Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zingaphi izinto ezimangalisayo ezenzekayo emizimbeni yethu? Njengenethiwekhi yeendlela kwisixeko esikhulu, imizimba yethu igcwele imithambo yegazi (okanye imithambo yegazi, ukuba sithetha ngokuchanekileyo, imithambo yegazi). Le yileyo ithwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo esizidingayo ukuze siphile kuyo yonke indawo yomzimba wethu. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemithambo yegazi ebaluleke kakhulu kule nkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, esebenza njengomgaqo omkhulu. Loo yiBrachiocephalic Artery . Nangona eli gama lisenokuvakala lingaqhelekanga, umsebenzi eliwenzayo mkhulu kakhulu.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iBrachiocephalic Artery?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba intliziyo yakho yeyona mpompo yamanzi iphambili emzimbeni wakho. Le mpompo ithumela igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke ngetyhubhu eqinileyo neyomeleleyo. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-aorta . Le mthambo iphuma entliziyweni ize igobe njengesiphatho selulwane ize iye ezantsi. Isebe lokuqala nelikhulu eliphuma kuloo mthambo, oko kukuthi, i-aortic arch , libizwa ngokuba yi-brachiocephalic artery.
Ngamafutshane, lo ngumthambo wegazi omkhulu okwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesifuba sethu, osuka kwi-aorta. Umsebenzi wawo ophambili kukubonelela ngegazi kwiindawo eziphezulu zasekunene zomzimba wethu, oko kukuthi ingalo yasekunene, icala lasekunene lentamo, kunye necala lasekunene lobuchopho .
Amanye amagama amabini asetyenziswa koku:
- I-Brachiocephalic Trunk: 'I-Trunk' ithetha i-trunk. Ibizwa ngolu hlobo kuba eminye imithambo emibini emikhulu iqala apha.
- Innominate Artery: Eli ligama elidala kancinci.
Ngoko ke le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wethu.
Yintoni kanye kanye le mithambo yegazi?
Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuthwala igazi elicocekileyo neligcwele ioksijini elimpontshwe yintliziyo ukuya kumalungu akwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lomzimba. Khawuthelekelele, ubhala ngesandla sakho sasekunene, uphakamise ubunzima, uze utye. Konke oku kufuna amandla avela kwimisipha ekwingalo yakho yasekunene. Ukuze ufumane loo mandla, kufuneka uhlale ufumana ioksijini. Indlela ephambili enika elo gazi lizele yioksijini engalweni yasekunene iqala ngolu hlobo lwemithambo yegazi i-brachiocephalic.
Kunjalo nangobuchopho bethu. Ingqondo ayinakuphila ngaphandle komoya-mpilo nomzuzwana nje. Ikwayiyo enika inxalenye yegazi elifunekayo ukuze icala lasekunene lobuchopho lisebenze. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa nezicubu ezikwicala lasekunene lentamo nobuso bethu nazo zinikwa igazi ngamasebe aphuma kuyo.
Ngamafutshane, ukusebenza kakuhle kwengalo yakho yasekunene, intamo, kunye necala lasekunene lobuchopho bakho kuxhomekeke kule mthambo wegazi mncinci, kodwa onamandla kakhulu.
Ingaba le tube ithwala igazi elineoksijini okanye igazi elingenaoksijini?
Ngokuqinisekileyo igazi elicocekileyo, elineoksijini. Eli gazi licocekileyo, elimpontshwa licala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yethu, liphuma kwi-aorta lize lingene kwi-brachiocephalic artery. Eli gazi emva koko liya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, linika ioksijini kunye nezondlo, lize libuyele njengegazi elingenaoksijini kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo ngemithambo yegazi.
Iphi le mithambo emzimbeni?
Ikwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesifuba sethu, ngaphezulu kancinci kwentliziyo nangaphantsi kwentamo. Ngokwezonyango, le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba yiMediastinum . Le yindawo ebaluleke kakhulu. Kuba intliziyo, i-trachea, kunye neminye imithambo yegazi emininzi emikhulu ikwindawo leyo.
Nangona eli lisebe lokuqala elivela kwi-aorta arch, alilo isebe lokuqala elivela kwi-aorta ngokwayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba imithambo yentliziyo , enika igazi kwimisipha yentliziyo, iqala kwi-aorta enyukayo. Ngoko ke imithambo yentliziyo ngokwenene ngamasebe okuqala e-aorta.
Amasebe amabini aphambili omthambo we-brachiocephalic
Lo mthambo uhamba malunga neesentimitha ezi-4-5 ukuya phezulu uze wahlule ube ngamasebe amabini aphambili kufutshane nendawo edibeneyo apho i-clavicle kunye ne-sternum zidibana khona kwicala lethu lasekunene. Sibiza olu hluko ngokuthi yi-bifurcation .
| Igama le-Artery | Iindawo eziphambili zokubonelela ngegazi |
|---|---|
| Umthambo we-Subclavian wasekunene | Inika igazi ingalo yonke yasekunene. Ukongeza, ikwanika igazi entloko, entanyeni, nakwezinye iindawo zesifuba. |
| Umthambo weCarotid oQhelekileyo wasekunene | Inika igazi engqondweni, ebusweni, nakwizicwili ezikwicala lasekunene lentamo. |
Yenziwe ngantoni le mithambo yegazi?
Njengeminye imithambo yegazi, le inodonga olwenziwe ziingqimba ezintathu eziphambili.
- I-Tunica Intima: Le yilaphu elingaphakathi neligudileyo. Oku kuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe ngokulula ngaphandle kokujiya.
- I-Tunica Media:Olu lungqimba oluphakathi lwemisipha. Lufana ne-elastic. Lunokufinyela kwaye lunwebeke xa kufuneka. Oku kunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuhamba kwegazi.
- I-Tunica Adventitia: Le yilaphu ekhuselayo engaphandle. Inika umthambo amandla kunye nokuma.
Ingaba le mithambo iyafana emzimbeni womntu wonke? (Ukwahluka kwe-Anatomic)
Hayi. Imizimba yabantu abaninzi injengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, kodwa abanye abantu banokuba nomahluko omncinci. Oku akubangeli ngxaki zinkulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba zii-Anatomic Variations .
Iinqanawa ezintathu eziphambili zihlala zivela kwi-aortic arch:
1. Umthambo weBrachiocephalic
2. Umthambo weSubclavian ekhohlo
3. Umthambo weCarotid oQhelekileyo wasekhohlo
Kodwa kwabanye abantu, le ndlela inokwahluka. Umzekelo, umthambo we-brachiocephalic kunye nomthambo we-carotid oqhelekileyo wasekhohlo zombini zinokuthi zivele kwisiqu esinye. Emva koko amasebe amabini aphambili aqala kwigophe le-aorta. La masebe adla ngokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo, olufana ne -CT scan, olwenziwa ngesinye isizathu.
Ngaba kukho imithambo emibini ye-brachiocephalic, ekunene nekhohlo?
Uninzi lwabantu lune-brachiocephalic artery enye kuphela, kwaye ikwicala lasekunene. Kodwa kunqabile kakhulu, abanye abantu banale artery kumacala omabini asekunene nasekhohlo ngenxa yokwahluka kwesakhiwo emizimbeni yabo.
Zeziphi izifo ezichaphazela le mithambo yegazi?
Nangona le mithambo inamandla, ezinye iimeko zonyango zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kuyo .
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Tracheo-innominate fistula (TIF) | Le yimeko engxamisekileyo, enokuba yingozi ebomini. Abanye abantu banengxaki yokuphefumla kwaye bafakelwa ityhubhu ngomngxuma entanyeni yabo (tracheostomy). Ukuba le tyhubhu ishiywe endaweni yayo ixesha elide, inokubangela unxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga (i-fistula) phakathi kwe-trachea kunye nomthambo we-brachiocephalic okufutshane. Oku kunokubangela ukopha okukhulu kwaye kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Oku kufuna utyando olungxamisekileyo. |
| I-atherosclerosis | Kulapho i-cholesterol namafutha aqokelelana khona eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi, nto leyo enciphisa ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi. Kufana nokugqwala okuqokelelana kumbhobho wamanzi. Oku kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi. Le meko idla ngokuchaphazela imithambo yegazi ye-carotid entanyeni, kodwa ayifane ichaphazeleke nemithambo yegazi ye-brachiocephalic. Oku kunokunciphisa inani legazi elihamba liye engqondweni nasezingalweni. |
| I-Aneurysm | I-aneurysm yindawo ebuthathaka eludongeni lomthambo ophuma njengebhaluni. Oku kufana nendawo ebuthathaka kwitayara yemoto ephuma njengeqamza. Le yimeko engaqhelekanga ye-aneurysm kumthambo we-brachiocephalic. Kodwa ukuba iyaphuma, kukho umngcipheko wokuba iqhume. |
Singayigcina njani le mithambo ixabisekileyo isempilweni?
Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukugcina yonke imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho iphilile, kungekuphela nje kwimithambo yegazi ye-brachiocephalic. Ezi zibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yentliziyo yakho iyonke.
- Musa ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba ngokupheleleyo. Ukutshaya yeyona nto imbi kakhulu onokuyenza kwimithambo yakho yegazi.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo. Nciphisa ukutya okuneoyile eninzi, ityuwa, kunye neswekile kangangoko unako. Yitya iziqhamo, imifuno, iinkozo ezipheleleyo, kunye nokutya okunefayibha eninzi.
- Zilolonge rhoqo. Zilolonge rhoqo, njengokuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile, ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki.
- Gcina ubunzima bomzimba busempilweni. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba buyintoni ubunzima obusempilweni bobude bakho.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
- Lawula uxinzelelo. Izinto ezifana nokucamngca, i-yoga, kunye nokwenza izinto ozithandayo zinokunceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo.
- Sebenzisa amayeza akho njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele. Ukuba uneemeko ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, okanye i-cholesterol ephezulu, kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza akho ngexesha.
- Lala ngokwaneleyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntu omdala alale iiyure ezisi-7-9 ngosuku ukuze intliziyo yakhe ihlale isempilweni.
- Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo. Bona ugqirha wakho ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze uhlolwe ngokupheleleyo.
Ukufunda ngesakhiwo somzimba wethu (i-anatomy) kunokuba nzima kancinci. Kodwa kukwayinto emangalisayo kakhulu. Usenokuba ufunda ngezi zinto ngenxa yemeko yempilo, okanye ngenxa nje yokufumana ulwazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo, ungaze woyike ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umthambo wegazi we-brachiocephalic ngumthambo wegazi omkhulu osuka kwi-aorta yentliziyo.
- Oku kubonelela ngegazi elineoksijini ikakhulu kwingalo yasekunene yomzimba, entanyeni yasekunene, nakwicala lasekunene lobuchopho.
- Yahlulwe yangamasebe amabini aphambili: iRight Subclavian kunye neRight Common Carotid.
- Iimeko ezinje nge-cholesterol deposits (atherosclerosis) kunye nokuba buthathaka nokudumba kweendonga zemithambo yegazi (aneurysm) zinokuchaphazela le mithambo yegazi.
- Ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, nokuphepha ukutshaya), ungagcina le mithambo yegazi kunye nayo yonke inkqubo yakho yentliziyo isempilweni.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nendlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo, ungathandabuzi ukuxoxa ngayo nogqirha wakho.
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