Ngaba nawe udinwa ngequbuliso, utyeba ngequbuliso, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha udidekile? Sihlala sizilibala ezi zinto, sicinga ukuba ziqhelekile. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho isizathu esingasemva koku ongasicingiyo. Namhlanje, masithethe ngendawo encinci kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu, ii-adrenal glands, kunye neengxaki ezivela kuzo.
Zithini ezi glands ze-adrenal?
Ngamafutshane, ii-adrenal glands zii-glands ezimbini ezimile okwe-triangular ezikwi-kidney zethu, njengezigqoko ezimbini ezincinci. Nangona zincinci ngobukhulu, zenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Oko kukuthi, zivelisa ii-hormones ezinceda ukugcina ibhalansi emizimbeni yethu.
Cinga ngale ndlela: umzimba wethu ufana nenjini entsonkothileyo. Ukuze le injini isebenze kakuhle, kufuneka ibe nezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifanelekileyo. Ngokufanayo, ezi hormone zinceda ekulawuleni imetabolism yethu, uxinzelelo lwegazi, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, kunye nendlela esijongana ngayo noxinzelelo.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeehomoni eziveliswa zezi glands:
- I-Cortisol: Yi-hormone ephambili esinceda sikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo.
- I-Adrenaline: Yihomoni elungiselela imizimba yethu imeko engxamisekileyo.
- I-Aldosterone: Yihomoni elawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nenqanaba letyuwa namanzi emzimbeni.
Iimeko ezinxulumene ne-adrenal gland zenzeka xa ezi hormone ziveliswa ngokugqithisileyo okanye ngokunqongophala .
Ziziphi izifo ze-adrenal gland eziqhelekileyo?
Kukho iimeko ezininzi kwezi. Masiziqonde kakuhle ngakumbi ezona ziphambili. Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, ndiza kukubeka oku kwitheyibhile .
| Imeko | Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| Isifo sika-Addison | Umzimba awuvelisi ngokwaneleyo iihomoni ze-cortisol kunye/okanye i-aldosterone. |
| Isifo seCushing | Ukwanda okugqithisileyo kwinqanaba le-cortisol yehomoni emzimbeni. |
| I-Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) | Ukungabikho okanye ukunqongophala kwee-enzymes ezifunekayo ukuvelisa iihomoni. |
| I-Hyperaldosteronism | Ukuveliswa kakhulu kwe-hormone i-aldosterone emzimbeni. |
| Ukwenziwa kwe-virilization | Ukuveliswa ngokugqithisileyo kweehomoni zesini zamadoda emzimbeni. Oku kubonakala ngokucacileyo kubafazi nakubafana abangekafiki kwiminyaka yobuntwana. |
Ukongeza, iimeko zinokubangelwa ziithumba kwi-adrenal glands. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uninzi lwale thumba alunamhlaza (alunabungozi). Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga, umhlaza (i-adrenocortical carcinoma) unokubakho.
Zithini iimpawu zezi zifo?
Iimpawu zixhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi i-hormone ephantsi okanye ephezulu. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezenzekayo xa inqanaba ngalinye le-hormone litshintsha.
Ukuba amanqanaba e-cortisol aphezulu (njenge-Cushing's syndrome)
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukwandiswa komzimba ongaphezulu | Ubuso, intamo, nesisu ziba nkulu ngelixa iingalo nemilenze zincinci. |
| Ukudinwa kakhulu | Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu nangona ndingenzanga nto. |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo seswekile | Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye namanqanaba eswekile. |
| Utshintsho lolusu | Ukuncitshiswa kolusu, ukudumba okulula nokuba kukwenzakala okuncinci. Kuvela amabala amakhulu, anombala omfusa esiswini. |
Ukuba amanqanaba e-aldosterone aphezulu
- Igazi elonyukayo
- Amanqanaba aphantsi e-potassium egazini (i-Hypokalemia)
- Ukuziva ubuthathaka emzimbeni
- Iintlungu zemisipha kunye nokuqaqamba (ukuqaqamba kwemisipha)
Ukuba amanqanaba eehomoni zamadoda ayanda (kwabasetyhini)
Ukuba le meko iyenzeka kubafazi okanye kumakhwenkwe angekafiki kwiminyaka yobuntwana, iimpawu zobudoda ziqala ukuvela.
- Ukukhula kweenwele zobuso
- Ukulahlekelwa ziinwele (impandla)
- Ukwakheka kwamaqhakuva
- Ukujula kwelizwi (liba ngathi lilizwi lendoda)
- Ukukhula kwemisipha
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi mpawu zinokubonakala nakwezinye izifo. Ngoko ke, ukuba unazo ezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane uxilongo olufanelekileyo.
Kutheni ezi zifo zenzeka?
Kusenokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku.
- Ukuveliswa kweehomoni ngokugqithisileyo okanye ngokungaphelelanga ziindlala ze-adrenal ngokwazo.
- Ingxaki yenye i-gland, njenge-pituitary gland esebuchotsheni bethu, inokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwe-adrenal glands.
- Amanye amayeza esiwasebenzisayo (umzekelo, amayeza e-steroid) anokubangela utshintsho kumanqanaba eehomoni.
- Ngamanye amaxesha ezi meko zinokwenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho lwemfuza .
Amaxesha amaninzi, noogqirha abakwazi ukuxela ngqo ukuba kutheni abanye abantu befumana ezi zifo ngoxa abanye bengazifumani.
Isifo sichongwa kwaye sinyangwa njani?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni. Emva koko, uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukujonga amanqanaba eehomoni egazini, emchameni, nasematheni akho.
Ukuba kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba kukho iithumba, kunokwenziwa iiskeni ezifana ne -CT scan (Computed Tomography) okanye i-MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) .
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ungathunyelwa kwi-endocrinologist.
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwimeko yakho ethile. Ezinye iimeko zinokufuna amayeza okulungisa amanqanaba eehomoni. Kwimeko apho kukho amaqhuma , unyango lotyando okanye unyango lwemitha lunokufuneka.
Eyona nto ingcono kukuba, ukuba uninzi lwezi meko zichongiwe kwangethuba kwaye zinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo , zinokulawulwa ngempumelelo kwaye ziphile ubomi obuhle.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Nokuba ufunyenwe unesifo se-adrenal gland okanye akunjalo, qaphela ezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi, bona ugqirha.
| Qaphela ezi mpawu. |
|---|
| Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ingakumbi inxalenye ephezulu yomzimba iba nkulu. |
| Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu ukuba ndingawugqiba umsebenzi wosuku. |
| Ukuba nentlungu engapheliyo okanye enzima. |
| Utshintsho lolusu (ukudumba okulula, amanqaku okuzolula). |
| Utshintsho olungaqhelekanga ekukhuleni kweenwele emzimbeni. |
Ufanele uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU)?
Ukuba unemeko ebangela amanqanaba aphantsi e-cortisol, njengesifo sika-Addison, unokuba nesifo esisongela ubomi esibizwa ngokuba yi-adrenal crisis . Oku kwenzeka xa amanqanaba e-cortisol emzimbeni ehla ngequbuliso ngendlela eyingozi.
Ukuba kuvela ezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (i-ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
| Ingxamiseko! (Iimpawu zeNgxamiseko) |
|---|
| Intlungu ebuhlungu ngequbuliso emzimbeni ongezantsi (isisu, umqolo, imilenze). |
| Ukuhlanza kakhulu kunye norhudo. |
| Ukuziva ubuthathaka kakhulu. |
| Ukudideka kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo (ukudideka). |
| Amanqanaba aphantsi eswekile egazini (iHypoglycemia). |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kakhulu. |
Ukuba une-adrenal insufficiency, buza ugqirha wakho nge-glucocorticoid enokujovwa engasetyenziswa xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba wena nosapho lwakho naziswe ngendlela yokuyisebenzisa.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iindlala ze-adrenal ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-organ enceda ukugcina ibhalansi yehomoni emzimbeni wethu.
- Nokuba iihomoni kwezi gland ziyanda okanye ziyancipha, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zinokubakho.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezikrokrisayo, musa ukuqikelela kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha.
- Uninzi lwezi zifo lunokulawulwa ngempumelelo ngokufunyaniswa kwangethuba kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo.
- Ukuba kuvela iimpawu zongxamiseko (ezifana nengxaki ye-adrenal), yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
- Yazi kakuhle imeko yakho yempilo. Ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo.
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