nogqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinzima ezifana nokudumba kobuso okanye umphimbo, ubunzima bokuphefumla, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa, eli yeza alikhuthazwa. Xelela ugqirha wakho.
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