Isifo sentliziyo siyinto exhalabisa kakhulu uninzi lwethu. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba akukho zimpawu zinkulu, imeko enzulu inokukhula emzimbeni. Ngoko ke, ungamangaliswa ukuba singakuxelela ukuba kukho indlela yokwazi kwangaphambili ngempilo yentliziyo yakho, oko kukuthi, ungakanani umngcipheko onawo wokufumana isifo sentliziyo, ingakumbi isifo semithambo yegazi (CAD)? Ewe, kulapho uvavanyo lwegazi luluncedo khona. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zezi vavanyo kunye nembali yakho yempilo, ugqirha wakho uya kuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Ngubani ekufuneka enze olu vavanyo lwegazi?
Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Ngaba ndiyaludinga olu vavanyo?" Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha wakho angayalela olu hlobo lovavanyo lwegazi. Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto zinobungozi, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ezi mvavanyo.
- Imikhwa yokutya engafanelekanga: Ukuba utya ukutya okuninzi okunamafutha, okuneswekile, kunye nomgubo.
- Imbali yosapho: Ukuba umama wakho, utata, okanye abantakwenu bakha banesifo sentliziyo ngaphambi kokuba bafikelele kwiminyaka engama-50.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu: Ukuba utyebile kakhulu ngokweminyaka yakho.
- Ukungazilolongi: Ukuba ungumntu ohlala kwindawo enye imini yonke kwaye engazilolongi.
- Ukutshaya okanye ukusebenzisa icuba: Ukuba utshaya icuba okanye usebenzisa ezinye iintlobo zecuba.
- Ezinye iimeko zempilo: Ukuba sele unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye ukhe wahlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi ngaphambili.
Ukuba unale mingcipheko, ungoyiki. Oko akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba nesifo sentliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, bubulumko ukufumanisa umngcipheko kwangethuba kwaye uthathe amanyathelo afunekayo.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lukhangela ntoni?
Xa bejonga umngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo, oogqirha banika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwizinto ezimbalwa egazini lakho. Ngamafutshane, ezi zizinto eziphambili ezisinika izikhokelo malunga nempilo yentliziyo yethu. Masijonge nganye kwezi zinto ngokulula.
| Uvavanyo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Cholesterol iyonke (TC) | Ubungakanani be-cholesterol iyonke egazini. Okukhona iphezulu le nto, kokukhona umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo uphezulu. |
| IiTriglycerides (TG) | Olu luhlobo lwamafutha egazini. Lunokwandiswa ngokutya okuneswekile eninzi, umgubo, amafutha kunye notywala. Lunokuncipha ngokuzilolonga. |
| I-High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) | Oku kubizwa ngokuba "yi-cholesterol elungileyo." Isusa i-cholesterol embi kwimithambo yegazi. Okukhona ixabiso layo liphezulu, kokukhona ingcono. |
| I-Lipoprotein eNcinci (i-LDL) | Le yi "cholesterol embi" . Xa isanda, inokuthi ihlale kwimithambo yegazi ize iyivale. Yimbangela enkulu yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. |
| Inani elipheleleyo legazi (i-CBC) | Inika inkcazo epheleleyo yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets egazini. Ingachonga iimeko ezifana ne-anemia. |
| IHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) | Ibonisa umgangatho weswekile egazini lakho oqhelekileyo kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 ezidlulileyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwesifo seswekile. |
| Ukuzila iGlucose (Ukuzila iSwekile yegazi) | Amanqanaba eswekile egazini alinganiswa emva kokuzila ukutya iiyure ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-10. Iyakwazi ukubona isifo seswekile kunye nezinto ezibangela ukuba umntu abe nesifo seswekile ngaphambi kokuba afumane isifo seswekile. |
| Iprotheyini ye-C-reactive ebuthathaka kakhulu (i-us-CRP) | Ibonisa inqanaba lokudumba okuncinci kwimithambo yegazi. Okukhona eli xabiso liphezulu, kokukhona umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo uphezulu. |
| I-Serum Creatinine (CR) | Uvavanyo olulinganisa ukusebenza kwezintso. Ukuba izintso azisebenzi kakuhle, lunokuchaphazela nentliziyo. |
Ukongeza kwezi, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ezithile ngokuxhomekeke kumngcipheko wakho. Umzekelo, iimvavanyo ezifana ne-`Lipoprotein (a)`, `Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)`, `Homocysteine (Hcy)`. Uvavanyo ngalunye lunceda ekufumaneni umfanekiso ocacileyo womngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo.
Ulungiselela njani ngaphambi kovavanyo?
Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba yintoni ekufuneka siyenze ngaphambi kokuba siye kuvavanyo.
1. Ukuzila ukutya: Ezinye iimvavanyo, ingakumbi ezo zilinganisa i-cholesterol (Lipid Profile) kunye neswekile yegazi (Fasting Blood Sugar), zifuna ukuba ungatyi kwaye ungaseli kangangeeyure ezisi-8-12 ngaphambi kovavanyo. Ukusela amanzi kudla ngokuba kuhle. Kodwa qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ngale nto.
2. Ulwazi Ngamayeza: Xelela ugqirha wakho malunga namayeza, iivithamini, okanye ezinye izongezo ozithatha rhoqo. Amanye amayeza anokuchaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho kuqala. Uza kukunika ingcebiso malunga nento omawuyenze xa kuyimfuneko.
Ungaziqonda njani iziphumo zovavanyo?
Xa ufumana ingxelo yovavanyo lwakho lwegazi, usenokuziva woyika kancinci ngamanani namagama akulo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Makhe sijonge nje ukuba zithini izinto eziphambili ezikuyo.
Isilumkiso: La ngamaxabiso aqhelekileyo nje. La maxabiso anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, isini, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo. Ngoko ke, soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ingcaciso echanekileyo yengxelo yakho.
| Uvavanyo | Inqanaba elifanelekileyo |
|---|---|
| I-Cholesterol iyonke (TC) | Ngaphantsi kwe-200 mg/dL |
| IiTriglycerides (TG) | Ngaphantsi kwe-150 mg/dL |
| I-HDL (i-cholesterol elungileyo) | Amadoda: makhulu kune-45 mg/dL Abafazi: mkhulu kune-55 mg/dL |
| I-LDL (i-cholesterol embi) | - Kwabo basengozini eqhelekileyo: ngaphantsi kwe-130 mg/dL - Kwabo banesifo seswekile/isifo sentliziyo: 100 mg/dL okanye ngaphantsi kwe-70 mg/dL (njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisile) |
| IHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) | Ngaphantsi kwe-5.7% (esempilweni) 5.7% - 6.4% (umngcipheko wangaphambi kwesifo seswekile) Ngaphezulu kwe-6.5% (iswekile) |
| Ukuzila Iswekile Egazini | Ngaphantsi kwe-100 mg/dL (esempilweni) 100 - 125 mg/dL (umngcipheko wesifo seswekile esingaphambi kwexesha) Ngaphezulu kwe-126 mg/dL (iswekile) |
Wenza ntoni emva kokufumana iziphumo?
Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwegazi zisengozini, ungoyiki. Oko akuthethi ukuba unesifo ngoko nangoko. Sisilumkiso malunga nomngcipheko .
Ugqirha uza kuxoxa nawe ngezi ziphumo aze akuchazele into omawuyenze emva koko. Ungenza oku kulandelayo:
- Utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo: Inika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokulawula ukutya kwakho kunye nokuzilolonga.
- Ukunika amayeza: Ukucela ukuba uqalise amayeza okunciphisa i-cholesterol, ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, okanye ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile.
- Uvavanyo olongezelelweyo: Ungathunyelwa kwezinye iimvavanyo ezifana ne-ECG, i-Echo, kunye ne-Exercise ECG ukuze ujonge nzulu ngakumbi ekusebenzeni kwentliziyo.
Khumbula, olu vavanyo lwegazi lithuba elihle lokuba uthwale uxanduva ngempilo yakho. Into ebalulekileyo kukusebenzisa ezi ziphumo ukwenza utshintsho olufunekayo ukuze ube nobomi obusempilweni.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwegazi lubaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni kwangethuba umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.
- Ukwanda kwe-cholesterol embi (LDL) kunye nokuncipha kwe-cholesterol elungileyo (HDL) zezona mpawu ziphambili zesilumkiso.
- Uvavanyo lwe-HbA1c kunye ne-Fasting Blood Sugar lubalulekile ukuze kuchongwe isifo seswekile kunye nezinto ezibangela ukuba umntu abe nesifo seswekile ngaphambi kokuba afumane isifo seswekile.
- Nokuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwegazi zithini na, musa ukwenza izigqibo wedwa. Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike icebiso.
- Nokuba iziphumo zovavanyo zisemngciphekweni, umngcipheko unokulawulwa kakhulu ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuphila, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza.
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