Xa silindele ukuba ngumama okanye utata, eyona minqweno yethu inkulu kukuzisela umntwana ophilileyo nofanelekileyo kweli hlabathi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ngokungalindelekanga, abantwana banokuzalwa beneengxaki ezithile zempilo xa bezalwa. Ngokwezonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba "ziziphene zokuzalwa". Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa usiva eli gama. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Le yimeko eqhelekileyo kunokuba sicinga. Masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha nangomoya wokuzola.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi ngxaki zokuzalwa?
Iziphene zokuzalwa ziinguqu ezingaqhelekanga ezenzeka ekuphuhlisweni komzimba womntwana ngelixa esesesibelekweni, ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ezi nguqu zinokuchaphazela naliphi na ilungu lomzimba womntwana. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banokuzibona ezi zinto ngexesha le-scan ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ezinye zinokufunyanwa emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe. Ezinye iziphene zokuzalwa zisenokungabonakali kuthi de umntwana abe mdala kancinci. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba azizo zonke iziphene zokuzalwa ezibonakalayo ngaphandle.
Ezi meko zinokuchaphazela ubomi bomntwana ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zinokubangela utshintsho oluncinci kuphela kwinkangeleko yomntwana, ngelixa ezinye zinokuchaphazela indlela umntwana acinga, ashukuma ngayo, kwaye enza ngayo imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
Ziziphi iingxaki zokuzala ezixhaphakileyo?
Kukho iingxaki ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zokuzala ezibonwa kwihlabathi liphela. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.
| Igama leMeko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Imilebe ecacileyo kunye/okanye iPalate | Umlebe ongasentla womntwana okanye incasa engasentla ayidibani kakuhle. Oku kungalungiswa ngotyando olulula. |
| Iimeko zentliziyo zokuzalwa | Umntwana uzalwa enotshintsho kwisimo sentliziyo yakhe. Ezinye zincinci, ngelixa ezinye zifuna unyango. |
| I-Down Syndrome | Le yimeko yemfuza, ebangelwa kukuba nekopi eyongezelelweyo yechromosome 21 emzimbeni. |
| I-Clubfoot | Unyawo lomntwana okanye iinyawo zombini zigobile ngaphakathi. Kukwakho nonyango lomzimba kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango zoku. |
| I-Sickle Cell Anemia | I-anemia yimeko ebangelwa kukutshintsha kwesimo seeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Oku kukwavela kwiijini. |
Ingaba kulungile ukusebenzisa igama elithi "Ukuzalwa Okungalunganga"?
Ewe, eli ligama elichanekileyo ngokwezonyango. Akukho nto imbi ngokusebenzisa eli gama ukuchaza utshintsho ekukhuleni komzimba womntwana. Kodwa kukho into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule rhoqo.
Ungaze ubize umntu onesi sifo ngokuthi “unesiphene.” Ukwahluka kwakhe ngokwasemzimbeni akuchazi ukuba ungubani na. Sonke sifanele sihloniphane.
Ukuba uziva ungakhululekanga ukusebenzisa igama elithi "ingxaki yokuzalwa," ungasebenzisa negama elithi "imeko yokuzalwa."
Zingaba yintoni iimpawu zale meko inje?
Iimpawu zengxaki yokuzalwa zinokuqala kwezincinci kakhulu ukuya kwezinzima kakhulu.
| Iindlela zokuqaphela iimpawu zengxaki yokuzalwa | |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu ezinokubonakala ngexesha lokukhulelwa | |
| Ukusuka kwiimvavanyo zegazi | Amanqanaba eeproteni ezithile egazini likamama aphantsi okanye aphezulu kunokuba bekulindelwe. |
| Iskeni ye-ultrasound | Ulwelo olongezelelweyo luqokelelana emva kwentamo yomntwana ongekazalwa. |
| I-echocardiogram yosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa | Ukubakho kwezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga kwimo yezitho zangaphakathi, njengentliziyo, kwimveku engekazalwa. |
| Iimpawu ezinokubonakala emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe | |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga. |
| Ukuphefumla | Ubunzima bokuphefumla wedwa. |
| Ukuphendula | Abaphenduli xa bebizwa ngegama labo okanye beva ingxolo enkulu, bengalandeli nto ngamehlo abo. |
| Isiselo sobisi | Ubunzima bokusela ubisi. |
| Inkangeleko | Ukuba nembonakalo ethile engaqhelekanga entlokweni, ebusweni, emehlweni, ezindlebeni, okanye emlonyeni. |
| Ukukhula | Ukungaphumeleli ukufikelela kwimigangatho yophuhliso efanelekileyo ngokweminyaka (umz., ukungajiki intamo, ukungaqengqeleki). |
Olu luhlu aluphelelanga. Ukuba ubona nantoni na engaqhelekanga okanye ekrokrisayo ngomntwana wakho, thetha nogqirha womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko .
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu zoku?
Lo ngumbuzo okhathaza abazali abaninzi. Bayazibuza, "Kutheni oku kwenzeke kumntwana wethu?" Enyanisweni, kunzima ukukhomba isizathu esinye kuphela. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokubakho ukudibana kwezizathu ezininzi.
Kodwa into ekufuneka siyazi kukuba i-70% yazo zonke iingxaki zokuzala ezaziwayo azinasizathu sicacileyo nesiqinisekileyo . Uninzi lwazo lwenzeka ngengozi. Oko kuthetha ukuba akukho mntu unetyala.
Kukho iindidi eziphambili zezizathu eziye zachongwa:
1. Izinto ezibangela ufuzo
Ngamafutshane, isicwangciso sendlela imizimba yethu efanele ikhule ngayo sifumaneka kwiijini zethu nakwiichromosomes. Naluphi na utshintsho olukule sicwangciso lunokuchaphazela uphuhliso lomntwana.
- Ukwanda kwenani lee-chromosomes: Umzekelo ngu `(Down syndrome)`.
- Ukuncipha kwenani lee-chromosomes: Umzekelo yi-`(Turner syndrome)`.
- Iinxalenye zeechromosomes ziyalahleka okanye zinamathele kwezinye iindawo.
2. Amanye amayeza athathwayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Amanye amayeza anokuchaphazela umntwana osakhula esibelekweni. Ngoko ke, ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, okanye sele ukhulelwe, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza okanye iivithamini ozithathayo. Musa ukuyeka okanye ukuqala amayeza amatsha ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha wakho kuqala.
3. Ukuchanabeka kwiikhemikhali okanye iziyobisi ezithile
- Ukusela utywala
- Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba okanye ezinye iziyobisi
- Ukuchatshazelwa zizinambuzane ezithile okanye izibulali-zinambuzane
4. Ezinye iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Ngamanye amaxesha, usulelo kumama (umz., iToxoplasmosis, iCytomegalovirus), okanye ukwehla kwamanqanaba olwelo esibelekweni kunokuchaphazela ukukhula komntwana.
Oogqirha bazixilonga njani ezi meko?
Ingxaki yokuzalwa inokufunyanwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, emva nje kokuzalwa, okanye kamva. Kusetyenziswa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo koku.
- Ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Izinto zokuqala oza kuzenza kukuskena kunye novavanyo lwegazi. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba 'luvavanyo lokuhlola'. Ukuba ezi zinto zibonisa ukuba kukho umngcipheko, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Umzekelo, izinto ezifana ne-"Amniocentesis" (ukuvavanya isampuli yolwelo esibelekweni) okanye i-"Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)" (ukuvavanya iqhekeza elincinci le-placenta).
- Emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe: Ukuba ugqirha uhlola umntwana aze aqaphele naziphi na izinto ezingaqhelekanga, angenza olunye uvavanyo (umz. uvavanyo lwegazi, uvavanyo lwe-echo, ii-X-ray) ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
Wenza ntoni njengonyango?
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobunzima beengxaki zokuzalwa umntwana anazo. Unyango alufani kuzo zonke iimeko.
Iindlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zezi:
- Utyando:Utyando lwenziwa ukuze kulungiswe isiphene somzimba (umz., i-cleft palate, umngxuma entliziyweni).
- Amayeza: Amayeza anikwa ukulawula iimpawu okanye ukulawula imeko.
- Unyango Lomzimba: Lunceda ukuqinisa izihlunu zomntwana kunye nokuphucula ukuhambahamba.
- Izixhobo zokuncedisa: Izixhobo zokuva xa uneengxaki zokuva, izitulo ezinamavili xa uneengxaki zokuhamba.
- Inkxaso yeMfundo eKhethekileyo: Ukubonelela ngenkxaso esikolweni eyenzelwe iimfuno zokufunda zomntwana.
Khumbula, akukho 'nyango' lweengxaki ezininzi zokuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, unyango olufanelekileyo kunye nolawulo lunokunceda umntwana aphile ubomi obuhle nobanelisayo.
Ngaba zikho iindlela zokuthintela iingxaki zokuzalwa?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Inyaniso kukuba, uninzi lweengxaki zokuzalwa azinakuthintelwa , kuba asazi ukuba zibangelwa yintoni kanye kanye.
Nangona kunjalo, ukukhulelwa okunempilo kunokunciphisa ezinye zeengozi.
- Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo.
- Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, thatha i-vitamin equlethe i -400 mcg ye-folic acid yonke imihla.
- Bonana nogqirha kwangoko xa ukrokrela ukuba ukhulelwe.
- Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo utywala kunye necuba.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza okanye izongezo ozisebenzisayo.
Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza (ixesha lokuya kwi-ETU)
Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, mse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Ulusu lujika lube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lube mthubi, okanye lube ngwevu
- Ukutyheli kwamhlophe emehlweni okanye kulusu
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo okanye okucothayo ngendlela engaqhelekanga
- Ubunzima bokuvusa umntwana
- Ukwala ngokupheleleyo iziselo zobisi
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iingxaki zokuzalwa zixhaphake kakhulu kunokuba sicinga. Uninzi lwexesha, zenzeka ngengozi, ngoko ke ayilotyala labazali.
- Eminye imingcipheko ingancitshiswa ngokulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni (ukuthatha i-folic acid, ukuphepha utywala) ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza owasebenzisayo ngaphambi nangexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Ngokubona isifo kwasekuqaleni nokuqalisa unyango olufanelekileyo nolawulo, umntwana unokunikwa ubomi obulungileyo.
- Nokuba umntwana uneengxaki zokuzalwa, uthando lwakho, inkathalo kunye nenkxaso yakho zezona zinto zixabisekileyo umntwana anokuzifumana.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment