Ingaba umzimba wakho ujika ube tyheli? Masifunde ngovavanyo lwe-bilirubin.

Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi ulusu lwakho okanye amehlo akho amhlophe ajike aba tyheli? Okanye wakha weva umntu esithi, "Usana lutyheli kancinci, kufuneka sikhanyise izibane" xa usiya kubona usana olusandul' ukuzalwa? Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-jaundice. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuba 'i-bilirubin' emizimbeni yethu iyanda. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokuba yintoni olu vavanyo lwe-bilirubin kunye nesizathu sokuba lwenziwe.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-bilirubin?

Ngamafutshane, i-bilirubin yi-pigment etyheli-orenji eveliswa xa iiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi ziwohloka. Cinga ngeeseli ezibomvu zegazi emizimbeni yethu njengezisebenzi ezincinci. Zisebenza okwethutyana zize 'zithathe umhlala-phantsi', oko kuthetha ukuba ziyafa. Le nkunkuma ibizwa ngokuba yi-bilirubin.

Okwenzeka rhoqo kukuba isibindi sethu sithatha i-bilirubin egazini, sitshintshe uhlobo lwayo lweekhemikhali, size siyisuse emzimbeni. Uninzi lwayo lukhutshwa kwindle njengenyongo, kwaye inani elincinci likhutshwa kumchamo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inqanaba lakho le-bilirubin liphezulu kunesiqhelo, oko kuthetha ukuba iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi ziyaqhekeka ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo, okanye isibindi sakho asikwazi ukuyicoca kakuhle le bilirubin size siyikhuphe emzimbeni wakho. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho ukuvaleka kwendlela ethwala i-bilirubin ukusuka esibindini ukuya esitulweni.

Kutheni kufuneka senze olu vavanyo lwe-bilirubin?

Kubantu abadala nakubantwana, oogqirha basebenzisa olu vavanyo ukukhangela nokubeka esweni izifo zesibindi kunye nemibhobho yenyongo. Umzekelo, inokunceda ekuxilongeni iimeko ezifana ne-cirrhosis, i-hepatitis, okanye i-gallstones.

Ukongeza, olu vavanyo lubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho iintlobo ezithile ze-anemia, ingakumbi i-hemolytic anemia, apho iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zitshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza kunokuba ziveliswa.

I-jaundice, ukutyheli kolusu namehlo, kwenzeka xa amanqanaba e-bilirubin enyuka kakhulu. Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Oogqirha baya kugqiba ukuba ngaba unyango luyadingeka ngokusekwe kubudala bomntwana, amanqanaba e-bilirubin, kunye nohlobo lwakhe.

Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo?

Amanqanaba eBilirubin anokulinganiswa kumchamo wakho nasegazini. Uvavanyo lomchamo ludla ngokwenziwa ukujonga i-bilirubin. Ukuba umchamo wakho ubonisa i-bilirubin, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze kuchongwe ubungakanani obuchanekileyo egazini lakho.

Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ngovavanyo lwegazi. Umongikazi okanye ingcali yelabhoratri iza kuthatha igazi elincinci kumthambo osengalweni yakho isebenzisa inaliti encinci. Kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa, igazi lidla ngokuthathwa ngokwenza ukugqobhoza okuncinci esithendeni somntwana.

Ingakumbi kwiintsana ezincinci kunye nabo boyika iinaliti, ngamanye amaxesha kubakho uvavanyo olwenziwa ngaphandle kokufaka inaliti. Lubizwa ngokuba yi -transcutaneous bilirubin measurement . Isixhobo esincinci sibekwa esifubeni somntwana okanye ebunzini kwaye ukukhanya kukhanya kuso. Sinokulinganisa amanqanaba e-bilirubin ngaphandle kokuthatha igazi.

Ngubani ofanele athathe olu vavanyo?

Kukho iimeko ezahlukeneyo apho ugqirha wakho angayalela olu vavanyo. Jonga itheyibhile engezantsi.

Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kovavanyo?

Ngokwesiqhelo, uya kucetyiswa ukuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli nto kangangeeyure ezi-4 ngaphambi kovavanyo . Kwakhona, amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo anokuchaphazela iziphumo zolu vavanyo. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo, kuquka neevithamini.

• Amayeza anokunyusa amanqanaba e-bilirubin aquka: amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, amayeza okulwa nemalariya, i-morphine, amayeza okuthintela ukukhulelwa athethwa ngomlomo, kunye namanye amayeza e-steroids.
• Amayeza anokunciphisa amanqanaba e-bilirubin: ii-barbiturates, i-caffeine, i-penicillin, kunye needosi eziphezulu ze-salicylates.

Zithini iziphumo?

Uvavanyo lwe-bilirubin lulinganisa inqanaba lakho lilonke le-bilirubin. Singakwazi nokufumanisa amanqanaba eentlobo ezimbini eziphambili ngokwahlukeneyo.

1. I-bilirubin engadibaniyo: Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"indirect." Le yi-bilirubin 'engavuthwanga' eveliswa xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziqhekeka. Ihamba ngegazi ukuya esibindini.

2. I-bilirubin edityanisiweyo: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba "ngqo." Emva kokuba ifikelele esibindini, i-bilirubin 'engahlanzwanga' iguqulwa ngokweekhemikhali kwaye yenziwe ngendlela enokukhutshwa emzimbeni. Loo bilirubin 'ihlanjululweyo' yile siyibiza ngokuba yi-bilirubin edityanisiweyo.

Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-bilirubin

| Umntu/Uhlobo | Inqanaba eliqhelekileyo (mg/dl) |

| -- ... |

| Abantu abadala (ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-18) | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.2 mg/dl (I-Bilirubin iyonke) |

| Abantwana (abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18) | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.0 mg/dl (I-Bilirubin iyonke) |

| Iintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12 mg/dl (i-Bilirubin iyonke) - ngamanye amaxesha nangaphezulu |

| Idityaniswe ngqo (ngqo) | Kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-0.3 mg/dl |

Kuthekani ukuba inqanaba le-bilirubin liphezulu? (I-Bilirubin ephezulu)

Ukuba inqanaba le-bilirubin yomntu omdala liphezulu kune-2.0 mg/dl, oko kungaba luphawu lwe-jaundice. Ukuba inqanaba losana olusandul’ ukuzalwa liphezulu kune-15 mg/dl, oogqirha baza kuqalisa unyango.

Izizathu zokwanda kwe-bilirubin:

• I-anemia
• Isifo sokuqina kwesibindi
• Indlela osabela ngayo xa utofelwe igazi
• I-Gilbert syndrome - Le yimeko eqhelekileyo, efunyanwa njengelifa ebangelwa kukungabikho kwe-enzyme eqhekeza i-bilirubin.
• I-hepatitis yentsholongwane
• Isifo sesibindi esibangelwa kukusebenzisa utywala kakhulu
• Amatye enyongo
• Ukuzilolonga okunzima, njengokubaleka i-marathon

Izizathu zokwanda kwe-bilirubin kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa:

• Ukungahambelani kohlobo lwegazi phakathi komama nomntwana
• Ukunqongophala komoya-mpilo ekuzalweni
• Usulelo oluzuzwa njengelifa
• Isifo esichaphazela isibindi

Kuthekani ukuba inqanaba le-bilirubin liphantsi? (I-Bilirubin ephantsi)

Amanqanaba aphantsi e-bilirubin adla ngokungathathwa njengengxaki enkulu. Anokubangelwa yi-caffeine okanye amayeza athile. Amaxesha amaninzi, anokunxulunyaniswa nezifo ezithile zokuzikhusela komzimba.

Kudla ngokuthatha iiyure ezimbalwa okanye usuku ukufumana iziphumo zovavanyo. Xa ufumana iziphumo zakho, ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela ukuba zithetha ukuthini kwaye wenze ntoni emva koko.