Sonke siyakuthanda ukuya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezifana neNuwara Eliya, iHorton Plains, iPiduruthalagala, kunye nokunyuka iintaba, akunjalo? Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha xa uhamba, ngaba uziva intloko ebuhlungu kancinci, uzive ubuthathaka, kwaye uzive uhlanza? Nangona abantu abaninzi becinga ukuba oku "mhlawumbi kungenxa yokubanda" okanye "mhlawumbi ngenxa yokudinwa kohambo", le yimeko enokuchazwa ngokwezonyango. Namhlanje sithetha ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Altitude Sickness'. Ukuba uyazi kakuhle le nto, ungenza uhambo lwakho olulandelayo lweentaba lube luhle kwaye lukhuselekile.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo sokuphakama?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba xa siselwandle, oko kukuthi, kwindawo efana neColombo, umoya esiwuphefumlayo ufana neti yobisi etyebileyo. Oko kunika imizimba yethu ioksijini eyaneleyo ngokuphefumla kube kanye. Kodwa njengoko sinyuka, oko kukuthi, ukuya kwindawo efana neNuwara Eliya okanye iHorton Plains, umoya uba mncinci. Oko kukuthi, umoya uba "mncinci" ngokungathi amanzi ongezwe kuloo ti yobisi ityebileyo. Ngoko ke nangona siphefumla ngokulinganayo, umlinganiselo weoksijini ofunyanwa yimizimba yethu uncinci.
Imizimba yethu iyamangalisa. Iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nokunqongophala kweoksijini. Kodwa kuthatha ixesha. Ukugula kokuphakama kwenzeka xa sisiya kwindawo ephakamileyo ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokunika imizimba yethu ixesha elaneleyo lokuziqhelanisa. Ngamafutshane, kufana "nokumoyikisa" umzimba.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zale nto.
Isifo sokuphakama sineentlobo ezintathu eziphambili, kuxhomekeke kubukhali baso. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi, njengoko ezinye iimeko zifuna unyango olungxamisekileyo.
| Igama lesimo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo Esibukhali Seentaba (AMS) | Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolungabalulekanga kangako . Luvakala ngathi "yi-hangover." Iimpawu ziquka intloko ebuhlungu kunye nesicaphucaphu. Oku akuyongozi, kodwa sisilumkiso esivela emzimbeni wakho. |
| Ukudumba kweMiphunga okuPhakamileyo (HAPE) | Le yimeko eyingozi. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba imiphunga izaliswe ngamanzi . Le yingxamiseko yezonyango. Ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, inokuba yingozi nakubomi. |
| I-High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE) | Le yeyona meko iyingozi kakhulu nenzima . Okwenzekayo apha kukudumba kwengqondo . Le yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango eyingozi kakhulu, esongela ubomi. Kufuneka unyango olukhawulezileyo. |
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezivezwa yile meko. Ngokwesiqhelo, iimpawu ze-AMS zibonakala kusuku olunye okanye ezimbini emva kokuba ziye kwindawo ephakamileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zeemeko ezinzima ngakumbi ezifana ne-HAPE kunye ne-HACE zingathatha iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintlanu ukuba zivele.
Iimpawu zesimo esiqhelekileyo se-AMS
Ezi ziimpawu zokuqala eziqhelekileyo:
- Intloko ebuhlungu: Olu lolona phawu luqhelekileyo nolokuqala.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Usenokuziva ufuna ukuhlanza kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumnqweno wokutya.
- I-Anorexia: Ukulahlekelwa yiminqweno yokutya.
- Ukudinwa kakhulu: Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu nangona ungenzi nto.
- UMalaise: Imvakalelo eqhelekileyo yokungonwabi, njengokuthi "kukho into engalunganga."
- Ukungalali: Ukujikajika ebusuku ungalali.
- Ukudinwa: Ukuziva ngathi intloko yakho iyajikeleza.
Kubalulekile: Ngamanye amaxesha utshintsho lombono lunokwenzeka. Oku kubangelwa kukuqhekeka kwemithambo yegazi emincinci ngaphakathi kweliso. Ukuba olu phawu luvela, oko kuthetha ukuba imeko inokuba mandundu ngakumbi.
Iimpawu zeemeko eziyingozi ze-HAPE kunye ne-HACE
Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngezi mpawu. Ukuba uzibona, kubalulekile ukuba uye kwindawo esezantsi ngoko nangoko ucele ingcebiso kugqirha .
| Uphawu lomngcipheko | Intsingiselo |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla nokuba uphumle | Olu luphawu oluphambili lwe-HAPE (iHypertension of the Lungs). Ingahamba nokukhwehlela kunye nokuxinana kwesifuba. |
| Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukugxadazela (i-Ataxia) | Ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho, njengomntu obesele utywala. Awukwazi ukuhamba emgceni othe tye. Olu luphawu oluyingozi lwe-HACE (encephalopathy). |
| Ukudideka, ukudideka | Uyalahlekelwa lixesha nendawo. Awukwazi ukuqonda izinto ezilula. Uyadideka xa uthetha. Olu luphawu olubi kakhulu lwe-HACE. |
| Imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nolusu | Olu luphawu lokuba umlinganiselo weoksijini ofunyanwa ngumzimba uphantsi kakhulu. Kufuneka unyango olukhawulezileyo. |
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Isizathu esiphambili soku, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kukuba ukhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ngaphandle kokunika umzimba wakho ixesha lokuziqhelanisa. Kodwa kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezinobungozi:
- Ukuphakama kokunyuka: Okukhona unyuka phezulu, kokukhona umngcipheko uphezulu.
- Isantya sokunyuka: Umngcipheko mkhulu kakhulu kumntu oya kwindawo ephakamileyo ngaxeshanye, nokuba ngemoto okanye ngenqwelo-moya, kunomntu onyuka intaba ngeenyawo.
- Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye namayeza athile: Ukusela utywala, ingakumbi amayeza okuthomalalisa, kuyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko.
- Ukuba ukhe waba nale meko ngaphambili: Ukuba ukhe waba nesigulo sokuphakama kwentaba ngaphambili, ingakumbi i-HAPE okanye i-HACE, unamathuba amaninzi okuba nayo kwakhona.
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ukuba uzilolonga kakhulu kwaye usempilweni, awuyi kuyifumana le nto. Ayilunganga loo nto. Le meko inokwenzeka nokuba usempilweni okanye usempilweni kangakanani na. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneengxaki zokuphefumla ezifana ne-asthma, i-COPD , okanye i-anemia , ezo mpawu zinokuba mandundu xa usiya kwindawo ephakamileyo. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu abanezi meko bathethe nogqirha wabo ngaphambi kokuba baye kwindawo ephakamileyo.
Iphathwa njani?
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo neyona ilungileyo yokwenza oku kukwehla. Xa umzimba ungenawo umoya-mpilo, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukuya kwindawo ene-oxygen engaphezulu.
Ngaphandle koko, kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango ezixhomekeke kwimeko:
1. Yima uphumle: Ukuba uziva iimpawu zokuqala ze-AMS, yeka ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza.Phumla usuku olunye okanye ezimbini ubude obufanayo nobakho. Nika umzimba wakho ixesha lokuziqhelanisa nobo bude.
2. Ukuhla: Ukuba iimpawu zinzima (isiyezi, ukudinwa, isicaphucaphu) okanye ziya zisiba mandundu, yehla ngoko nangoko. Ngokwesiqhelo, kukhululeka okukhulu emva kokuhla malunga neenyawo ezingama-300 (iimitha ezingama-1,000) .
3. Ioksijini eyongezelelweyo: Ukubonelela ngeoksijini esuka kwisilinda yeoksijini kunokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza iimpawu.
4. Amayeza: Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngokwengcebiso kagqirha. Iyeza elisetyenziswa kakhulu koku yiAcetazolamide . Kwakhona, kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana neHAPE kunye neHACE, amayeza afana neDexamethasone kunye neNifedipine nawo ayasetyenziswa. Ungaze uwathathe ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha.
Ungayiphepha njani le nto? (Ukuthintela)
Isifo sokuhamba ezintabeni sinokuthintelwa kakhulu. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukunceda. Gcina ezi engqondweni xa ucwangcisa uhambo lwakho olulandelayo lweentaba.
| Indlela yokuthintela | Kwenziwe ntoni |
|---|---|
| Nyuka Kancinci | Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa unyuka ngaphezu kweenyawo eziyi-8,000, kungcono unganyuki ngaphezu kweenyawo eziyi-1,000 - 1,500 (iimitha ezingama-300-500) ngosuku . Ukuphakama olala kuko xa uqala usuku kuthathwa njengokuphakama kwakho okusisiseko. |
| Phumla Iintsuku | Ngexesha lokunyuka kwakho, thatha ikhefu ngosuku olunye kwindawo enye ngaphandle kokunyuka kakhulu, phantse rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezintathu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'acclimatization day'. Oku kunika umzimba wakho ixesha elaneleyo lokuziqhelanisa. |
| "Khwela phezulu, Lala kancinci" | Le yindlela ethandwayo phakathi kwabakhweli beentaba. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, khwela emini uze wehle uye kwindawo esezantsi ukuze ulale ebusuku. Oku kuya kunceda umzimba wakho uqhele. |
| Sela amayeza njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha wakho. | Ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu, ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uthathe amayeza afana ne -Acetazolamide ngosuku olungaphambi kokuba uye kwindawo ephakamileyo. |
| Sela amanzi amaninzi, unganxili! | Umzimba unokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza xa ukwindawo ephakamileyo, ngoko ke sela amanzi amaninzi. Kuphephe utywala ngokupheleleyo ubuncinane kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala xa ukwindawo ephakamileyo. |
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba uceba ukuya kwindawo ephakamileyo yeentaba, kulungile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uhambe . Angakunika iingcebiso ezikhethekileyo, ingakumbi ukuba unezinye iingxaki zempilo.
Ixesha lokuya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU):
Ukuba wena okanye umntu onayo ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo zinzima, yingxamiseko. Yiya ezantsi uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuphefumla okungapheliyo nokuba uphumle.
- Ukuqina kwesifuba okanye intlungu.
- Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukukhubeka, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi (ataxia).
- Ukudideka okanye ukulahleka kwenkumbulo.
- Ubunzima bokuthetha, ukungakwazi ukuthetha kakuhle.
- Ukozela kakhulu, ukuncipha kwengqondo.
Ezi ziimpawu zeHAPE okanye zeHACE. Ezi zinokuba yingozi ebomini kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke ungaze uzityeshele ezi mpawu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuguguleka kokuphakama kwenzeka xa usiya kwindawo ephakamileyo ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokunika umzimba wakho ixesha lokuziqhelanisa.
- Uphawu oluqhelekileyo nolokuqala yintloko ebuhlungu.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo nekhawulezileyo yokunyanga oku kukubuyela kwindawo esezantsi.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, unengxaki yokuhamba, okanye udidekile nokuba uphumle, yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi. Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela koku kukunyuka intaba, uphumle iintsuku endleleni, kwaye usele amanzi amaninzi.
- Kusoloko kububulumko ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ufumane icebiso ngaphambi kokuba uye kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
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