Xa ufunda iphephandaba okanye ujonge ifestile, ngaba imigca ethe tye kuyo ibonakala inwebekile kwaye imibimbi? Ngaba ezinye iindawo zibonakala zimnyama okanye zifana neendawo ezingenanto? Ukuba uziva into efana nale, musa ukuyityeshela nje. Kuba inokuba yingxaki ngenxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yamehlo akho. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngovavanyo olulula kakhulu oluya kukunceda ufumane iingxaki ezinjalo ngokulula ekhaya.
Yintoni le Amsler Grid?
Ngamafutshane, i-Amsler grid sisixhobo sokujonga ngokubonakalayo esinokujonga ngokulula naziphi na iimpazamo embonweni wakho. Yitshathi ebonakala ngathi yirula yesikwere. Inezikwere ezininzi kunye nemigca, kunye nechaphaza elincinci phakathi.
Ngoku masibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngale nto. Khawucinge ukuba iliso lethu liyikhamera. Emva koko i -retina engaphakathi kweliso yifilimu yaloo khamera. Umfanekiso esiwubonayo urekhodwa kule retina. Eyona nxalenye iphambili neyinovakalelo yale retina enceda ekuthatheni imifanekiso ecacileyo nebukhali kakhulu ibizwa ngokuba yi-macula . Xa sifunda incwadi, sijonga ubuso bomntu, okanye siqhuba imoto, le macula inceda kuyo yonke le misebenzi ibuthathaka.
Ngoko ke, ukuba i-macula yonakele ngenxa yesifo esithile, izinto esizibonayo ziqala ukubonakala zigqwethekile (`metamorphopsia`). Imigca ethe tye ibonakala igqwethekile, ezinye iindawo ziba luzizi, kwaye kuvela amabala amnyama. Oku kusinceda ukuba sibambe notshintsho oluncinci kangaka. Akupheleli apho, kukwanceda ukubonisa ugqirha wakho wamehlo apho ukugqwetheka okubonayo kukhoyo. Emva koko unokuqonda apho ingxaki ikhoyo kwi-macula.
Luluphi uhlobo lweemeko olu vavanyo lubaluleke phantsi kwazo?
Igridi ye-Amsler iluncedo kakhulu ekufumaneni nayiphi na imeko yezonyango enokuchaphazela umphezulu we-macula kunye nokujonga utshintsho kuyo. Oogqirha bacebisa abantu abanezi meko zilandelayo ukuba benze olu vavanyo yonke imihla, ngakumbi kuba ukuba utshintsho lufunyanwa kwangethuba, ukulahleka kombono okungapheliyo kunokuthintelwa.
- Ukuwohloka kwe-macular (zombini iintlobo ezomileyo nezimanzi)
- Ukuqokelelana kolwelo phantsi kwe-retina (i-Central serous retinopathy)
- Ukwakhiwa kwemithambo yegazi emitsha ngaphakathi kweliso (Neovascularization)
- Amabala amnyama okanye izithuba embonweni (i-scotomas)
- Ukwakheka kwe-membrane encinci kwi-macula (i-macular pucker / i-epiretinal membrane)
- I-Cystoid macular edema
- I-macular edema enxulumene nesifo seswekile
- Iithumba ze-pituitary gland - Oku kunokubangela iingxaki zokubona emehlweni omabini (i-bilateral hemianopia).
- Umonakalo we-macular obangelwa ziingozi zamehlo
- Ezinye izifo ze-retina ezinokubangela ukulahleka kokubona ngequbuliso
Ukongeza, igridi ye-Amsler ikwasetyenziselwa ukujonga ekuqaleni naziphi na iingxaki nge-macula ngaphambi kotyando lwe-cataract.
Ungayisebenzisa njani i-Amsler Grid ekhaya?
Oku kulula kakhulu. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunika itshathi efana nale oza kuyisebenzisa ekhaya, yenza kanye njengoko etshilo (ngesiqhelo yonke imihla). Landela la manyathelo angezantsi.
| Amanyathelo | Kwenziwe ntoni |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukulungiselela | Ukuba unxiba iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana , zinxibe. Hlala kwindawo ekhanyiswe kakuhle uze ubambe le tshathi kumgama oqhele ukufunda ngawo incwadi (malunga nee-intshi ezili-12-15). |
| 2. Ukujonga iliso elinye | Vala iliso elinye ngobunono ngesandla esinye. Ngelinye iliso, jonga ichaphaza elimnyama kuphela embindini wetshathi. Ngaphandle kokushukumisa intloko yakho, gcina iliso lakho kuloo chaphaza. |
| 3. Imibuzo omele uzibuze yona | Njengoko ujonge ichaphaza eliphakathi, zibuze le mibuzo:
|
| 4. Ukujonga elinye iliso | Ngoku vula iliso elalivaliwe ngaphambili, vala elinye iliso, uze uphinde la manyathelo angasentla kuloo liso. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ukuba uphendula ngokuthi "hayi" kuyo nayiphi na imibuzo engasentla xa uthatha olu vavanyo, oko kuthetha ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho okanye ukungaqheleki, bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Musa ukukuthatha lula oku.
Ngaba zikho ezinye iintlobo ze-Amsler Grid?
Ewe. UMarc Amsler, ingcali yamehlo yaseSwitzerland eyadala igridi ye-Amsler, uzise iintlobo ezisi-7 ezahlukeneyo zayo. Sidla ngokuthetha ngohlobo lokuqala (Itshathi 1). Kodwa ezinye iintlobo zikwaluncedo kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo.
- Itshathi 1: Olu lolona hlobo luphambili nolusetyenziswa kakhulu. Lunemigca emnyama kwimvelaphi emhlophe.
- Itshathi 2: Oku kufana nowokuqala, kodwa ukongeza, kutsalwa imigca emine ethe tyaba ukusuka kwiikona ezine ukuya kwichaphaza eliphakathi. Oku kunceda abantu abanechaphaza elimnyama embindini wombono wabo ukuba baphephe elo chaphaza baze bagxile kwichaphaza eliphakathi.
- Itshathi 3: Le inemigca ebomvu kwimvelaphi emnyama. Oku kunceda ekuchongeni umahluko omncinci kwindlela ebona ngayo imibala.
- Itshathi 4: Le inamachaphaza amhlophe asasazeke kwimvelaphi emnyama endaweni yemigca. Isetyenziselwa ukwahlula phakathi kokuphazamiseka kombono namachaphaza amnyama.
- Itshathi 5: Le inemigca ethe tye kuphela. Imigca emhlophe ikwimvelaphi emnyama.
- Itshathi 6: Le iyafana neTshathi 5, kodwa inemigca emnyama kwimvelaphi emhlophe. Imigca esembindini isondelelene kuneminye imigca. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubambe nezona zinto zingaqondakaliyo.
- Itshati 7: Izikwere eziphakathi kweli tshati zilingana nesiqingatha sobukhulu bezikwere ngaphandle, ngoko ke notshintsho oluncinci kumbono ophakathi lunokubonwa.
Umntu one-macular degeneration ubona njani oku?
Ukuba unesifo esifana nokuwohloka kwe-macular, ungabona utshintsho olwahlukileyo xa ujonga i-Amsler grid.
Khawuthelekelele ujonge umgangatho onethayile. Ngokwesiqhelo, imigca ephakathi kweethayile ithe tye. Kodwa ukuba unengxaki nge-macula yakho, le migca ingabonakala ngathi yoluliwe, njengamaza. Eminye imigca ingabonakala ngathi yaphukile embindini, okanye ingabonakala ngathi inendawo emnyama kuloo ndawo.
Utshintsho olubonakalayo oluphambili zezi:
- Umbono obhityileyo okanye ongaboni kakuhle.
- Ezinye iindawo zetshathi zibonakala zimfiliba okanye zimnyama.
- Ezinye iindawo zetshathi azinanto kwaphela, zibonakala njengamabala amnyama.
Kuthekani ngee-apps ze-smartphone?
Kule mihla, ungafumana nee-apps ze-smartphone kunye neetablet ezinegridi ye-Amsler. Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa enye yezi, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo kwaye ufumane ingcebiso. Angakuxelela ukuba ikulungele na.
Kodwa ungaze ulibale oku: i-app yefowuni ayithathi indawo yonyango. Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye iinkxalabo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wamehlo ofanelekileyo ukuze akuhlole.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Igridi ye-Amsler yindlela elula kakhulu, ekhawulezayo, nengenabuhlungu yokuvavanya umbono wakho ophakathi ekhaya.
- Oku kunokubona utshintsho lwakwangoko kwizifo ezichaphazela i-macula.
- Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukucebise ukuba wenze olu vavanyo yonke imihla, lwenze.
- Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olutsha ngexesha lovavanyo, olufana nemigca, imibimbi, amabala amnyama, okanye izithuba, yazisa ugqirha wakho wamehlo ngokukhawuleza.
- Ngokubona imeko kwangethuba, unokukhusela amehlo akho axabisekileyo kwaye uthintele umonakalo ongakumbi.
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