Ngaba une-bile duct evalekileyo? (Ukuvalwa kwe-Bile Duct) - Masifumanise ngale nto!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukhe ube neentlungu eziqatha zesisu esingaphezulu, amehlo abe tyheli, kwaye ulusu lube tyheli? Okanye indle yakho iba nombala okhanyayo kwaye umchamo wakho ube mnyama? Ezi ayizompawu zokungazinanzi. Zinokuba luphawu lwento evala imibhobho yakho yenyongo.

Yintoni iBile Duct Obstruction?

Ngamafutshane, ukuvaleka kombhobho wenyongo yimeko apho into inamathela ngaphakathi kwimibhobho yakho yenyongo, nto leyo ethintela ukuba inyongo ingaphumi kuyo.

Ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba yintoni inyongo kunye ne-bile ducts, akunjalo? Kulungile, masichaze loo nto.

Inyongo lulwelo olusinceda sigaye amafutha ekutyeni esikutyayo. Luveliswa esibindini sethu. Le nyongo, eveliswa sisibindi, igcinwa kwinyongo. Xa sisitya, le nyongo ikhutshwa kwinyongo ize iye emathunjini amancinci ukuze incede ekugayeni ukutya. Kukho enye into kule nyongo, kwaye yimveliso engcolileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-bilirubin . Le nyongo iveliswa xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi egazini lethu ziqhekeka. Isibindi sisusa le nyongo emzimbeni ngenyongo.

Imibhobho yenyongo ifana nenkqubo yemibhobho emincinci. Cinga ngayo njengemibhobho emincinci ethwala amanzi. Le mibhobho ithwala inyongo, eveliswa esibindini, iye kwinyongo ize iye emathunjini amancinci. Ikwanceda ekuthwaleni i-bilirubin iphume esibindini.

Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho into ebambekayo kule mibhobho yenyongo, imibhobho yenyongo iyavaleka, kwaye inyongo iqala ukubuyela esibindini. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu eziqatha, kwaye ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu zempilo .

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Enyanisweni, ingxaki eqhelekileyo echaphazela imibhobho yenyongo kukuthinteleka . Cinga nje, malunga nabantu aba-5 kwabayi-1,000 bavelisa amatye enyongo, anokuthintela imibhobho yenyongo. Amatye enyongo luhlobo lwelitye elenzeka xa izinto ezikwinyongo ziqokelelana kwaye ziqina. Amatye enyongo ngawona abangela ukuvaleka kwemibhobho yenyongo.

Zithini iimpawu zokuvaleka kwe-bile duct?

Amaxesha amaninzi, iimpawu ziyafana nezo ze-gallstones kunye ne-jaundice. Iimpawu ze-jaundice ziluphawu lokuba igazi lakho line-bilirubin eninzi kakhulu.

Nika ingqalelo kwezi mpawu:

• Intlungu yesisu esingaphezulu: Oku kunokuvakala ngathi yintlungu ebuhlungu kancinci kancinci, ehlabayo, nengacacanga. Iyakhula kancinci kancinci emva kwemizuzu embalwa.
• Ukutyheli kwesikhumba okanye ukutyheli kwamehlo amhlophe:Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-jaundice.
• Indle enombala wodongwe kunye nomchamo omnyama: Xa inyongo ingakhutshwanga kakuhle emathunjini, indle itshintsha umbala. Kwakhona, umchamo uba mnyama kuba i-bilirubin eninzi ikhutshwa kumchamo.
• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo (ukurhawuzelela): Oku kusenokuba kubangelwa ziityuwa zenyongo ezihlala eluswini.
• Ukutya akunancasa.
• Ukuba mncane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu (ndidiniwe).

Yintoni ebangela ukuvaleka kwe-bile duct?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela ukuvaleka kwe-bile duct. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili:

• Amatye enyongo avala imibhobho yenyongo yakho: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.
• Ii-cysts ze-Choledochal: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga, ezalwa nayo. Ezi cysts ziyacothisa ukuhamba kwenyongo.
• Ukuqiniswa kwemibhobho yenyongo: Oku kukuncitshiswa okungaqhelekanga kombhobho wenyongo. Oku kunokubangelwa yimeko yempilo okanye amanxeba emva kotyando.

Ukuqiniswa kwemibhobho yenyongo kunokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo (ezibangela umhlaza nezingezizo umhlaza). Umzekelo, zinokubangelwa kukuqhekeka kwamanxeba emva kotyando lokususwa kwenyongo (cholecystectomy).

Nazi ezinye izizathu zokubakho kwe-bile duct strictures ezinokubangela ukuvaleka kwe-bile duct:

• Umhlaza: Umhlaza wepancreatic, umhlaza we-bile duct, umhlaza wesibindi, kunye nomhlaza osasazekayo.
• Iimeko zokuzalwa: Imizekelo ibandakanya iimeko ezifana ne-`(Biliary atresia)` kunye ne-`(Alagille syndrome)`.
• Ukudumba okungapheliyo kwemibhobho yenyongo: Izifo ezifana ne-`(Primary biliary cholangitis)` kunye ne-`(primary sclerosing cholangitis)`.
• I-autoimmune pancreatitis kunye ne-pancreatitis eqhelekileyo.
• Ukudumba okubangelwa kukwenzakala, usulelo lwebhaktiriya, okanye olubangelwa zizinambuzane.
• Imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Mirizzi syndrome'.
• Utyando lokususa inyongo (Cholecystectomy).
• Unyango ngemitha.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zokuvaleka kwe-bile duct?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, oku kuthinteleka kunokubangela ukuba inyongo iqokeleleke esibindini. Oku kunokubangela ukudumba okukhulu, kwaye ukuba akunyangwa, izifo ezisongela ubomi.Inokubangela ukuba isibindi sibe namanxeba angapheliyo, nto leyo enokubangela isifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(cirrhosis of the liver)`. Oku nako, ukuba akulawulwa kakuhle, kunokubangela ukuba isibindi singaphumeleli.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba inyongo inamathela kwimibhobho ekufutshane nenyongo yakho, unokufumana usulelo lwenyongo (i-cholecystitis).

Kwakhona, ngaphandle kwenyongo eyaneleyo, amathumbu akho amancinci awakwazi ukugaya amafutha. Oku kunokubangela ukungondleki kakuhle .

Ufumanisa njani ukuba uvalekile umbhobho wenyongo?

Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukubuza ngembali yakho yezonyango, kuquka iimpawu zakho kunye namayeza owaselayo. Emva koko, baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba ukujonga iimpawu zokuvaleka, ezinje ngeentlungu zesisu okanye ukudumba.

Khumbula, ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Emva koko, kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwegazi kunye novavanyo olukhethekileyo lwemifanekiso ukuqinisekisa ukuvaleka kunye nokufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangele oko.

Uvavanyo lwegazi

Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokubonisa iimpawu zokuvaleka. Ugqirha wakho angayalela uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC) lunokukunika umbono wempilo yakho iyonke.
• Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwesibindi: Ukuba amanqanaba e-bilirubin egazini lakho aphezulu, oko kungaba luphawu lokuvaleka. Kwakhona, ukuba ii-enzymes zesibindi ezifana ne-alkaline phosphatase (ALP) kunye ne-gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) ziphezulu kunesiqhelo, oko kungathetha ukuba isibindi asisebenzi kakuhle ngenxa yokuvaleka.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwePancreas: Ukuba ii-enzymes zePancreas ezifana ne-``(Amylase)`` kunye ne-``(lipase)`` ziphezulu, oko kusenokuba luphawu lwengxaki yePancreas enxulumene nokuvaleka kwe-bile duct.

Uvavanyo lokufota

Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi zibonisa ukuba kukho ukuvaleka kwegazi, ungadinga uvavanyo lomfanekiso. Olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo lunokwenziwa:

• I-Ultrasound: I-ultrasound isebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza imifanekiso yangaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Oku kunokunceda ekuchongeni izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezinokubonisa ukuvaleka. Ungadinga i-ultrasound ye-endoscopic, i-ultrasound yesisu, okanye i-ultrasound yesibindi.
• I-abdominal computed tomography (CT scan): I-CT scan isebenzisa i-X-ray kunye nekhompyutha ukwenza imifanekiso eneenkcukacha. Ingasusa nezinye izizathu zeempawu zakho ezisenokungabonakali kwi-ultrasound.
• I-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): Uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-ERCP lunokunceda ekufumaneni unobangela wokuvaleka kwento ethile nokunyanga. Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha wakho ufaka ityhubhu eguquguqukayo (i-endoscope) enokukhanya kunye nekhamera eqhotyoshelwe kuyo kwimibhobho yakho yenyongo. Izixhobo zingasetyenziselwa ukuthatha isampuli yezicubu (i-biopsy) okanye ukulungisa ukuvaleka kwayo. Uza kuthomalaliswa ngexesha lovavanyo.
• I-Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP): Olu luvavanyo lwe-MRI oluphambili. Idayi ekhethekileyo ifakwa kwimibhobho yenyongo yakho njengoko idlula kuyo. Njenge-ERCP, ingabonisa unobangela wokuvaleka, okufana namatye enyongo okanye izithintelo. Nangona kunjalo, ayingeni kakhulu kune-ERCP.
• Iskeni se-Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA): Kwiskeni se-HIDA, kusetyenziswa i-radioactive tracer ukwenza imifanekiso njengoko ihamba kwimibhobho yakho yenyongo. Oku kungabonisa unobangela wokuvaleka, njengeengxaki zenyongo okanye iingxaki zokuzalwa ezibangela ukucutheka kwemibhobho.
• I-Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC): Kuvavanyo lwe-"PTC", i-ultrasound okanye i-X-rays zisetyenziselwa ukuthatha imifanekiso yedayi ekhethekileyo edluliselwa kwimibhobho yakho yenyongo ide ifikelele emathunjini akho amancinci. Idayi ibonisa naziphi na izithintelo kwimibhobho.

Ungayinyanga njani le ngxaki yokuvaleka kwe-bile duct?

Unyango lokuvaleka kombhobho wenyongo luxhomekeke ekubeni ufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwaye yintoni ebangele ukuvaleka kwawo.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango:

• I-ERCP (i-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography): Ngexesha le-ERCP, ugqirha angasusa amatye enyongo kwimibhobho yenyongo. Amatye anokutyunyuzwa aze asuswe kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezingaphakathi kwityhubhu ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili (i-endoscope).
• Utyando lokususa inyongo: Ukuba unamatshe enyongo ahlala evala imibhobho yenyongo yakho, kunokufuneka ukuba ususwe inyongo yakho. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ngotyando olungenamsebenzi kangako olubizwa ngokuba yi-laparoscopy. Ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni ngaphandle kwenyongo.
• Ii-stents: Ugqirha wakho unokufaka ityhubhu encinci eyenziwe ngesinyithi okanye ngeplastiki, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"stent," kwi-bile duct yakho ukuze ivuleke okanye ihlale ivulekile. Ukuba ukuvaleka kubangelwa zii-strictures, unokufuna ukufaka i-"stent."
• Unyango lomhlaza:Ukuba ukuvaleka kubangelwa sisimila, ungadinga utyando okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza ezifana ne-chemotherapy kunye ne-radiation.

Zithini amathuba okubuyela esimeni emva kwale meko?

Ingqikelelo yakho ixhomekeke kwisizathu sokuvaleka. Umzekelo, ukuba unobangela yi-gallstones, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunceda ukuthintela iingxaki. Ngonyango, uninzi lwabantu luyachacha ngokupheleleyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuvaleka kwemibhobho yenyongo okubangelwa ngumhlaza okanye isifo sesibindi esingapheliyo kunokuba nzima ngakumbi ukuyilawula.

Ayingomntu wonke imeko yakhe ifana. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela into onokuyilindela kunyango ngokusekelwe kwisizathu sokuvaleka kwale ngxaki kunye nendlela echaphazela ngayo impilo yakho.

Ngaba ukuvaleka kwemibhobho yenyongo kunokuthintelwa?

Ukuvaleka kwe-bile duct akunakuthintelwa rhoqo.

Nangona kunjalo, unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-gallstones, eyimbangela ephambili , ngokunciphisa ubungakanani be-cholesterol ekutyeni kwakho. Unganciphisa nomngcipheko wakho wezifo ezininzi zesibindi ezinokubangela ukuqina kwesibindi:

• Ukuzilolonga ngokwaneleyo.
• Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo okunamafutha aphantsi.
• Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo.
• Ukuphepha ukusela utywala, okanye ukusela utywala ngomlinganiselo olinganiselweyo kuphela.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu zokuvaleka kombhobho wenyongo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha . Iimpawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo, ezinje ngentlungu yesisu, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza, zinokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufumanisa ngokukhawuleza ukuba ingxaki ivalekile na - ngaphambi kokuba kubekho iingxaki ngenxa yokwanda kwenyongo.

Ingaba umbhobho wenyongo ovalekileyo yingxamiseko?

Ewe, inokuba yingxamiseko. Ingakumbi ukuba i-bile reflux ibangela ukudumba okukhulu kunye nosulelo. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha kwangoko xa ubona iimpawu zokuqala ukuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki.

Inyongo ibalulekile ukuze imibhobho yenyongo ihambe kakuhle, inceda imizimba yethu ukuba itye ukutya kwaye isuse i-bilirubin (inkunkuma). Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ezi zivalo. Inyongo kufuneka idlulele emathunjini akho amancinci ukuze iphule amafutha. I-Bilirubin ikwafuneka ishiye isibindi sakho ukuze ithintele iingxaki ezifana nesifo sesibindi okanye usulelo. Ukuba uvalekile, ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba zeziphi iindlela ezilungileyo zokuyisusa.

Okokugqibela, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, sithethe kakhulu ngeBile Duct Obstruction. Nazi izinto eziphambili ekufuneka uzikhumbule kweli bali:

• Ukuvaleka kombhobho wenyongo yimeko efuna ukuqwalaselwa . Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nentlungu yesisu esingentla, ukutyheli kwamehlo, okanye utshintsho kumbala wendle , bona ugqirha ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha.
• Oku kuqheleke kakhulu, kubangelwe yi-gallstones , kodwa kunokubakho nezinye izizathu ezinzulu, ezifana nomhlaza.
• Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye sinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, umntu unokuchacha ngokupheleleyo.
• Ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, ukulawula utywala) kunokunciphisa ezinye izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko.
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, ungabi nazintloni zokubuza ugqirha wakho. Bakhona ukukunceda.

Impilo yakho ibaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Ngoko ke yinyamekele. Ungakhathazeki, kukho isisombululo sayo yonke ingxaki!

Ukuvaleka kweBile Duct, Amatye eGallstones, iJaundice, Isibindi, iGallbladder, Ukuvaleka kweBile Duct, iJaundice