Ngaba umntwana wakho uhlala eba nomphimbo obuhlungu okanye impumlo egobhozayo? Okanye uyakhumbula xa wawusengumntwana, wawukhe waba nomphimbo obuhlungu ngenxa yomkhuhlane? Ixesha elininzi, asicingi ukuba ezi zizifo eziqhelekileyo, akunjalo? Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ukuba azinyangwa kakuhle, usulelo oluqhelekileyo lomphimbo olufana nolu lunokukhokelela kwisifo esibi esinokonakalisa intliziyo yakho kwixesha elizayo? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba sisifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatic heart disease, okanye `(Rheumatic Heart Disease)`. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni kanye kanye iRheumatic Heart Disease?
Ngamafutshane, isifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'Rheumatic Fever' esibangela umonakalo osisigxina kwiivalvu zentliziyo. Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Ngoko ke yintoni i-rheumatic fever?"
Khawucinge ukuba imizimba yethu ifumana usulelo lwebhaktiriya. Ingakumbi izifo ezifana ne-strep throat okanye i-scarlet fever, ezibangelwa yibhaktiriya ebizwa ngokuba yiGroup A Streptococcal (GAS). Xa ezi bhaktiriya zingena emzimbeni, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, inkqubo yokuzikhusela, iqala ukulwa nazo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha olu dabi luyaphazama. Inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela ixubana nebhaktiriya kunye neeseli zethu eziphilileyo.
Kule ndawo, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, kunye nokuhlasela iintsholongwane, iqala ukuhlasela amalungu omzimba wethu, ingakumbi intliziyo, amalungu, ulusu kunye nengqondo. Oku kubangela ukudumba emzimbeni wonke. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatic fever .
Oku kuvutha kungonakalisa iivalvu ezithambileyo entliziyweni. Iivalvu zentliziyo zifana neengcango. Zivuleka kwaye zivaleke kakuhle ukuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela. Umkhuhlane werheumatic unokubangela ukuba ezi valve zibe namanxeba, zinciphe (stenosis) okanye zingavali kakuhle, zivumele igazi ukuba livuze umva (regurgitation). Kulapho iivalvu zentliziyo zonakele khona ngokusisigxina, kwaye sibiza ngokuba yiRheumatic Heart Disease .
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba lo monakalo ungenzeki ngaxeshanye. Kuphela emva kokuba usulelo lomphimbo luqalile kwaye umkhuhlane wamathambo ufikile waphela, emva kweminyaka emininzi, mhlawumbi emva kweminyaka eli-10 okanye engama-20, apho iimpawu zentliziyo ziqala ukubonakala.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, abantu abaninzi baqala ukuba neempawu kancinci kancinci. Zibonakala kuphela emva kwexesha elithile emva kokuqala komkhuhlane wamathambo. Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala kubantu abadala.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Kuba nzima ukuphefumla xa uzilolonga, uphumle, okanye ulele phantsi. Oku kwenzeka kuba imiphunga iyachaphazeleka xa intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo. |
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Usenokuziva uxinezelekile okanye intlungu esifubeni sakho kuba intliziyo yakho kufuneka isebenze nzima. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Intliziyo ivakala ngathi ibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Ivakala ngathi kukho into ebhabhayo esifubeni. Ngamanye amaxesha, imeko yentliziyo engaqhelekanga efana ne -atrial fibrillation inokwenzeka. |
| Ukudumba komzimba | Isisu, imilenze, amaqatha, kunye nezandla zinokudumba. Oku kubangelwa kukuqokelelwa kolwelo emzimbeni xa umsebenzi wokumpompa kwentliziyo ubuthathaka. |
| Ukudinwa rhoqo | Ngenxa yokuba amalungu omzimba awafumani igazi elaneleyo elineoksijini, uhlala uziva udiniwe kwaye ungakwazi ukwenza nantoni na. |
| Izandi zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (iHeart Murmur) | Xa ugqirha ehlola nge-stethoscope, usenokuva isandi esingaqhelekanga esibangelwa ligazi elihamba ngevalvu eyonakeleyo. |
| Ukukhohlela igazi | Olu luphawu olunzima kakhulu. Lunokwenzeka xa uxinzelelo entliziyweni lusanda kwaye luchaphazela imiphunga. |
Ingaba esi sifo sisasazekayo? Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Hayi. Isifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatic heart disease asisasazeki ngqo ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Nangona kunjalo, usulelo lomphimbo olusibangelayo lubangelwa yi-streptococcal. Le ntsholongwane inokusasazeka emoyeni xa uthimla okanye ukhohlela.
Ngoko ke, ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo?
- Kwabo bafumana usulelo lomphimbo rhoqo kwaye abangathathi mayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngokufanelekileyo: ingakumbi ngexesha lobuntwana.
- Kwabo bahlala kwiindawo ezinezibonelelo zonyango ezinqongopheleyo: Abo bangenako ukufikelela kugqirha kwaye bafumana amayeza basengozini enkulu.
- Kwabo bahlala kwiindawo ezixineneyo nezingenacoceko: Iintsholongwane zisasazeka lula kwiindawo ezinjalo.
Kumazwe aphuhlileyo afana neMelika, apho amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anikwa khona emva nje kokuba unesifo somqala, umkhuhlane wamathambo kunye nesifo sentliziyo samathambo ngoku azifumaneki kangako. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe afana nelethu, ingakumbi kwiindawo zasemaphandleni nezinabantu abaninzi, le meko iseyingxaki enkulu yempilo.
Zithini iziphumo zexesha elide zesifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yirheumatic?
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, umonakalo kwiivalvu zentliziyo unokwanda, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo.
- Ukusilela kwentliziyo: Imeko apho intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-Arrhythmia): Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga okubangelwa ziimeko ezifana ne-'Atrial Fibrillation'.
- I-Infective Endocarditis: Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu apho iintsholongwane ezivela egazini zingena kwiivalvu esele zonakeleyo zize zibangele usulelo.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwimiphunga: Uxinzelelo oluphezulu kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni ukuya emiphungeni.
- Istroke kunye nokuqhekeka kwegazi: Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo kunokubangela ukuba kubekho ukuqhekeka kwegazi ngaphakathi entliziyweni, okunokuhamba kuye engqondweni kuze kubangele istroke.
Kuyingozi kakhulu kubafazi abakhulelweyo abanesifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yi-rheumatic. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umthamo wegazi lomzimba uyanda, nto leyo ebangela ukuba intliziyo isebenze nzima. Intliziyo enevalvu ezonakeleyo inokuba nobunzima bokusingatha lo mthwalo wongezelelweyo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ezinzulu kumama nakumntwana.
Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
Xa uxelela ugqirha wakho ngeempawu zakho, uza kukuxilonga ngononophelo. Ngokukodwa, baza kumamela intliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope baze bajonge naziphi na izandi ezingaqhelekanga (ukumbombozela). Ukongeza, baza kukubuza ukuba wakha waba nomphimbo obuhlungu okanye umkhuhlane usengumntwana.
Kunokwenziwa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa isifo:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukudumba emzimbeni okanye utshintsho kwindlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- I-X-reyi yesifuba: Jonga ukuba intliziyo ikhulu na okanye kukho iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Lufana ne-ultrasound scan yentliziyo. Ingabona ngokucacileyo ukuba ivalvu zentliziyo zonakele, zinciphile, okanye zivuza kangakanani.
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG): Irekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo kwaye ijonga ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango?
Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba esi sifo sinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo na. Inyaniso kukuba, umonakalo kwiivalvu zentliziyo obangelwa sisifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yi-rheumatic awunakuguqulwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba yimeko ehlala ihleli . Nangona kunjalo, ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ungazilawula iimpawu, uthintele ukuba esi sifo singabi mandundu, kwaye uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Iindlela zonyango zinokwahlulwa zibe ziinxalenye eziphambili ezininzi.
| Indlela yonyango | Wenza ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Amayeza | Amayeza anikwa ukulawula ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo, kunye nokususa ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni. Ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi, amayeza okunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants) anokunikwa. |
| Inkqubo Engena Ngobuninzi | Ukuba ivalvu ye-mitral yentliziyo inciphile, kukho indlela yokwandisa ivalvu ngaphandle kotyando, kusetyenziswa ityhubhu encinci efakwe emlenzeni, njengebhaluni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiValvuloplasty . |
| Utyando lweValve yeNtliziyo | Ukuba isifo sibi kakhulu, ivalvu eyonakeleyo inokufuna ukulungiswa okanye isuswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ivalvu yokwenziwa okanye ivalvu yethishu inokufuneka ifakwe. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungasithintela njani esi sifo?
Ewe, le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo kweli nqaku. Isifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatic sisifo esinokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Kukho into elula kakhulu onokuyenza ukuze usithintele.
Ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo lwee-antibiotics kwinqanaba lokuqala losulelo lomphimbo olubangelwa yi-streptococcal.
Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unezinye zeempawu ezingezantsi, nceda ungahlali nje ekhaya ucinge ukuba yinto elula. Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Umqala obuhkungu
- I-tonsillitis
- Intlungu yamalungu
- Intlungu yemisipha
- Amaqhuma okanye izilonda zesikhumba
- Ukungcangcazela okungalawulekiyo kwamalungu okanye intloko (iChorea)
Ukuba ugqirha uvavanya aze aqinisekise ukuba lusulelo lwebhaktiriya, uza kunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza kanye ngexesha elimiselweyo. Musa ukuyeka phakathi konyango kuba nje intlungu iphelile. Ukwenza njalo akuyi kubulala ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane kwaye kuya kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nomkhuhlane wamathambo.
Ukuba sele unesifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yirheumatic, usulelo oluphindaphindwayo lomphimbo lunokwandisa umonakalo entliziyweni yakho. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uthathe inaliti yepenicillin nyanga zonke ixesha elide, mhlawumbi ubomi bakho bonke, ukuthintela usulelo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ebangelwa yintsholongwane eyenzeka ebuntwaneni.
- Esi sifo sibangela umonakalo ongunaphakade kwiivalvu zentliziyo. Lo monakalo awunakuguqulwa.
- Iimpawu ezinje ngokuphefumla kancinci, iintlungu zesifuba, ukudinwa, kunye nokudumba kwemilenze zibonakala emva kweminyaka emininzi isifo siqalile.
- Musa ukuyityeshela ingqaqambo yomqala okanye umkhuhlane, ingakumbi ebantwaneni. Bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, thatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ixesha elipheleleyo elimiselweyo.
- Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yirheumatic, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kunye nonyango ngokuchanekileyo. Yiya kuhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo.
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