I-MRI scan yentloko? (Brain MRI) Musa ukoyika, masifumanise yonke into ngale nto!

Ngaba ubuya kugqirha okwethutyana ngenxa yentloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi esingapheliyo, okanye ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo ngequbuliso? Ngeli xesha, ugqirha unokukucela ukuba wenze i-'MRI scan of the head' ukuze ufumane ukuba kukho into engalunganga na ngaphakathi entlokweni yakho. Usenokuziva usoyika kwaye unexhala xa usiva eli gama. Kuqhelekile ukuba kuvele imibuzo emininzi engqondweni, efana nokuthi "Injani? Ngaba iya kuba buhlungu? Ngaba kufuneka ndingene ngaphakathi kumatshini omkhulu?" Kodwa, akukho sizathu sokoyika. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale MRI scan ngendlela elula kakhulu, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le Brain MRI? Ngamafutshane nje...

I-Brain MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) luvavanyo olukhethekileyo olungathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha zangaphakathi kwentloko yethu, ingakumbi ubuchopho. Awuyi kuva ntlungu ngeli xesha. Khawuthelekelele, kufana nokuthatha umfanekiso onemilinganiselo emithathu (3D) wangaphakathi kwentloko yakho ngekhamera enamandla kakhulu.

Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa imagnethi enkulu, amaza erediyo, kunye nekhompyutha. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuwe apha kukuba alusebenzisi naluphi na uhlobo lwemitha, njengee-X-ray okanye ii-CT scans. Ke ngoko, luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo kakhulu. Ngobuchwepheshe bangoku, i-MRI scan lolona vavanyo lucacileyo nolunobukrelekrele bokubona iingxaki ngaphakathi kwengqondo.

Kuthetha ukuthini ngamanye amaxesha ukwenza i-MRI ene-'contrast'?

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba "wenze i-MRI ene-contrast." Musa ukoyika xa usiva oku. Oku kuthetha ukuba inani elincinci leyeza liza kufakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho ngaphambi kokuba kuskenwe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba 'yi-contrast material'. Amaxesha amaninzi, iyeza eliqulethe into ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(gadolinium)` lisetyenziselwa oku.

Kutheni ke ngoku eli yeza linikwa? Ngamafutshane, xa eli yeza lingena emzimbeni, izicubu ezithile, imithambo yegazi, okanye amathumba zibonakala ngokucacileyo kwimifanekiso yeskeni. Njengokuba ukufaka umbala kwifoto emnyama namhlophe kwenza izinto ezithile zibonakale ngcono.

Ezinye zeendlela eziphambili zokusebenzisa le ndlela yokwahlulahlula zezi:

• Jonga ukuba azikho na iithumba.
• Jonga ukudumba okanye ukudumba naphi na emzimbeni.
• Jonga indlela igazi elidluliselwa ngayo kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
• Jonga ukuba akukho ngxaki na ngemithambo yegazi.

Olu mahluko lukwanceda ekuxilongeni iimeko ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis, i-stroke, i-dementia, kunye nosulelo.

I-cannula encinci (umgca we-IV) ifakwa engalweni yakho ukuze unike eli yeza. La ngamayeza akhuselekileyo kakhulu. Nangona abanye abantu benokuba nemiphumo emibi emincinci, ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergy kunqabile kakhulu.

Yintoni kanye kanye enokuhlolwa nge-MRI yobuchopho?

I-MRI yobuchopho inokubonelela ngomfanekiso ocacileyo wezinto ezininzi ezingaphakathi kwengqondo. Oko kuquka:

• Ingqondo yakho
• Imithambo yegazi eqhagamshelwe engqondweni
• Ukhakhayi lwakho namathambo obuso
• Iindawo ezibuthathaka zendlebe yangaphakathi
• Iindawo ezifana namehlo kunye nemithambo-luvo edibene namehlo (imithambo-luvo ye-optic)
• Eminye imithambo-luvo emikhulu entloko (imithambo-luvo yentloko)
• Izicubu ezithambileyo ezifana namafutha kunye nezihlunu ezijikeleze ukhakhayi

Ukongeza ekujongeni ukuba ezi zinto ziqhelekile na, inokubona nokuba kukho na ukungaqheleki engqondweni okanye kwizicubu ezingqongileyo. Masichaze oku ngakumbi kwitheyibhile engezantsi.

Ngaziphi izizathu ugqirha acebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-MRI?

Zininzi izizathu zokuba ugqirha wezifo zengqondo okanye omnye ugqirha angayalela ukuba kwenziwe i-MRI scan. Eyona sizathu siphambili kukufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela iimpawu zakho. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba imeko esele ifunyenwe iye yalawuleka okanye yaba mandundu na.

Nazi ezinye zeemeko zonyango ezinokuchongwa okanye zijongwe nge-MRI:

• Ihlwili legazi engqondweni
• I-aneurysm yobuchopho
• Ukopha kwegazi ebuchosheni
• Usulelo lobuchopho (umz., i-Encephalitis)
• Ukonakala kwengqondo okubangelwa sisifo sokuwa
• Iithumba zobuchopho kunye nee-cysts
• Izifo ze-neurological ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis (MS)
• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• I-Hydrocephalus (amanzi engqondweni)
• Iingxaki ze-pituitary gland
• Istroke
• Iingxaki zophuhliso okanye ukwakheka kwengqondo
• Ukulimala kobuchopho okubangela usizi (TBI)

Kwakhona, ukuba uyaqhubeka nokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-MRI:

• I-Migraines okanye iintloko ezingapheliyo
• Ukuxhuzula
• Isiyezi esiqhelekileyo (iVertigo)
• Ukulahlekelwa kukuva ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo
• Ukuphazamiseka kokubona okungenakuchazwa ngovavanyo lwamehlo
• Ukungalingani kwamahomoni
• Utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela yokucinga nokuziphatha
• Ubuthathaka obukhulu kunye nokudinwa ngequbuliso

Ukongeza, ii-MRI scans zisetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili utyando lwentloko kunye nokujonga ukuchacha emva kotyando.

Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kokuba ndihlolwe nge-MRI?

Le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngoku makhe sijonge amalungiselelo ekufuneka uwalungiselele xa usiya kwi-MRI scan.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ungatya, usele, kwaye uthathe amayeza akho ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba uskeniwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ugqirha wakho okanye isibhedlele sakho sikunika eminye imiyalelo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uyilandele.

Ngoko ke, kufuneka wazise abasebenzi ngezi zinto zilandelayo ngaphambi kokuba uye kwiskeni.

Ukwengeza,

• Ukuba ukhulelwe ,
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuhlala ungashukumi, iingalo zakho zithe ngqo imizuzu engama-30-60,
• Ukuba uyoyika iindawo ezincinci ezivalekileyo (i-claustrophobia),

Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha kunye nengcali ngezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba uhlolwe. Ungakhathazeki, kukho izisombululo. Umzekelo, umntu one-claustrophobia unokunikwa amayeza amancinci okumnceda aphumle.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha leskeni?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sijonge inyathelo ngenyathelo okwenzekayo xa usiya kwiskeni.

1. Okokuqala, uza kucelwa ukuba unxibe impahla ekhethekileyo oyinikwe sisibhedlele.

2. Emva koko uza kulala ebhedini eqhagamshelwe kwiskena.

3. Njengoko ulele phantsi, ingcali iza kubeka isixhobo esikhethekileyo (intloko yentsimbi) ejikeleze intloko yakho, esifana nesigcina-ntloko. Ungakhathazeki, asizukuba ngqongqo entlokweni yakho. Ezinye zezi zixhobo zinesipili ukuze ukwazi ukubona ukukhanya okuvela kumatshini. Oku kuya kunceda ukunciphisa ukuziva ubambekile.

4. Ingcali iza kukutyhalela kumatshini we-MRI, ikuse ebhedini okuyo. Amaxesha amaninzi, xa usenza i-MRI yentloko, umzimba wakho wonke awungeni kumatshini.

5. Xa uqala ukuskena, uza kuva izandi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokucofa nokucofa kumatshini. Musa ukothuka yile sandi, yindlela esebenza ngayo umatshini. Baza kukunika ii-earplugs okanye ii-headphones ukukhusela iindlebe zakho. Ngamanye amaxesha ungamamela nomculo ngezo headphones.

6. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala ungashukumi kwaye ungashukumi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kulo lonke ixesha lokuskena. Njengokuba ukuhambahamba ngelixa uthatha ifoto kunokubangela ukuba umfanekiso ungacaci, ukuhambahamba kunokubangela ukuba imifanekiso ye-MRI ingacaci.

7. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ubushushu obuncinci entlokweni yakho ngexesha lokuskena. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awukhululekanga koku, nceda uxelele abasebenzi.

8. Uhlala uphantsi kweliso legosa lezobuchwepheshe. Lingakubona lize lithethe nawe. Kwakhona, uneqhosha elithi "call button" esandleni sakho onokulicofa xa kukho ingxaki. Ukuba uziva ngathi kukho into engalunganga, licofe.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani oku kuskena? Ziza kufumaneka nini iziphumo?

I-MRI yobuchopho eqhelekileyo ithatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 . Ingathatha ixesha elide ukuba kusetyenziswa i-contrast. Ugqirha wakho uza kuchaza ixesha elichanekileyo oza kulicwangciselwa i-scan yakho.

Emva kokuba iskeni igqityiwe, ingcali ye-radiologist ihlalutya imifanekiso ize yenze ingxelo. Ingxelo ithunyelwa kugqirha wakho onyangayo. Le ngxelo idla ngokufika kungekapheli usuku okanye ezimbini. Ugqirha uya kukuchazela ingxelo ngokulula.