Ngaba wakha waziva uxinezelekile, ubunzima, okanye intlungu esifubeni sakho? Uninzi lwethu lucinga ukuba le yi-gastritis. Kodwa ayizizo zonke iintlungu esifubeni eziyi-gastritis. Oku kungaba luphawu olubaluleke kakhulu olunikwa yintliziyo yakho. Namhlanje sithetha ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-angina, exhaphakileyo kubantu abaninzi, kodwa ayaziwa kakuhle.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-angina?
Cinga ngentliziyo yethu njengenjini esebenza ngokungayekiyo. Le njini ifuna ukunikezelwa kwegazi rhoqo ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Le gazi yiyo enika izihlunu zentliziyo ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezizidingayo. Ukuba ngesizathu esithile, imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi entliziyweni iyancitshiswa okanye ivalwe, ubungakanani begazi elifikelela entliziyweni alwanele. Ngelo xesha, izihlunu zentliziyo zithumela umqondiso othi, 'Owu, andinagazi laneleyo, ndinengxaki.' Loo mqondiso yinto esiyivayo njengentlungu yesifuba, ukuqina, okanye ukungonwabi .
I-Angina ayisosifo ngokwenene. Luphawu lwesifo sentliziyo esingaphantsi, ingakumbi ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yentliziyo. Ifana nentsimbi yesilumkiso. Ukuba ayihoywa, inokukhokelela kwiimeko eziyingozi ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukuminxeka kwentliziyo .
Injani intlungu ye-angina?
Uninzi lwabantu luziva i-angina njengoxinzelelo okanye intlungu esifubeni. Kodwa ayingabo bonke abantu abaziva ngendlela efanayo. Abanye abantu baziva bengonwabanga kangako kunokuba bazive bebuhlungu. Kungaba ngolu hlobo:
- Ukuziva ngathi isifuba sakho siyacinezelwa.
- Ukuziva uxinezelekile, ukubanjwa.
- Ukuziva ngathi kukho into enzima esifubeni sakho.
- Ukutsha esifubeni (abanye abantu bayayibhidanisa le nto ne-gastritis).
Oku kungakhululeki akupheleli nje esifubeni. Ngamanye amaxesha, le ntlungu inokusasazeka iye emhlathini, emazinyweni, emagxeni, engalweni (ingakumbi engalweni yasekhohlo), okanye emqolo .
Le ntlungu isenokuhamba nezinye iimpawu ezininzi. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukubila
- Isiyezi
- Ukuziva ubuthathaka
- Ukuqunjelwa okanye ukudumba
- Ukucaphuka okanye ukungonwabi esiswini
- Ndiziva ngathi uyabanda
- Ulusu olumhlophe kunesiqhelo
- Ndiziva ndoyika kakhulu kwaye ndixhalabile ngaphandle kwesizathu
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-angina?
Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili ze-angina. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi zinto kuba zahlukile kwenye.
| Uhlobo lwe-angina | Inkcazo kunye nokuvakalelwa |
|---|---|
| I-Angina ezinzileyo | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Luza ngendlela ethile. Ludla ngokuza xa uxinezelekile (umz., ukuzilolonga, ukunyuka izinyuko). Intlungu ihlala ixesha elifutshane, malunga nemizuzu emi-5. Iyaphela ngokuphumla okanye amayeza. |
| I-Angina engaqinisekanga | Oku kuyingozi kakhulu. Le ntlungu ivela ngaphandle kwesiqhelo, ngokungalindelekanga. Ingavela nokuba umi nje. Intlungu iba mandundu kunangaphambili, ifika rhoqo, kwaye ihlala ixesha elide (imizuzu eli-15 nangaphezulu). Ayipheli ngokuphumla okanye amayeza. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango! (LE YINGXAKI YEZONYANGO). |
| I-Microvascular Angina | Oku kubangelwa ziingxaki zemithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu (ii-microvessels) entliziyweni. Intlungu inokuhlala imizuzu engaphezu kwe-15. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, umonakalo entliziyweni unokuthintelwa. |
| I-Prinzmetal (eyahlukileyo) i-Angina | Oku kubangelwa kukuqina ngequbuliso (ukuxinana) kwemithambo yegazi entliziyweni uze ubuye uvuleke. Oku kwahlukile kwezinye iintlobo kuba kudla ngokuvela xa uphumle okanye ulele. Intlungu ingahlala phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5-15. |
Ubunzima be-angina bulinganiswa njani?
Oogqirha basebenzisa isikali ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-4 ukuze balinganise ubukhali be-angina yakho. Okukhona inani liphezulu, kokukhona imeko iba mandundu.
- Inqanaba 1: I-Angina yenzeka kuphela xa usenza umthambo onzima nonzima. Ayiveli ngexesha lemisebenzi eqhelekileyo.
- Inqanaba lesi-2: Intlungu yenzeka xa uhamba ngesantya esiphezulu okanye unyuka izinyuko. Ingavela nasemva kokutya isidlo esipheleleyo nokuhamba okwethutyana. Ingavela nakwimozulu ebandayo, umoya, okanye uxinzelelo olukhulu.
- Inqanaba lesi-3: Intlungu iyenzeka nokuba uhamba umgama omfutshane ngesantya esiqhelekileyo.
- Inqanaba lesi-4: Intlungu iyenzeka nangayiphi na indlela yokwenza umsebenzi womzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha intlungu inokubakho nangona ungenzi nto.
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-angina?
Eyona nto ibangela i-angina kukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni. Oku kunokuba nezizathu ezininzi:
- Isifo seMithambo yeCoronary (CAD): Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo nebangela ukuba kubekho iingxaki. Imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni (imithambo ye-coronary) incitshiswa ngaphakathi ngenxa yokufakwa kwe-cholesterol kunye nezinto ezinamafutha (i-plaque). Oku kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi.
- Isifo seMithambo yeCoronary: Le meko inokwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo kwimithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu entliziyweni.
- I-Coronary Artery Spasm: Ukuxinana okukhulu ngequbuliso (ukuncitshiswa) kwemithambo yegazi entliziyweni, okunokwenzeka nakubantu abangenayo i-CAD.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela i-angina yakho uze uyinyange.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-angina?
Umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-angina unokwanda ngenxa yezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Ubudala: Amadoda angaphezu kwama-45 kunye nabasetyhini abangaphezu kwama-55 basengozini enkulu.
- Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo seswekile, imbali yosapho lwesifo sentliziyo, kunye nokutyeba kakhulu zonke zizinto ezibangela umngcipheko.
- I-Anemia Eqatha: Xa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisempilweni ezithwala ioksijini emzimbeni lincipha, intliziyo nayo inengxaki yokunqongophala kweoksijini.
- Ezinye izifo zentliziyo: Iimeko ezifana nesifo sevalvu yentliziyo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo zibangela ukuba intliziyo isebenze nzima, nto leyo enokubangela i-angina.
- Ukuchanabeka kwizinto ezinobungozi: Ukutshaya, ukuchanabeka kumsi osetyenziswa ngabanye abantu, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kuyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-angina?
Unyango lwe-Angina luneenjongo ezimbini eziphambili. Enye kukulawula iintlungu, enye kukunyangela isifo sentliziyo esisisiseko kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Oku kufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa indibaniselwano yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango.
1. Amayeza
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza ahlukeneyo okulawula i-angina.
- I-Nitroglycerin: Eli liyeza elinikwa ukunciphisa iintlungu ze-angina ngokukhawuleza. Lidla ngokunikezelwa njengepilisi ebekwa phantsi kolwimi.
- Ii-Beta-blockers, iiCalcium Channel Blockers:Ezi zinto zinceda ekulawuleni i-angina kwixesha elide kwaye zandise imithambo yegazi, zenze ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya entliziyweni kube lula.
2. Iinkqubo zonyango kunye notyando (Iinkqubo)
Ukuba imithambo yegazi yentliziyo yakho incinci kakhulu okanye ivalekile, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa into efana nale:
- I-Angioplasty kunye ne-Stenting: Oku kuquka ukufaka ibhaluni encinci kumthambo wegazi onciphileyo uze uyivuthele ukuze imithambo yegazi ivuleke. Emva koko, kufakwa isakhiwo esincinci esifana ne-mesh esibizwa ngokuba yi- stent ngaphakathi ukuze kuthintelwe ukuba umthambo unganciphi kwakhona.
- Utyando lwe-Bypass: Oku kuquka ukudala indlela entsha yokuba igazi lijikeleze indawo evalekileyo, oko kukuthi, ukudala umthambo omtsha wegazi.
3. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila (Utshintsho kwimikhwa yakho yemihla ngemihla)
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yonyango.
- Ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Yitya ukutya okunamafutha aphantsi, ityuwa, kunye neswekile. Faka imifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo ekutyeni kwakho.
- Ukuzilolonga: Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi izithambo ezikhuselekileyo nezifanelekileyo kuwe, uze uzenze.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngoko nangoko.
- Ukunciphisa utywala.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Kukho amaxesha apho kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko, kwaye kukho amaxesha apho kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho.
| Iimeko Ezingxamisekileyo: Yiya kwiSebe Lezonyango (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko! | |
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Bona ugqirha wakho kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nonyango olufumanayo.
- Ukuba amayeza abangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
- Ukuba iimpawu zintsha okanye ziyanda kancinci kancinci.
Ayingabo bonke abantu abawela phantsi bebambe isifuba sabo njengoko bebona kwiimuvi. Ngamanye amaxesha i-angina ingaba yinto engathandekiyo nengaqondakaliyo. Iza kwaye ihambe ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba ungacinga, "Ayiyonto inkulu le."
Kodwa i-angina ayiyonto yokuthatyathwa lula. Yindlela yentliziyo yakho yokukuxelela uthi, "Ndifuna uncedo." Ngoko ke yimamele. Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko. Kukho unyango lweemeko ezibangela i-angina. Okukhona siqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona singcono.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Angina ayisosifo, kodwa luphawu olulumkisayo lwesifo sentliziyo esingaphantsi.
- Ungaze ungayinaki nayiphi na intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki. Musa ukucinga ukuba yi-gastritis.
- Yazi umahluko phakathi kwe-angina ezinzileyo nengazinzile. I-angina engazinzile yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango efuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho kwaye usebenzise amayeza amiselweyo kanye njengoko eyalelwe.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo yentliziyo (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya) inokukhusela impilo yentliziyo yakho.
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