Ingaba igazi lakho lijika ngokulula? Masifunde ngokuswelakala kwe-Antithrombin!

Nokuba kukho inxeba elincinci emzimbeni wethu, ukopha kuyayeka emva kwexesha elithile kwaye amahlwili egazi, akunjalo? Yindlela emangalisayo ngokwenene yokuba umzimba wethu uzikhusele. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba oku kuxinana kwegazi kuyanda ngaphezu kokuba kuyimfuneko, okanye ukuba amahlwili egazi akheka ngaphakathi emzimbeni ngaphandle kwesizathu? Oko kunokuba yingxaki. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesizathu esikhethekileyo esibangela ukuba igazi liqhekeke ngokungeyomfuneko. Oko kukuNciphisa i-Antithrombin , abanye bakubiza ngokuba yi-Antithrombin III Deficiency.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-Antithrombin Deficiency?

Ngamafutshane, ukungabikho kwe-antithrombin yimeko enxulumene nenkqubo yethu yokuqunjelwa kwegazi. Kule meko, kukho ukwehla kweproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-antithrombin, into ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu ethintela ukuqunjelwa kwegazi kakhulu, okanye ayisebenzi kakuhle.

Cinga ngale ndlela. Uzalisa ibhafu ngamanzi. Umntu kufuneka ayicime impompi ngaphambi kokuba igcwale, kungenjalo onke amanzi aza kuphuma. Yiyo loo nto, xa igazi lethu liqala ukujiya, yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-antithrombin "eyimisa" ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ithintele ukuba ingenzeki kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba awunayo i-antithrombin eyaneleyo emzimbeni wakho, okanye ukuba ayisebenzi kakuhle, unokuba namahlwili egazi aqhubeka esenzeka, njengebhafu egcwala. Yiyo loo nto usengozini enkulu yokuba namahlwili egazi angaqhelekanga .

Abantu abanale meko basengozini enkulu yokuba namahlwili egazi kwimithambo enzulu yemilenze (`Deep Vein Thrombosis` okanye `DVT`) kunye nomngcipheko wokuba amahlwili egazi aqhekeke aze abhajwe emthanjeni emiphungeni (`Pulmonary Embolism` okanye `PE`) . Ezi zinokuba ziimeko eziyingozi kakhulu.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Ukunqongophala kwe-Antithrombin yimeko engaqhelekanga . Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngumntu omnye kuphela kubantu abayi-2,000 ukuya kwabayi-3,000 onayo. Oko akuthethi ukuba akwenzeki kuye wonke umntu.

Ziziphi iimpawu zokungabikho kwe-antithrombin?

Ayingabo bonke abantu abanale meko abaya kuba neempawu ezifanayo. Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, amaxesha amaninzi igazi liqala ukujiya ngaphambi kokuba bafikelele kwiminyaka engama-40 ubudala .

Iimpawu ezibonakala kakhulu zezi:

• I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Oku kunokubangela ukuba umlenze udumbe, ube bomvu, ube buhlungu, kwaye uzive ufudumele xa uwuchukumisa.
• I-Pulmonary Embolism (PE): Oku kunokubangela ukuphefumla okukhawulezileyo, iintlungu zesifuba (ingakumbi xa uphefumla), ukuphefumla okukhawulezileyo, ukukhohlela (ngamanye amaxesha kunye negazi), kunye nokuphefumla okukhawulezileyo. Le yimeko efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ukongeza kwezi, nangona kunqabile, kwimithambo yengqondo , okanye kwimithambo yesisuKukho ithuba lokuba igazi liqhekeke.

Kutheni le nto kukho ukungabikho kwe-antithrombin?

Uninzi lwexesha, unobangela wale meko yimfuza , oko kuthetha ukuba yinto esiyizuz’ ilifa kubazali bethu.

• Utshintsho kwiGene: Ukunqongophala kweAntithrombin kwenzeka kubantu abanotshintsho kwigene ebizwa ngokuba yi-'SERPINC1'. Le gene iyalela umzimba ukuba wenze i-antithrombin.
• Ilifa: Ungayifumana le nguqu yezakhi zofuzo kumzali ngamnye. Ukuba kunjalo, unethuba elingama-50% lokufumana le meko. Akunamsebenzi nokuba yintombazana okanye yinkwenkwe. Nangona kunjalo, iintsana eziyifumana le nguqu yezakhi zofuzo kubazali bobabini azihlali. Oku kunqabile kakhulu.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu onesifo sofuzo ofumana amahlwili egazi. Abanye abantu banokuphila ubomi babo bonke ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto?

Ukuba unale mpawu, okanye uyazi ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onayo le meko, licebo elihle ukubona ugqirha uze uhlolwe. Ugqirha udla ngokwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Umzimba wakho uza kuhlolwa.
• Imbali yezonyango: Uza kubuzwa ngeempawu zakho kunye nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba neengxaki ezifanayo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwenza uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo olujonga inqanaba le-antithrombin egazini lakho.

Olu vavanyo lolona hlobo lokuqinisekisa ukuba le meko ikhona okanye ayikho.

Wenza ntoni njengonyango?

Unyango luxhomekeke ekubeni unayo na ihlwili legazi okanye akunjalo.

• Ukuba unehlwili legazi: Ugqirha wakho angagqiba ekubeni akuqalise nge-blood thinner . Le idla ngokuba yi-warfarin (usenokuba ukhe wayiva ngokuba yi-Coumadin). Oku kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi, okanye kungathatha ubomi bakho bonke.
• Ukuba awukaze ube negazi elijiyileyo: Nokuba une-antithrombin deficiency, ukuba awukaze ube negazi elijiyileyo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba uqhubeke nokuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko (umzekelo, ngaphambi kotyando olukhulu) anokunikwa ixesha elifutshane.
• Ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Ekubeni phakathi kwe-3% kunye ne-50% yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abanale meko banokuphuma amahlwili egazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni afake iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi -`Heparin` ukuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi ngelo xesha.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ngelixa ndifumana unyango)

Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi afana neWarfarin okanye iHeparin, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela.Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba uya rhoqo xa udibana nogqirha.

Ngenxa yokuba eli yeza linomngcipheko wokopha, ugqirha wakho kufuneka asoloko ejonga ukuba ufumana idosi echanekileyo. Uvavanyo lwegazi olufana novavanyo lwe-'Prothrombin Time` (PT) lusetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba idosi yeWarfarin ichanekile na.

Ngokulawula ngokufanelekileyo umthamo wamayeza ngale ndlela, amahlwili egazi ayingozi anokuthintelwa kwaye ukopha okungeyomfuneko kunokuthintelwa.

Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi?

Ukuba une-antithrombin deficiency, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuqhekeka kwegazi:

• Kuphephe ukuthatha iipilisi zokulawula ukukhulelwa: ingakumbi ezo zine-estrogen. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
• Kuphephe unyango lweehomoni: Ezinye iindlela zonyango lweehomoni ezithathwa emva kokuya exesheni nazo zinokwandisa umngcipheko.
• Musa ukuhlala kwindawo enye ixesha elide: Ingakumbi xa uhamba imigama emide okanye usebenza kwindawo enye ixesha elide, vuka ubuncinci rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini uhambe kancinci ushukumise imilenze yakho.
• Musa ukutshaya kwaye usebenzise iimveliso zecuba: Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu kwimithambo yegazi kwaye kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Ukutyeba kakhulu yenye yezizathu zokuqhekeka kwegazi.

Ukongeza, izinto ezinje ngokwenzakala okukhulu, utyando, ukukhulelwa, ukuzala, kunye nokwaluphala nazo ziyandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuqhekeka kwegazi. Ukuba udinga utyando okanye ulindele umntwana, xelela ugqirha wakho ngemeko yakho. Angakunika i -antithrombin concentrate ekhethekileyo njengenaliti ye-intravenous (IV), ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela le meko ukuba ingenzeki?

Ngelishwa, ekubeni sisifo semfuza, akukho ndlela yokuthintela ukungabikho kwe-antithrombin efunyenwe njengelifa . Asinakutshintsha ii-genes esizizuze kubazali bethu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-antithrombin deficiency?

Malunga nomntu omnye kwabathathu abanale meko baya kuba namahlwili egazi xa bebadala.

• Utyando kunye nokungakwazi ukuhamba: Ukuba utyando kwaye awukwazi ukuhamba ixesha elide (umz., ukuba kufuneka uhlale ebhedini), usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba negazi eliqhekekileyo.
• Ukwaluphala: Le ngozi iyanda kancinci xa ukhula.
• Ukukhulelwa: Abantu abanesifo sokungabikho kwe-antithrombin banokuba namahlwili egazi angaqhelekanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye emva kokubeleka, ngoko ke kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokukodwa oku.

Le meko iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani?

Ngenxa yokuba yimeko yemfuza, uzalwa nayo. Yinto ehlala ubomi bonke. Oko kuthetha ukuba ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa, ukuba ilawulwa kakuhle, ungaphila neengxaki ezimbalwa kakhulu.

Iyintoni ikamva lale meko?

Imbono yakho ixhomekeke ekubeni ukhe waba negazi elijiyileyo okanye akunjalo. Ukusela amayeza okunciphisa igazi kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukuba kubekho elinye igazi elijiyileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukusela amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela, ngedosi efanelekileyo, nangexesha elifanelekileyo.

Yintoni endifanele ndiyilumkele ngokukodwa?

Ukuba une-antithrombin deficiency, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iimpawu ezilumkisayo ze-'DVT' (ihlwili legazi emlenzeni) kunye ne-'PE' (ihlwili legazi emphungeni) ukuze ufumane uncedo ngokukhawuleza.

• Iimpawu ze-DVT: ukudumba, iintlungu, ukubomvu, kunye nobushushu xa uchukumisa umlenze omnye (ngesiqhelo omnye kuphela).
• Iimpawu ze-PE: Ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo ngequbuliso, iintlungu zesifuba (eziba mandundu xa uphefumla), ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza, ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo, ukukhohlela (ngamanye amaxesha kunye negazi).

Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (umz. iWarfarin), qaphela oku kulandelayo kuba kukho umngcipheko wokopha:

• Lumka kakhulu xa usebenzisa izixhobo ezibukhali (iimela, iireyiza, njl.njl.)
• Ziphephe imidlalo enokubangela ukwenzakala (umz. i-rugby, i-boxing) kangangoko unako. Ngaphandle koko, nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifanelekileyo.
• Ukuba ukopha akupheli nokuba linxeba nje elilula, okanye ukuba uphuma imivumbo ngaphandle kwesizathu, xelela ugqirha wakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-DVT, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Kubalulekile ukunyanga i-DVT ngokukhawuleza, njengoko igazi eliqhekekileyo emlenzeni linokuqhekeka liye emiphungeni, nto leyo ebangela i-PE.

Ukuba usela amayeza afana neWarfarin, ukuba uyawa, okanye ukuba ufumana ukopha okungaqhelekanga (umz., ukusuka empumlweni, kwiintsini, okanye kwindle), xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Kufuneka uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Kwimeko enjalo , kuya kufuneka uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko:

• Ukuba uneempawu ze-`Pulmonary Embolism (PE)` (ezifana nokuphefumla okukhawulezileyo, iintlungu zesifuba).
• Kuthekani ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu ze-DVT , kodwa awukwazi ukunxibelelana nogqirha wakho?
• Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, ukuba uzibethe entloko, ukuba uhlanza igazi, okanye ukuba awukwazi ukuyeka ukopha enxebeni.

Ezi ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezisongela ubomi, ngoko ke musa ukulibazisa.

Zeziphi imibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka ndiyibuze ugqirha wam?

Wakuba wazi ukuba unale meko, ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba kufuneka ndithathe iWarfarin okanye enye i-blood thinner? Kufuneka ndiyithathe ixesha elingakanani?
• Ingaba licebo elihle na ukuvavanya amanye amalungu osapho lwam (abazali, abantakwethu, abantwana) ukuze bahlolwe i-Antithrombin Deficiency?
• Zeziphi izivivinyo endinokuzenza ngokukhuselekileyo kule meko?
• Ngaba kukho izinto ezikhethekileyo ekufuneka ndizazi ngaphambi kokuba ndikhulelwe?

Buza imibuzo efana nale ukuze uyiqonde ngcono imeko yakho.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ekubeni i-Antithrombin Deficiency iyimeko yemfuza, asinakuyilawula. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqaphela le meko nokuthatha amanyathelo afunekayo, ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni kakhulu.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba wena nosapho lwakho nizazi iimpawu ezilumkisayo ze-DVT kunye ne-PE ukuze ukuba kukho into engalunganga, nikwazi ukuyibona kwangethuba kwaye nifune unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ukulawula ubunzima bakho, ukuhlala usebenza (ukuzilolonga rhoqo), kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya kunokukunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba negazi elingafunekiyo. Ngale ndlela, unokulawula impembelelo yale meko ebomini bakho ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Thetha nogqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye ulandele icebiso lakhe ngononophelo. Ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa!

ukungabikho kwe - antithrombin, ukujiya kwegazi, i-DVT, i-pulmonary embolism, izifo zemfuza, izinto ezinciphisa igazi, i-warfarin, i-heparin