Ngelixa umntwana wakho edlala okanye elele, ngaba wakha waziva ngathi ukubetha kwentliziyo yakhe ngequbuliso kubonakala ngathi kukhawuleza kakhulu? Okanye ngamanye amaxesha kubonakala ngathi kubetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu? Mhlawumbi ukuba sele ekhulile kancinci, uza kukuxelela athi, "Mama, isifuba sam sibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu" okanye "Kuvakala ngathi kukho idrama esifubeni sam." Kuqhelekile ukuba umama okanye utata azive esoyika kancinci xa esiva okanye ebona into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uninzi lwexesha oku akuyonto imbi. Namhlanje sithetha ngolu tshintsho kwisingqi sentliziyo oluyenzeka ebantwaneni, oluyimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-arrhythmia ngokwezonyango.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-arrhythmia?
I-Arrhythmia, ngokufutshane, yiyo nayiphi na inguqu kwisingqisho esiqhelekileyo sentliziyo yethu. Oku kunokwenzeka kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana abancinci.
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokwenzeka apha:
- Intliziyo yomntwana wakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo .
- Intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo .
- Kuvakala ngathi kukho ukubetha kwentliziyo okubangela ingxaki .
- Ukuba nentliziyo eyongezelelekileyo .
Ixesha elininzi, le meko ayifuni naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, inokuba yingozi. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.
Intliziyo yethu isebenza njani? Ingcaciso emfutshane
Ngaphambi kokuba siqonde ukuba yintoni i-arrhythmia, makhe sijonge ngokulula indlela intliziyo yethu esebenza ngayo ukugcina isigqi. Cinga ngentliziyo njenge 'igumbi elincinci leenjini'. Inenkqubo yombane ekhethekileyo. Yile nto ilawula isantya kunye nesingqi sentliziyo.
Njengenkqubo yocingo endlwini, oku kusebenza inyathelo ngenyathelo:
1. Isignali yokuqala: Ukubetha kwentliziyo nganye kuqala ngesignali yombane evela kwiqela elincinci leeseli kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lentliziyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"Sinoatrial node" okanye "SA node". Le yi-'pacemaker' yendalo yentliziyo.
2. Amagumbi aphezulu ayafinyela: Olu phawu lombane lubangela ukuba amagumbi amabini aphezulu entliziyo (i-'Atria`) afinyele, lupompa igazi liye kumagumbi amabini asezantsi (i-'Ventricles`).
3. Isignali iyehla: Le signali iye kwelinye iqela leeseli. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-``Atrioventricular node`` okanye ``AV node``. Oku kufana ``wire``` ethwala umbane ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi.
4. Iigumbi ezisezantsi ziyafinyela: I-AV node ithumela olunye uphawu kwiigumbi ezimbini ezisezantsi zentliziyo (ii-ventricles). Xa iigumbi ezimbini ezisezantsi zifumana olo phawu, ziyafinyela, zikhupha igazi liphume entliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke.
5. Phumla uze uqale kwakhona: Ekugqibeleni, amagumbi amabini ayaphumla, kwaye ukubetha kwentliziyo okutsha kuqala ngesignali yombane elandelayo.
Xa le nkqubo yenzeka ngokufanelekileyo, intliziyo ibetha ngesantya esiqhelekileyo nesingqisho. Kodwa ukuba kukho ukuphazamiseka okanye ingxaki naphi na kule nkqubo yombane, kubakho i-arrhythmia.
Ixhaphake kangakanani i-arrhythmia ebantwaneni?
Enyanisweni, i-arrhythmia ixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni kwaye idla ngokuba yingozi . Oko kuthetha ukuba akukho nto inokubangela ukukhathazeka ngayo. Kodwa njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kunqabile kakhulu, le meko inokuba yingozi okanye ide ibeke ubomi esichengeni. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iimpawu.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-arrhythmias ezenzeka ebantwaneni?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-arrhythmia ezenzeka kubantu abadala nakubantwana. Masizihlele nje.
| Uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Iintlobo eziqala kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (i-Atria) | |
| I-Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) | Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo olubonwa ebantwaneni. Isantya sentliziyo sikhawuleza kakhulu ngequbuliso. Siqala ngokungathi iswitshi yokukhanyisa ivuliwe, size siyeke ngequbuliso. Sisenokubangelwa ziimeko zokuzalwa ezifana neWolff-Parkinson-White syndrome . |
| I-Atrial Flutter | Nangona intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza koku, kukho indlela ethile kunye nocwangco kuyo. |
| I-Atrial Fibrillation | Intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu nangokungaqhelekanga, ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunqabile kakhulu ebantwaneni. |
| Ukuncitshiswa kwe-Atrial kwangaphambi kwexesha (ii-PAC) | Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngaphambi kwexesha. Oku kuvakala ngathi 'yintsimbi eyongezelelweyo' okanye 'yintsimbi ephosiweyo'. |
| Iintlobo eziqala kumagumbi asezantsi entliziyo (ii-ventricles) | |
| Ukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi ngaphambi kwexesha (iiPVC) | Oku kufana nokwangaphambili, kodwa olu kubetha luqala kwigumbi elisezantsi lentliziyo. |
| I-Ventricular Tachycardia (i-V-tach) | Le yimeko embi kakhulu. Intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ngenxa yemiqondiso yombane evela kumagumbi asezantsi entliziyo. |
| Ukufiphalisa kwemithambo yegazi | Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. Endaweni yokuba igazi lifinyele kwaye limpompe kakuhle, amagumbi asezantsi entliziyo ayaqhaqhazela. |
| Ezinye iintlobo | |
| I-Bradycardia | Oku kuthetha ukuba isantya sentliziyo sikhawuleza kunesiqhelo. Ukuba umntwana akanazo ezinye iimpawu, oku akusoloko kuyingozi. |
| Ibloko lentliziyo | Ukulibaziseka okanye ukuvaleka ngokupheleleyo kwesignali yombane ehamba ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi kwentliziyo. |
Ngoko ke yintoni iSinus Arrhythmia?
Usenokoyika ukuva eli gama. Kodwa i-'Sinus Arrhythmia' ayisiyongxaki yezonyango. Yimeko eqhelekileyo nesempilweni ebonwa ebantwaneni.
Kulapho isantya sentliziyo yomntwana sinyuka kancinci xa ephefumla size sehle kancinci xa ekhupha umoya. Olu luphawu lwempilo entle yentliziyo. Akufuneki naluphi na unyango.
Ziziphi iimpawu ze-arrhythmia kumntwana?
Iimpawu zingahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-arrhythmia umntwana anayo. Abanye abantwana basenokungabonakalisi zimpawu konke konke. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Ukuva iintlungu zesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki.
- Ukuba nesiyezi , ukuba nentloko ekhaphukhaphu, okanye ukuquleka (i-syncope).
- Ukuphefumla nzima okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla).
- Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu okanye ubuthathaka.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu . Kungathi ziibhabhathane ezibhabha esifubeni, njengokuvuleka kocango, okanye njengesandi sentliziyo ebetha kakhulu.
Umntwana omncinci angayiqonda njani le nto?
Usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa okanye umntwana omncinci ongakwaziyo ukuthetha akayi kuziqonda ezi zinto. Ngoko ke qaphela ezi mpawu kumntwana onjalo:
* Ubunzima okanye ukungavumi ukusela ubisi .
* Ukuhlala uziva ungaphumli okanye ulila ngaphandle kwesizathu.
* Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphefumla.
* Utshintsho lombala wolusu (oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ongwevu).
Amaxesha amaninzi, uphawu lokuqala lunokuba kukuxhuzula, ukuquleka, okanye ukufa ngequbuliso kwentliziyo.
Yintoni ebangela i-arrhythmia ebantwaneni?
Ixesha elininzi, abantwana abaneengxaki ezifana ne-SVT abanazo ezinye iingxaki zesakhiwo sentliziyo yabo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ezinye iintlobo ze-arrhythmia.
- Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso .
- Izifo ezifana ne -cardiomyopathy , ezibangela ukuba izihlunu zentliziyo ziqine kwaye zikhule.
- Iimeko zemfuza , umzekelo, i-long QT syndrome.
- Umkhuhlane, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, uxinzelelo, ukungalali ngokwaneleyo, okanye iimeko zokudumba emzimbeni.
- Usulelo lweentsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane.
- Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte kwi-electrolytes zomzimba (umz. i-potassium, i-sodium).
- Amayeza athile, ingakumbi lawo anikwa abantwana abakwiiyunithi zokhathalelo oluphezulu.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le meko?
Izihlandlo ezininzi, ugqirha ufumanisa oku ngexesha lokuhlolwa rhoqo okanye xa enyanga enye imeko. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga neempawu zomntwana wakho, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
Ugqirha uza kubuza ngembali yempilo yomntwana neyentsapho yakhe, aphulaphule intliziyo yomntwana, aze acebise uvavanyo olufana nolu ukuba kuyimfuneko.
| Uvavanyo | Ngamafutshane, wenza ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Bajonga ukuba akukho ntsholongwane na, ukungalingani kwetyuwa emzimbeni, okanye ezinye iinguqu kwiikhemikhali emzimbeni. |
| I-Echocardiogram (I-Echo) | Oku kufana nokuskena intliziyo. Kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukujonga ulwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wentliziyo ngokweenkcukacha. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) | Olu luvavanyo olulula kakhulu, olungenabuhlungu. Izitikha ezincinci zifakwa esifubeni somntwana kwaye umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo uyarekhodwa. |
| I-Holter Monitor | Oku kufana ne-'24-hour ECG'. Umntwana ucelwa ukuba anxibe isixhobo esincinci aze ahlale kwindawo yakhe eqhelekileyo imini yonke. Oku kumvumela ukuba abone indlela esitshintsha ngayo isingqisho sentliziyo yakhe imini yonke. |
| Uphononongo lwe-Electrophysiologic (EPS) | Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo. Ityhubhu encinci idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi emlenzeni okanye engalweni ukuya entliziyweni, kwaye ugqirha ufumanisa kanye apho kuvela khona isignali yombane engaqhelekanga. |
Iphathwa njani i-arrhythmia?
Ezinye ii-arrhythmia azidingi nyango. Ugqirha uya kuthi makajonge imeko yomntwana okwethutyana.
Kwezinye iimeko, imeko ebangela i-arrhythmia iyanyangwa. Umzekelo, ukuba ibangelwa lusulelo, kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ukuba kukungalingani kweetyuwa emzimbeni, kunikwa amayeza okulungisa loo nto.
Abanye abantwana banokunikwa iipilisi ezifana ne-'beta-blockers' okanye 'calcium channel blockers' ukulawula isingqisho sentliziyo yabo.
Kwiimeko ezinzulu kancinci, ezinje ngaleKunokufuneka iinkqubo ezithile:
- Ukususwa kwentliziyo: Kule nto, iiseli ezincinci entliziyweni ezibangela i-arrhythmia ziyatshatyalaliswa kusetyenziswa ubushushu okanye amandla obushushu obuphezulu.
- I-Cardioversion: Le yinkqubo ebuyisela isigqi sentliziyo ngokuhambisa umothuko wombane olawulwayo entliziyweni.
- Isixhobo Esifakelweyo: Sisixhobo, esifana ne-pacemaker okanye i-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), esifakelwe phantsi kwesikhumba ukulawula isigqi sentliziyo.
Ngaba kukho izinto onokuzenza ekhaya xa kuvela iimpawu?
Ewe. Ingakumbi kwiimeko zokubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo ngequbuliso njenge-SVT, kukho izinto ezilula onokuzama ngaphambi kokuba uye kugqirha. Kungcono ucele ingcebiso kugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze ezi zinto.
- Ukuzama ukukhwehlela ngamandla okanye ukususa umphimbo wakho.
- Ukubeka ipakethe yomkhenkce okanye ilaphu elifakwe emanzini abandayo ebusweni bomntwana.
- Indlela yokusebenzisa iValsalva: Oku kuquka ukucinezela impumlo yomntwana, ukuvala umlomo wakhe, nokuzama ukuphefumla ngaphandle. Kufana nokukhupha ibhaluni. Oku kunokunyusa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi esifubeni kwaye kuncede isantya sentliziyo sibuyele kwisiqhelo.
Kubalulekile: Ukuba umntwana wakho uyakrwitshwa, unentlungu esifubeni, okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla, musa ukuzama ezi zinto kwaye mthathe umse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane .
Le meko iza kukuchaphazela njani ekuhambeni kwexesha?
Lo ngumbuzo omkhulu engqondweni yomzali ngamnye: liza kuba yintoni ikamva lomntwana one-arrhythmia?
- Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lweentlobo ze-arrhythmias ebantwaneni azinabungozi kwaye azibangeli iingxaki zempilo zexesha elide.
- Abanye abantwana bayayeka ukuba kule meko xa bekhula .
- Abanye bayaqhubeka benale meko, kodwa banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle konyango.
- Kwanabantwana abaneengxaki ezinkulu zentliziyo banokunyangwa ngempumelelo .
Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuba ayinyangwa , i-arrhythmia enzima inokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwegazi (okunokubangela istroke xa isiya engqondweni), ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, okanye ezinye iingxaki. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha kunokungazinaki iimpawu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmia) ebantwaneni yimeko eqhelekileyo kwaye idla ngokuba yingxaki, ngoko ke musa ukoyika.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, isiyezi, ukuquleka, okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, musa ukungayinaki loo nto. Ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha.
- 'I-Sinus Arrhythmia' yimeko eqhelekileyo nesempilweni apho isantya sentliziyo sitshintsha ngokuphefumla. Ayisosifo.
- Nezimo ezinzima zingalawuleka kakuhle ngokuxilongwa nonyango olufanelekileyo.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo malunga nemeko yomntwana wakho, cela ugqirha wakho akucacisele.
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