Ingxaki eqhelekileyo yempilo kubantu abaninzi kwilizwe lethu "luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu". Mhlawumbi wena, ilungu losapho, okanye umhlobo usela amayeza esi sifo. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye le mayeza? Kutheni umntu ngamnye enikwa uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwamayeza? Kutheni uxinzelelo ngamanye amaxesha lungehli nasemva kokusela amayeza? Namhlanje, masithethe ngazo zonke ezi zinto ngokulula nangendlela enobuhlobo.
Zithini ezi mithi zokunciphisa uxinezeleko lwegazi?
Ngamafutshane, la ngamayeza anceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi oluphezulu aze alubuyisele esiqhelweni. La mayeza asebenza ngendlela efanayo. Cinga ngemithambo yegazi yakho njengemibhobho ethwala amanzi. Xa uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lusanda, uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwezi mibhobho luyanda.
Amanye amayeza asebenza ngokwandisa ezi "ngcongolo" okanye imithambo yegazi . Oku kuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe lula ngaphandle kokuvaleka. Amanye amayeza anceda umzimba ukuba ukhuphe ulwelo olugqithisileyo kunye netyuwa ngomchamo . Olunye uhlobo lwamayeza luthintela iihomoni eziveliswa ngokwemvelo emzimbeni ezonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha amayeza akho ngokusekwe kwiminyaka yakho, isini, nokuba unezinye izifo, kunye nokuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luphezulu kangakanani. Ngoko ke amayeza owanikwayo asenokuhluka ngokupheleleyo kulawo anikwa ummelwane wakho. Imeko yomntu wonke yahlukile.
Rhoqo, kufuneka amayeza angaphezu kwelinye ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi. Ugqirha wakho unokuqala ngeyeza elinye aze kancinci kancinci ongeze amanye amayeza ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi. Kwakhona, ukuba iyeza alisebenzi okanye libangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, banokuliyeka elo yeza baze bakunike elinye iyeza.
Kutheni kufuneka uthathe amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi? Zithini iingenelo?
Eyona njongo yokusela amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi kukukhusela intliziyo yakho. Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho lusanda, intliziyo yakho kufuneka isebenze nzima kunokuqhelekileyo ukupompa igazi. Kufana nenjini epompa amanzi kumbhobho ovalekileyo kancinci. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokuyenza buthathaka intliziyo yakho.
Ngokuthatha amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi, sinciphisa lo mthwalo ungeyomfuneko entliziyweni. Ngaleyo ndlela,
- Umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo uyancitshiswa.
- Umngcipheko we -stroke uyancitshiswa.
- Umngcipheko wokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso uyancitshiswa.
- Umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo uyancitshiswa.
La mayeza enza kube lula ukuba intliziyo yakho ikwazi ukupompa igazi kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zomzimba wakho iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku.
Iindidi zamayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nemiphumo yazo emibi
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza anikwa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Amanye amayeza okuqala akhethwa ngoogqirha yiThiazide diuretics, i-ACE inhibitors, kunye neCalcium channel blockers. Makhe sijonge ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili zamayeza.
| Uhlobo lweyeza | Indlela esebenza ngayo (ngamagama alula) | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Iziyobisi zomchamo (I-Thiazide, iLoop, i-Potassium-sparing) | Izintso zisusa ulwelo olugqithisileyo kunye netyuwa emzimbeni ngomchamo. Zikwanceda ukwandisa imithambo yegazi. | Amanqanaba aphantsi/aphezulu e-potassium/magnesium, isiyezi, amanqanaba aphezulu e-uric acid. |
| Izithinteli ze-ACE | Ithintela ukuveliswa kwe-angiotensin II, i-hormone ebangela ukuba imithambo yegazi inciphe. | Ukukhwehlela okomileyo, amanqanaba aphezulu e-potassium, isiyezi, i-angioedema (ukudumba kobuso nentamo - oku kuyingozi, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko). |
| Amayeza ohlobo lwe-ARB (ii-ARB) | Ithintela i-hormone i-angiotensin II ekubeni isebenze kwimithambo yegazi. | Ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-potassium, isiyezi. |
| Izithinteli zemijelo yecalcium | Ithintela i-calcium ukuba ingangeni emithanjeni yegazi kwaye ikhulula izihlunu ezikuloo mithanjeni yegazi. | Intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, ukunyuka/ukwehla kwesantya sentliziyo, ukudumba kwemilenze esezantsi. |
| Ii-Beta-blockers | Inciphisa imiphumo yeehomoni ezonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngexesha loxinzelelo kwaye izolisa ukubetha kwentliziyo. | Ukudinwa/ukudinwa, isiyezi, ukwehla kwesantya sentliziyo, ukuquleka. |
Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwam lusephezulu nangona ndisebenzisa amayeza. Kutheni kunjalo?
Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Zininzi izizathu zokuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lusenokungalawuleki, nokuba uthatha amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo.
- Ungadinga amayeza angaphezu kwelinye: Ngamanye amaxesha uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi alunakulawulwa ngamayeza elinye kuphela. Ungadinga amayeza amabini, amathathu, okanye amane.
- Ukungawathathi amayeza ngendlela eyiyo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwathatha amayeza ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla . Ukuba uphoswe lusuku olunye okanye ezimbini, ukufundwa koxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunokutshintsha.
- Ukutya okungafanelekanga: Ukuba utya ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi (ii-pickles, iintlanzi ezomisiweyo, iisosi, ukutya okusemathinini, ii-noodles ezikhawulezayo), ukusebenza kakuhle kwamayeza kunokuncipha.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Ngamanye amaxesha uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokubangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"Secondary Hypertension". Umzekelo, kunokubangelwa ziingxaki zehomoni "i-Hyperaldosteronism" okanye ukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwizintso "i-Renal artery stenosis". Ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lusephezulu kakhulu nangona usele amayeza amaninzi, thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
- Amanye amayeza: Amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo (amanye amayeza okudambisa iintlungu) okanye amayeza esintu anokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha wakho?
- Ukuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kumayeza akho (umz. ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, isiyezi esinzima, ukudumba kwemilenze yakho), ungaze uyeke ukuwasela amayeza akho wedwa. Ungathetha nogqirha wakho uze utshintshele kwenye iyeza.
- Ukuba umlinganiselo wegazi uphezulu kakhulu okanye uphantsi kakhulu xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi ekhaya.
- Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, yazisa ugqirha wakho kwangoko xa uceba ukukhulelwa, kuba kukho amayeza akhuselekileyo nalawo angakhuselekanga.
Ingakumbi kubantu abadala, ngamanye amaxesha xa usukuma ngequbuliso, uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luyehla (i-orthostatic hypotension), nto leyo ebangela ukuba uzive unesizungu kwaye uwe. Eli yeza lingenza le meko ibe mandundu. Ngoko ke, phakama kancinci nangononophelo xa usukuma.
Iyintoni indlela yokuphila elungileyo?
Kunye nokusela amayeza, ukwamkela indlela yokuphila esempilweni kubalulekile ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwetyuwa: Yeka ukongeza ityuwa ekutyeni kwakho kwaye utye ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala: Utywala buyandisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Yenza umthambo olula njengokuhamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
- Lawula ubunzima bomzimba: Ukwanda kobunzima kuchaphazela ngqo uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lubulala buthule. Ukuba alunyangwa, lunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, istroke, kunye nesifo sezintso.
- Sela amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, yonke imihla . Ungaze utshintshe okanye uyeke umthamo wamayeza akho wedwa.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nazo naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga onokuzifumana ngenxa yamayeza akho. Angakunceda ukhethe amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukutya okungenatyuwa ingako, ukuzilolonga, ukulawula ubunzima bomzimba) kunye nokusela amayeza.
- Yiya kuhlolo lwezonyango kunye novavanyo lwegazi ngexesha kwaye ubeke iliso kwimeko yakho.
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