Mhlawumbi ukhe waliva igama elithi 'iBenzene'. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba le yikhemikhali esondelelene nobomi bethu kunokuba sicinga, kwaye ikwayikhemikhali eyingozi kakhulu? Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni i-benzene, indlela eyichaphazela ngayo imizimba yethu, kunye nendlela esinokuzikhusela ngayo.
Yintoni le Benzene?
Ngamafutshane, i-benzene yikhemikhali yendalo kwaye yenziwe kwiifektri. Iyingozi kakhulu ebantwini. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba uyayiginya, uyifake eluswini lwakho, okanye uyiphefumle, inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni wakho.
Xa ikwimo engamanzi, idla ngokungabi nambala okanye ibe mthubi okhanyayo. Eyona nto ikhethekileyo kukuba iyaphuma emoyeni lula nokuba kubushushu begumbi. Ikwanyibilika kancinci emanzini. IBenzene inevumba elimnandi kancinci kwaye iyatsha kakhulu.
Singayitya njani i-benzene?
Abantu abasebenza kumashishini anxulumene noko banamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-benzene. Kodwa nathi singayifumana nakubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Makhe sijonge iindlela eziphambili.
Ngeendawo zokusebenza
Abantu abasebenza kwimizi-mveliso esebenzisa okanye evelisa i-benzene basengozini enkulu. Umzekelo:
- Iifektri ezivelisa iikhemikhali
- Iifektri zezihlangu
- Ukucocwa kweoyile negesi
- Iindawo apho kuveliswa khona iidayi, iisepha, amayeza kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukuchanabeka kwiindawo ezinjalo zomsebenzi kuye kwehla kakhulu kutshanje ngenxa yemithetho karhulumente.
Iicuba kunye neemveliso zemihla ngemihla
Okumangalisayo kukuba, enye yeendlela eziphambili esichanabeka ngazo kwi-benzene kukutshaya icuba. Nokuba utshaya icuba okanye uphefumla umsi xa omnye umntu etshaya (ukutshaya ngaphandle kokutshaya), i-benzene ingena emzimbeni wakho.
Ukongeza, uvavanyo lufumanise ukuba ezinye zeemveliso esizisebenzisayo yonke imihla zikwanayo ne-benzene.
| Uhlobo lwemveliso | Izinto ekufuneka uzazi |
|---|---|
| Isikhuseli selanga | Ezinye izinto zokukhusela ilanga kunye neemveliso zokukhusela ilanga zifunyenwe zine-benzene kwaye zisusiwe emarikeni. |
| Isicoci sezandla | Kuye kwaxelwa ukuba ezinye izibulali-ntsholongwane zezandla zine-benzene. |
| Izitshizi Zomzimba kunye Nezithinteli Zokubila | Amanqanaba aphezulu e-benzene afunyenwe nakwezinye izitshizi zokuthintela ukubila kunye nezomzimba. |
Ukongeza, izinto ezifana netshungama, ipeyinti, iplastiki, irabha, inylon, kunye nezinye izibulali-zinambuzane nazo zinokuba ne-benzene.
Zithini iziphumo zempilo ze-benzene?
I-Benzene yinto echazwa ngokusemthethweni njenge -carcinogen . Ngamafutshane, kuye kwangqinwa ngokwesayensi ukuba ibangela umhlaza ebantwini. Ngokukodwa, ukuchatshazelwa ngamanqanaba aphezulu e-benzene kunokubangela umhlaza onxulumene negazi ofana ne -leukemia .
I-Benzene iphazamisa ngokuthe ngqo indlela iiseli zomzimba wethu ezisebenza ngayo.
- Ukonakala kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela: Kunokwenza buthathaka inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ngokonakalisa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye nee-antibodies ezilwa nezifo emizimbeni yethu.
- Ibangela i-anemia: Inganciphisa ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi emzimbeni. Xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zinganeli, amalungu omzimba awafumani ioksijini ayidingayo. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-anemia .
- Ezinye iziphumo: I-Benzene ingonakalisa inkqubo yemithambo-luvo kwaye inciphise ama-ovari kubasetyhini, nto leyo ebangela umjikelo wokuya exesheni ongaqhelekanga.
Uhlobo lwesi siphumo kuwe luxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ubungakanani bolusu olukuchaphazeleyo, indlela oluchaphazeleka ngayo (ukuphefumla, ulusu olukuchukumisayo, ukuginya), kunye nobude bexesha lochaphazeleko. Ubudala bakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke nazo zidlala indima.
Zithini iimpawu zokusela i-benzene?
Ukuba ngequbuliso uvezwa kumanqanaba aphezulu e-benzene, unokufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo. Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngezi zinto.
| Udidi lweempawu | Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu ngokubanzi |
|
| Iimpawu ezinzulu |
|
Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukuquleka, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, okanye ukuxhuzula kunokwenzeka.
Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba ngequbuliso uvelelwe yi-benzene?
Ukuba uyazi okanye ukrokrela ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka ngamanqanaba aphezulu e-benzene, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amanyathelo ngoko nangoko .
1. Yiya kwindawo enomoya ococekileyo ngoko nangoko. Phefumla umoya omtsha.
2. Khupha nayiphi na impahla oyinxibileyo ngoko nangoko. Ukuba yimpahla enokunxitywa phezu kwentloko, yinqumle ngesikere. Ingaphinda inamathele eluswini.
3. Hlamba umzimba wakho wonke kakuhle ngesepha.
4. Beka impahla esusiweyo kwingxowa yeplastiki uze uyivale kakuhle.
5. Ukuba amehlo akho ayacaphuka okanye angaboni kakuhle, wahlambe ngamanzi acocekileyo kangangemizuzu eli-15. Ukuba unxiba iilensi zokunxibelelana, zisuse ngoko nangoko.
6. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
7. Kwakhona, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungatsalela umnxeba iZiko loLwazi ngeTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Benzene yikhemikhali ebangela umhlaza kwaye iyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni womntu.
- Singachaphazeleka kuko ngumsi wecuba, kwezinye iifektri, nakwezinye iimveliso esizisebenzisa yonke imihla.
- Ukuba usebenza kwishishini elinobungozi, landela imithetho yokhuseleko ngokungqongqo.
- Lumka xa kukho iimpawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu, ukuhlanza, kunye notshintsho lolusu. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba uchaphazeleka yi-benzene, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nempilo yakho, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
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