Ukuba ugqirha ukuxelela ukuba "unesiqhuma" kwindawo ethile emzimbeni wakho, umzimba wakho wonke awubanda? Into yokuqala efika engqondweni kukoyika "Ngaba ngumhlaza lo?" Kodwa ayizizo zonke iziqhuma ezingumhlaza. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lwesiqhuma esingengomhlaza, kodwa esifuna ingqalelo. Yi-adenoma leyo.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-adenoma?
Ngamafutshane, i-adenoma sisimila esingengomhlaza (esingenobungozi) . Senziwa kwizicubu ze-epithelial, ezigubungela amalungu kunye namadlala omzimba wethu. Ezi thumba zihlala zikhula zibe ngamaqela. Ukuba ujonga ngokusondeleyo, zifana neekhowa ezincinci ezinesiqu esincinci.
I-adenoma luhlobo lokukhula olubizwa ngokuba yi-polyp. Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha bayibiza ngokuba yi-adenomatous polyp .
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ii-adenomas azingomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ii-adenomas ezinkulu, zinokuguquka zibe ngumhlaza ngokuhamba kwexesha. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ujongwe ngugqirha ngezi zifo.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-adenomas?
Ii-Adenomas zikhula kakhulu kwiindlala zomzimba wethu. Ezi ndlala zivelisa kwaye zikhuphe iikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-hormones ezibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwemizimba yethu. Ngoko ke, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-adenomas. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iintlobo eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lwe-adenoma | Indawo yesiganeko kunye nenkcazo emfutshane |
|---|---|
| I-Adrenal adenomas | Ezi ziveliswa kumadlala e-adrenal akwiindawo ezingaphezulu kwezintso zethu. |
| I-adenomas yamathumbu amakhulu | Ezi luhlobo lwe-polyp oluvela kulwelo lwe-colon. Ezo zinkulu kune-10 mm kwaye zibukeka njenge-cauliflower zibizwa ngokuba yi-'advanced adenomas'. |
| I-adenomas ye-Parathyroid | Ezi ziveliswa kwi-parathyroid glands, ezikufutshane ne-thyroid gland. Oku kunokubangela ukuveliswa kwe-hormone ye-parathyroid ngokugqithisileyo. |
| I-adenomas ye-pituitary | Ezi zikhula kwi-pituitary gland ebuchotsheni. Ezo zincinci kune-1 cm zibizwa ngokuba zii-microadenomas, kwaye ezo zinkulu kune-1 cm zibizwa ngokuba zii-macroadenomas. |
| I-Pleomorphic adenomas | Ezi ziveliswa kwiindlala zethu zamathe. |
| Ii-adenomas ze-sebaceous (ii-adenomas ze-sebaceous glands) | Ezi zenzeka kumadlala avelisa ioyile kumphezulu wesikhumba. |
Ukongeza, ii-adenomas zinokuba "zisebenza" okanye "zingasebenzi." I-adenoma esebenzayo ivelisa iihomoni ezingaphezulu kunezo zifunekayo. I-adenoma engasebenziyo ayivelisi iihomoni. Ngoko ke ukuba une-adenoma engasebenziyo, usenokungabi nazo naziphi na iimpawu.
Ezi ziqhamo zikwahlulwa ngokwendlela ezikhula ngayo.
Oogqirha bakwahlulahlula la ma-adenoma ngokuwajonga phantsi kwe-microscope baze bawahluze ngokwendlela yokwakheka kweeseli. Oku kubalulekile ekumiseleni unyango.
| Ipateni yokukhula | Inkangeleko kunye neempawu |
|---|---|
| Ityhubhu | Zikhula zibe yingqukuva okanye zibe yi-oval. Zihlala zibonakala kwi-adenomas ezincinci kune-0.5 intshi. |
| I-Villous | Zikhula ngendlela egosogoso, engaqhelekanga, njengentyatyambo yekhaphetshu. Le ndlela ixhaphakile kwi-adenomas ezinkulu. |
| I-Tubulovillous | Umxube weendlela zombini ezingentla. |
| I-Sessile | Ikhula ngaphandle kwesiqu, imile ngendlela ethe tyaba, inesiseko esikhulu. |
| Ifakwe i-serrated | Xa ijongwa nge-microscope, ipateni efana namazinyo esarha ibonakala. |
Ziziphi iimpawu ze-adenoma?
Iimpawu zixhomekeke kwindawo kunye nobukhulu be-adenoma. Ezinye ii-adenomas ezincinci zisenokungabangeli zimpawu kwaphela. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonwa:
- Isisu esibuhlungu
- Ukudinwa kakhulu komzimba
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- I-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron
- Ubuthathaka bemisipha
- Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza
- Ukopha emqolo
Kutheni sifumana i-adenomas?
Oku kungenxa yokuba iiseli emzimbeni wethu ziqala ukukhula kwaye zahlukane ngokungalawulekiyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, iiseli emzimbeni wethu zixelelwa ukuba zife ngexesha elithile. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukufa kweeseli okucwangcisiweyo . Xa le nkqubo ingasebenzi kakuhle, iiseli ziyahlangana kwaye zenze iithumba. Iiseli zomhlaza nazo ziyakhula ngale ndlela. Nangona kunjalo, ii-adenoma azinabundlongondlongo njengeeseli zomhlaza kwaye zikhula kancinci kakhulu.
Izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko
Izinto ezithile zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-adenoma.
- Ubudala: Abantu abakwiminyaka yabo yama-30 nama-40 banamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-pituitary adenomas.
- Utshintsho kwimfuza: Ezinye iimeko zemfuza, ezifana neMultiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), zinokubangela i-adenomas. Ezi zizuzwa njengelifa.
- Isifo semfuza: I-Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)Ezinye izifo, ezifana nezo zikhula kwiintsapho, nazo ziyandisa umngcipheko we-adenoma.
- Isini: Abafazi banamathuba aphindwe kabini okufumana i-parathyroid adenomas kunamadoda.
Ugqirha uyibona njani le nto?
Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akuhlole aze akubuze ngembali yakho yezonyango. Emva koko, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezithile ukuqinisekisa oku.
- Iiskeni ze-CT
- Iiskeni zeMRI
- Iiskeni zePET
Uvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu yi -biopsy . Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu kwiqhubu uze ulithumele kwilebhu ukuze kuchongwe ukuba yi-adenoma okanye yinto enye.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Unyango luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo, ubungakanani, kunye nendawo ekuyo i-adenoma.
- Amayeza: Ukuba i-adenoma ibangela iingxaki zehomoni, ugqirha uya kunika amayeza okuyilawula.
- Utyando: Ii-adenoma ezinkulu zihlala zinokuba ngumhlaza. Ngenxa yoko, izinto ezifana nee-polyps ezinkulu kune-5 mm zisuswa ngotyando. Kwakhona, utyando lunokucetyiswa ukuba ithumba libangela ezinye iingxaki zempilo.
- Ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo: Ukuba i-adenoma incinci kakhulu kwaye ayibangeli ngxaki zempilo, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa indlela "yokulinda nokulinda". Oku kuthetha ukungayinyangi, kodwa ukuyijonga rhoqo ithumba ukuze abone ukuba liyatshintsha na.
Ngaba ezi zinto zinokuthintelwa ukuba zingenzeki?
Ekubeni singenakulawula izinto ezibangela ufuzo ezibangela uphuhliso lwe-adenomas, asinakuzithintela ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ingcono esinokuyenza kukufumana uvavanyo lomhlaza rhoqo. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka wenze olu vavanyo kangaphi, ingakumbi ukuba usemngciphekweni wokufumana i-adenomas.
Ukongeza, ezi zinto ziya kunceda ukugcina impilo entle iyonke:
- Ukuphepha ukutshaya
- Ukutya ukutya okutyebileyo kwiziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo
- Ukwandisa umsebenzi womzimba
- Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-adenoma sisimila esingengomhlaza, kodwa ezinye iintlobo, ingakumbi ezinkulu, zinokuba ngumhlaza.
- Iimpawu azibonakali rhoqo, ngoko ke uvavanyo lwezonyango kwiminyaka efanelekileyo, njenge-colonoscopy, lubaluleke kakhulu.
- Musa ukoyika ukuba ufumanisa ukuba unethumba. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba yintoni na kunye nento omawuyenze ngayo.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nokubekwa esweni, i-adenoma yimeko elawulwa kakuhle.
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