Ngaba uyawubona umahluko kwindlela obona ngayo amehlo? Masifunde ngovavanyo lwe-Amsler Grid!

Ngaba wakha weva nge-Amsler Grid? Ugqirha wakho wamehlo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuxelele ngayo. Luvavanyo olulula kakhulu, kodwa olubaluleke kakhulu. Lunceda ekufumaneni ngokukhawuleza utshintsho ekuboneni olubangelwa zizifo ezithile, ingakumbi kwi-retina yamehlo ethu.

Yintoni i-Amsler Grid?

Kulungile, masibone ukuba yintoni le Amsler Grid. Ngamafutshane, yirula yesikwere eprintiweyo kwiqhekeza elincinci lekhadibhodi. Yirula yesikwere enobude obuziisentimitha ezili-10 kunye nobubanzi obuziisentimitha ezili-10, ukuba kuyinyani. Inezikwere ezincinci ezingama-20 kwicala elinye, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho izikwere ezininzi ezincinci kuyo yonke igridi. Phakathi kwale rula yesikwere, kukho ichaphaza elincinci eliphawulwe ukuba ugxile kulo. Abanye abantu balibiza ngokuba 'yitshati yamehlo ka-Amsler.'

Injongo ephambili yolu vavanyo lwegridi ye-Amsler kukuchonga ukuba ngaba kukho naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho, njengombono ophosakeleyo (obizwa ngokuba yi -metamorphopsia ngokwezonyango), ngenxa yesifo esinxulumene ne -macula . Ikwakunceda ukuba ubonise ugqirha wakho wamehlo apho oku kuphazamiseka kufumaneka khona embonweni wakho. Ugqirha unokuqonda ukuba ingxaki iphi kwi-macula yakho.

Oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba abantu abanezifo ezithile ze-retina basebenzise le grid ye-Amsler ekhaya yonke imihla . Kuba ukuba wenza njalo, unokukhawuleza ubone notshintsho oluncinci ekuboneni kwakho. Ukuba uyichonga kwangethuba, ngamanye amaxesha unokunciphisa umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa yimbono ngokusisigxina.

Kuphantsi kweziphi iimeko apho kusetyenziswa uvavanyo lwe-Amsler Grid?

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, 'Kulungile, oku kungabona utshintsho embonweni. Kodwa kusetyenziselwa ntoni kanye kanye?' Enyanisweni, igridi ye-Amsler isetyenziselwa ukubona nokujonga nayiphi na imeko enokuphazamisa umphezulu we-macula. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Ukonakala kweMacular : Oku kubalulekile kuzo zombini iintlobo zesifo ezomileyo nezimanzi.
• I-Central Serous Retinopathy .
• I-Neovascularization yimeko apho imithambo yegazi emitsha idalwa khona kwiindawo ezithile zeliso.
• Amabala amnyama embonweni (iScotomas) .
• I-Macular Pucker/Epiretinal Membrane .
• Ukudumba kwe-Cystoid Macular .
• Ukudumba kwe-macular okunxulumene nesifo seswekile .
• Ii-Pituitary Gland Tumors : Ezi ngamanye amaxesha zinokubangela ukuba ungaboni kwicala lasekhohlo leliso lakho lasekhohlo kunye necala lasekunene leliso lakho lasekunene. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-``Bilateral Hemianopia```.
• Umonakalo weMacula obangelwe yingozi.
• Ezinye izifo ze-retina okanye izizathu ezinxulumene ne-retina ezinokubangela ukulahleka kokubona ngequbuliso.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ezi mpawu kwangethuba, kwaye olu vavanyo lulula luluncedo kakhulu kuloo nto.

Akuphelelanga apho, ukuba ulungiselela utyando lwe-cataract, kukho amaxesha apho iingcali zamehlo zisebenzisa le grid ye-Amsler ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki kwi-macula yakho kwangaphambili.

Uvavanya njani amehlo akho nge-Amsler Grid?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone indlela yokusebenzisa le gridi ye-Amsler ngqo. Kulula kakhulu.

Okokuqala, kufuneka ubambe igridi ye-Amsler phambi kwakho kumgama oqhelekileyo, ubuya kufunda incwadi okanye iphephandaba, elimalunga ne-intshi ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-15 (iisentimitha ezingama-30 ukuya kwezingama-38 ). Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba unxiba iiglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano, qiniseka ukuba zinxitywe ngokufanelekileyo ngeli xesha lovavanyo.

Okulandelayo, kufuneka uvavanye ngeliso elinye ngexesha. Ngelixa ujonge ngeliso elinye, gquma elinye iliso ngesandla sakho. Ngoku, ngeliso olivavanyayo, jonga ngokusondeleyo (gxila) kwichaphaza elincinci elikumbindi wegridi. Khumbula ukugcina igridi ikumgama ofanayo ngalo lonke ixesha.

Ngelixa ujonge elo chaphaza liphakathi – ungashukumisi amehlo akho phambili nangasemva – qinisekisa ngononophelo ukuba zonke ezi zinto zilandelayo zichanekile na:

• Ngaba uyazibona ngokucacileyo zonke iikona ezine zegridi?
• Ngaba uyazibona zonke imigca kwigridi? Ngaba zonke zithe tye ngokugqibeleleyo? (Azitsalwanga, azigobanga, okanye aziphukanga).
• Ngaba ubona iindawo ezimnyama okanye ezingenanto naphi na kwigridi?
• Ngaba yonke imigca ekwigridi ibonakala icacile kwaye ifana (ayiqhekekanga okanye ayicacanga)?

Xa usiya kwikliniki yamehlo, ugqirha wakho wamehlo unokuvavanya umbono wakho ngale gridi ye-Amsler. Ukuba usengozini yezifo ze-retina, ugqirha wakho unokukunika igridi ye-Amsler eprintiweyo ukuze uyisebenzise ekhaya.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunika igridi ye-Amsler ukuze uyisebenzise ekhaya, kufuneka uyisebenzise kanye njengoko kuyalelwe (ngesiqhelo yonke imihla). Ukuba ubona naziphi na izinto ezine ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla zitshintsha ngelixa usenza uvavanyo lwakho lwasekhaya, nxibelelana nogqirha wakho wamehlo ngoko nangoko.

Ngaba zikho ezinye iintlobo ze-Amsler Grid?

Uvavanyo lwegridi ye-Amsler lwaqanjwa yingcali yamehlo yaseSwitzerland uMarc Amsler. Uchaze iintlobo ezisixhenxe ezahlukeneyo zolu vavanyo lwegridi. Nangona kunjalo, xa sithetha 'ngegridi ye-Amsler', sithetha uhlobo lokuqala (Itshathi 1).

Ngaba singafunda kancinci ngezo ntlobo zisi-7?

• Uhlobo 1 (Itshathi 1):Olu lolona hlobo luphambili nolusetyenziswa kakhulu. Lunemigca emnyama kwimvelaphi emhlophe. Ekubeni kukho izikwere ezingama-20 kwicala elinye, isikwere ngasinye sibubanzi obuyi-0.5 centimeters. Embindini kukho isangqa esincinci onokuthi ugxile kuso.
• Uhlobo 2 (Itshathi 2): Olu lufana nolokuqala, kodwa ukongeza, imigca ethe tyaba itsalwa ukusuka kwiikona ezine ukuya kwidothi eliphakathi. Oku kuluncedo kubantu abanamabala amnyama (iiScotomas) embindini wombono wabo, kodwa abasebenzisa igridi ukujonga utshintsho embonweni.
• Uhlobo 3 (Itshathi 3): Olu lwakhiwo lufana nolokuqala, kodwa lunemigca ebomvu kwimvelaphi emnyama. Oku kunceda ekuchongeni ukugqwetheka okungabonakaliyo kombono kunye nomahluko onxulumene nombala.
• Itshathi 4: Endaweni yegridi, le inamachaphaza amhlophe asasazeke ngokungacwangciswanga kwimvelaphi emnyama ngaphakathi kwegridi eyi-10x10 cm. Ukusebenzisa amachaphaza endaweni yemigca kwenza kube lula kumbukeli ukwahlula phakathi kokuphazamiseka okubonakalayo kunye namachaphaza amnyama (i-scotomas).
• Uhlobo 5 (Itshathi 5): Le inemigca ethe tye kuphela. Imigca imhlophe kwimvelaphi emnyama. Imigca ethe nkqo kuphela ikwicala langaphandle lasekhohlo nasekunene lebhokisi.
• Itshati 6: Oku kufana neTshati 5, kodwa ngemigca emnyama kwimvelaphi emhlophe. Kwakhona, umgca othe tye ophakathi, kunye nemigca emibini engaphezulu nangaphantsi kwawo, zitsalwa zisondelelene kuneminye imigca ekwigridi. Njengoko imigca itsalwa isondelelene, ungabona ukugqwetheka okuncinci kunye nomahluko.
• Itshathi 7: Le inemigca emhlophe kwimvelaphi emnyama. Ifana neyokuqala, kodwa izikwere ezikwicandelo eliphakathi le-5x5 cm zilingana nesiqingatha sobukhulu bezikwere ezikwiindawo zangaphandle zegridi. Ezi zikwere zincinci, njengemigca ezotywe kuhlobo lwesi-6, zinceda ekuchongeni umahluko omncinci okanye ukugqwetheka.

Khawucinge nje, uhlobo ngalunye lwenzelwe ukukunceda ubone iimfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye nomahluko omncinci emehlweni akho.

Ijongeka njani i-Amsler Grid ukuba une-macular degeneration?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba umntu onesifo esifana nokuwohloka kwe-macular angabonakala njani xa ejonga le gridi ye-Amsler. Ngokwesiqhelo, ubuya kubona into efana nale:

• Imigca ekwigridi ingabonakala ngathi yoluliwe okanye ishwabene, njengemigca ekwigqabi elimanzi ngamanzi.
• Ezinye iindawo zegridi zinokubonakala zifiphele okanye zimnyama kunezinye.
• Ezinye iindawo zegridi zisenokuba zingenanto, oko kuthetha ukuba kusenokuba kukho iindawo ezingenanto apho kungekho nto ibonakalayo.

Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olufana nolu xa ujonga i-Amsler grid yakho, musa ukulutyeshela. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunokubakho ingxaki kwi-macula yakho. Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona into efana nale, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza.

Ucinga ntoni nge-app ye-Amsler Grid ekwifowuni yakho?

Usenokuba ubonile ukuba kukho nee-apps ze-Amsler Grid ezifumanekayo kwiifowuni kunye neetablet kule mihla. Usenokuba ucinga, 'Owu... kulula oku, ndingakwenza ngqo kwifowuni yam.'

Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa i-app enjalo, thetha nogqirha wamehlo kuqala. Yena angakuxelela ukuba le app ifanelekile na kwiimfuno zakho.

Kodwa khumbula into enye: I-app yefowuni ayithathi indawo yonyango. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wamehlo oqeqeshiweyo nofanelekileyo. Le yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo yokukhetha.

Ngamafutshane (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masishwankathele ezinye zezinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako.

I-Amsler grid yindlela ekhawulezayo, elula, nengangenisi ntsholongwane yokujonga utshintsho okanye ukuphazamiseka ekuboneni kwakho, ingakumbi ekuboneni kwakho okuphakathi. Ukuba ugqirha wakho wamehlo ukuxelela ukuba usebenzise i-Amsler grid eprintiweyo ekhaya yonke imihla, qiniseka ukuba uyayenza loo nto.

Ukusebenzisa igridi ye-Amsler njengoko kucetyiswa ngale ndlela kunokunceda ekufumaneni utshintsho kwi-retina olubangelwa zizifo ezifana nokuwohloka kwe-macular kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ukuba olu tshintsho lunokubonwa kwangethuba, luya kunceda kakhulu ekukhuseleni umbono wakho, luthintele umonakalo ongakumbi, kwaye lukuvumela ukuba uqhubeke usebenza ngokuzithemba emehlweni akho.

Ngoko ke, amehlo akho axabiseke kakhulu. Wanyamekele. Ukuba ubona utshintsho oluncinci, ungalibazisi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

I- Amsler Grid, Uvavanyo lwamehlo, Umbono, iRetina, iMacula, ukuwohloka kweMacular, iMetamorphopsia