Ubomi obuhamba emizimbeni yethu: Oko kufuneka ukwazi ngegazi

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba lo manzi abomvu ahlala ephuma emizimbeni yethu, abizwa ngokuba ligazi, wenza umsebenzi omangalisayo ngokwenene? ​​Njengelori ethwala impahla esixekweni, igazi lithwala izinto esizidingayo kuwo onke amalungu omzimba wethu kwaye lisusa izinto esingazifuniyo. Libalulekile ebomini bethu. Namhlanje, masithethe ngolu manzi lunika ubomi.

Yintoni igazi? Kutheni libaluleke kangaka kuthi?

Ngamafutshane, igazi lulwelo olubalulekileyo oluthwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo eziya kwizicubu zomzimba wethu, kwaye lususa inkunkuma kwezo zicubu. Ngamanye amazwi, igazi lihlala lihambahamba kuyo yonke imizimba yethu, linceda ukugcina imizimba yethu isempilweni.

Nazi ezinye zezona misebenzi ziphambili zegazi:

• Ioksijini engena emiphungeni yethu xa siphefumla kunye nezondlo esizifumana ekutyeni esikutyayo zithwalwa ziye kwiseli nganye encinci emzimbeni wethu.
• Inceda ekuthwaleni inkunkuma, efana nekhabhoni diokside, eveliswa kwiiseli ibuyele emiphungeni nasezintsoni ize iyisuse emzimbeni.
• Zisikhusela kwizifo ngokulwa neentsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni.
• Xa senzakele , igazi liyaqhekeka ukuze kumiswe ukopha.
• Ilawula kwaye ilinganisela ubushushu bomzimba kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Kukho iinxalenye ezine eziphambili zegazi. Ezi nxalenye zine zisebenza kunye ukwenza yonke le misebenzi.

Igazi lifunyanwa phi? Lenziwa njani?

Igazi lihambahamba kuyo yonke inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wethu. Cinga ngentliziyo yethu njengempompo yamanzi. Le mpompo ithumela igazi emzimbeni wonke ngemithambo yegazi.

• Imithambo yegazi: Le yimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi elicocekileyo neligcwele ioksijini ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya emzimbeni wonke.
• Imithambo: Le yimibhobho ethwala igazi elisetyenzisiweyo, elingenaoksijini isuka kwizicubu zomzimba liyise entliziyweni.
• IiCapillaries: Ezi ziityhubhu ezintle kakhulu ezidibanisa imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo yegazi. Izondlo kunye neoksijini zitshintshiselana phakathi kweeseli ngezi capillaries.

Ngoku masibone apho igazi liveliswa khona. Eyona mveliso iphambili apho igazi liveliswa khona ingaphakathi kwamathambo ethu . Lo mthombo siwubiza ngokuba yi -bone marrow . Ngaphakathi kwale bone marrow kukho uhlobo oluthile lweseli, olubizwa ngokuba zii-stem cells. Zonke iiseli ezisegazini lethu, ezifana neeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets, ziveliswa kwezi seli ezibomvu zegazi. Emva kokuba zivuthiwe, zijoyina imithambo yegazi.

Masibone ngoku ukuba liqulethe ntoni igazi.

Indoda endala ineelitha ezi-5 zegazi emzimbeni wayo. Ibhinqa lineelitha ezi-4. Igazi lenza malunga ne-8% yobunzima bomzimba wethu. Ukuba sijonga ukwakheka kweli gazi:

• Iplasma: Oku kwenza i-55% yegazi kuphela.
• Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu: Ezi zenza malunga ne-44% yegazi.
• Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe kunye neeplatelets: Ezi zimbini xa zidibene zenza inani elincinci, malunga ne-1%.

Iplasma

Olu lulwelo olumthubi. Lungaphezulu kwama-90% amanzi. Ukongeza, iiproteni kunye neetyuwa ziyanyibilika kulo. Umsebenzi ophambili weplasma kukuthwala ezinye iiseli zegazi kunye nezinto eziyimfuneko emzimbeni wonke.

Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu

Umbala obomvu ubangelwa yiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yihemoglobin . Ihemoglobin yiyo ethwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke. Ixesha lokuphila kweseli ebomvu yegazi limalunga neentsuku ezili-120. Njengoko iiseli ezindala zisifa, iiseli ezintsha ziveliswa kumongo wethambo.

Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe

La ngamajoni enkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba . Afana namapolisa emizimbeni yethu. Xa kufika iintshaba ezifana neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo kunye neeseli zomhlaza, la maseli amhlophe egazi ayalwa aze asikhusele. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi.

Iiplatelets

Ezi ziingceba zeeseli ezimile njengeengceba zepleyiti. Xa usika isandla sakho, ukopha kuyayeka emva kwexesha elithile ngenxa yezi platelets. Ngabo abafika ngokukhawuleza bavale inxeba baze babeke 'iplasta' kulo ukuze bayeke ukopha.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela igazi?

Njengayo yonke enye into, igazi lethu linokuba nezifo ezahlukeneyo. Ezi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini.

Umhlaza Wegazi

Umhlaza wegazi uvela xa iiseli zegazi ezingaqhelekanga ziqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yotshintsho kwizakhi zofuzo ezivelisa iiseli zegazi.

• I-Leukemia
• I-Lymphoma
• I-Myeloma

Ezinye Iingxaki Zegazi

Ezi ziimeko ezingezizo zomhlaza apho iiseli zegazi zingakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo ngokufanelekileyo.

• I-anemia: Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo yegazi. Ngamafutshane, i-anemia iyenzeka xa umzimba ungenazo iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezaneleyo. Usenokuba ukhe weva nge -anemia ebangelwa kukunqongophala kwe-iron . Lelo lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo.
• Iingxaki zokuQonda kwegazi: Ezi ziingxaki zeeplatelets, okanye iiproteni ezinceda ukugoba kwegazi.
• Iingxaki Zokopha: Le yimeko apho igazi lingajiyiyo ngokuqhelekileyo. Oku kunokubangela ukopha kakhulu nokuba kubangelwa kukwenzakala okuncinci. I-Hemophilia ngumzekelo owaziwayo wale meko.

Uyazi njani ukuba kukho ingxaki egazini lakho?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kukho ingxaki egazini lakho kukwenza uvavanyo lwegazi . Nangona kunjalo, umzimba wakho ukwakunika nemiqondiso ethile.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zengxaki yegazi zezi:

• Ukudinwa nokudinwa kakhulu: Oku kungaba luphawu oluphambili lwe-anemia.
• Ukugula rhoqo: Xa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ziphantsi, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela iba buthathaka kwaye umngcipheko wokugula uyanda.
• Ukudumba okungachazwanga okanye ukopha kakhulu ngenxa yokwenzakala okuncinci: Oku kungaba luphawu lokuba inani leeplatelet liphantsi.

Enye into yi -spleen ekhulisiweyo . I-spleen sisitho esihluza kwaye sicoce igazi lethu. Xa kukho ingxaki kwiiseli zegazi, kufuneka isebenze nzima kwaye ingadumba.

Igazi lethu liyimithombo exabisekileyo kakhulu. Lifana namafutha anika ubomi emizimbeni yethu. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela impilo yegazi.