Ukutsha yinto enokwenzeka kuthi ngalo lonke ixesha ebomini bethu bemihla ngemihla. Cinga ngentlungu ozivayo xa uchukumisa imbiza eshushu ngelixa upheka ekhitshini, okanye xa uchitha amanzi ashushu esandleni sakho ngelixa upheka iti ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantwana abancinci bengazi bachukumisa iayini. Ukutsha kunokuvela kwiziganeko ezincinci ezifana nezi ukuya kwiingozi ezinkulu. Kodwa abantu abaninzi bayoyika xa betsha baze benze izinto abangafanele bazenze. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngezi ntlungu, uncedo lokuqala olufanele lunikwe bona, kunye nexesha ofanele ubonane nogqirha ngalo.
Kalula nje, yintoni le nto itshileyo?
Ukutsha kukonakala kwesikhumba kunye nezicubu ezingaphantsi okubangelwa bubushushu obugqithisileyo, ukubanda kakhulu, iikhemikhali ezithile, umbane, ukukhanya kwelanga, okanye ukudibana ngamandla nolusu. Ubunzima bokutsha bumiselwa zizinto ezimbini eziphambili. Enye bubunzulu bokutsha , obukukuba zingaphi iileya zesikhumba ezitshatyalalisiweyo. Enye bubungakanani bokutsha , obukukuba umzimba utsha kangakanani.
Ukutsha zizinto ezixhaphakileyo kwihlabathi liphela. Uninzi lwexesha, kwenzeka ngenxa yokungakhathali. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zokutsha ngokusekelwe kwindlela ezenzeka ngayo?
Nangona sisithi kukutsha, zininzi iindlela ezinokwenzeka ngazo. Ukwazi olu hlobo lokwahlulahlula kunceda nangonyango.
| Uhlobo lokutsha | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukutsha kobushushu | Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo esilwaziyo sonke. Lwenzeka xa into eshushu kakhulu, njengomlilo, amanzi ashushu, ioyile eshushu, iimbiza ezishushu, okanye umphunga, idibana nolusu. Ingabangelwa nakukubanda kakhulu (njengomkhenkce owomileyo). |
| Ukutsha kombane | Ukutsha okubangelwa kukutsha kombane. Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nezixhobo zombane eziphukileyo okanye iingcingo zombane. Oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu kunokuba kubonakala ngaphandle kuba umbane unokonakalisa izicwili zangaphakathi njengoko udlula emzimbeni. |
| Ukutsha kwengxabano | Kwenzeka xa ulusu lukhuhlana kwindawo erhabaxa, efana nendlela yetha okanye ikhaphethi, ngokukhawuleza. Oku sikubiza ngokuba "kukukrwela." Ubushushu obuveliswa kukudibana nalo mzimba buyawutshisa ulusu. |
| Ukutsha kwemitha | Umzekelo oqhelekileyo kukutshiswa lilanga. Oku kungenzeka nakwixesha lonyango lwemitha yomhlaza. |
| Ukutsha kweekhemikhali | Ukudibana kwesikhumba nee-asidi okanye iziseko ezinamandla kunokubangela le ngozi. Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nezinye izinto zokucoca indlu eziqinileyo kunye ne-asidi yebhetri. |
Zithini iinqanaba zobunzulu bokutsha?
Eyona ndlela iphambili yokulinganisa ubukhali bokutsha kukulinganisa ubunzulu bokutsha okungene eluswini. Ngaphambili, besizibiza ezi ngezinga lokuqala, elesibini, kunye nelesithathu. La magama asasetyenziswa nanamhlanje. Ngoku makhe sijonge indlela ezibizwa ngayo ezi nkqubo intsha.
| Inqanaba lokutsha (ubunzulu) | Indawo yesikhumba echaphazelekayo | Inkcazo encinci |
|---|---|---|
| Ukutsha okungaphezulu (Njengesidanga sokuqala) | Kuphela umaleko ophezulu wesikhumba (i-epidermis) owonakeleyo. | Ulusu luba bomvu, ludumbe kancinci, lube buhlungu. Oku kwenzeka xa utshiswa lilanga. Ihlala iphola ngaphandle kokulimala kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Inganyangwa ekhaya. |
| Ukutsha okuncinci kancinci (Njengesidanga sesibini) | Zombini umaleko ongaphezulu wesikhumba (i-epidermis) kunye nomaleko ongaphantsi kwayo (i-dermis) zonakele. | Ulusu luba bomvu kwaye kuvela amadyungudyungu . Kukho iintlungu ezininzi. Ezi zingathatha iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ukuphola. Kusenokushiyeka nesilonda esincinci. Kububulumko ukufuna uncedo lwezonyango xa kukho ukutsha okunje. |
| Ukutsha okubanzi (Njengesidanga sesithathu) | Zonke iileya zolusu ziyatshatyalaliswa, kwanezicubu ezinamafutha ezingaphantsi zonakele. | Ulusu lubonakala lumhlophe, lungwevu, okanye lumnyama emva kokutsha. Lusenokuvakala ngathi lulwelo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, oku kutsha akubuhlungu . Oku kungenxa yokuba iziphelo zemithambo-luvo eluswini ziyatshatyalaliswa. Le yimeko embi kakhulu kwaye ifuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza . |
Khumbula, iintlungu ezincinci ezibangelwa kukutsha akuthethi ukuba azibalulekanga kangako. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukutsha okunzulu akubangeli ntlungu kwaphela.
Zithini iimpawu zokutsha?
Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobunzulu bokutsha. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Ukudumba kunye nentlungu: Kuvakala iintlungu ezigqithisileyo, ingakumbi xa kutsha kancinci okanye kancinci kancinci.
- Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu: Ulusu lunokuba bomvu, ngwevu okanye mhlophe, okanye lube mnyama.
- Ukudumba: Ukudumba kwindawo etshileyo kuyinto eqhelekileyo.
- Ukudumba: Ukwakheka kwamadumba azaliswe ngamanzi luphawu oluphambili lokutsha okuncinci.
- Ukuxobuka kwesikhumba: Umaleko ophezulu wesikhumba unokuxobuka kwindawo etshileyo.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yokutsha?
Nangona ukutsha okuncinci kusenokungabi yingxaki enkulu, ukutsha okunzulu nokukhulu kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo
- Usulelo: Ukutsha kukuqhekeka komqobo wokukhusela ulusu, ovumela iintsholongwane ukuba zingene lula zize zibangele usulelo.
- Amanxeba: Ukutsha okunzulu kunokwenzeka ukuba kushiye amanxeba eluswini emva kokuba epholile.
- Ukudumba (Ukudumba): Ulwelo lunokuqokelelwa kwindawo yokutsha kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba, nto leyo ebangela ukudumba.
Iingxaki ezinokuba yingozi
Ukutsha okukhulu nokunzulu kunokuba yingozi ebomini.
- Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nomothuko: Njengoko ulwelo oluninzi luphuma eluswini olutshileyo, umzimba unokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni uze ube nomothuko.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Ukuba iindawo ezinje ngobuso nentamo zitshile okanye ukuba umsi uphefumile, iindlela zomoya zinokudumba kwaye zenze kube nzima ukuphefumla.
- I-Hypothermia: Xa ulusu lonakele, ubushushu bomzimba abunakulawulwa, kwaye ubushushu bomzimba bunokwehla ngendlela eyingozi.
- I-Sepsis: Imeko esongela ubomi ebangelwa lusulelo olungalawulekiyo olusasazeka emzimbeni wonke.
- Ukonakala kwamalungu angaphakathi: Ukutsha kungonakalisa amalungu anjengezintso, ezihluza izinto eziyingozi eziqokelelana egazini.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Izinto omele uzenze nezo ungamele uzenze xa utshile!
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo kweli nqaku. Ngokungaphakuzeli kwangoko emva kokutsha, nangokwenza into elungileyo, ungawunciphisa kakhulu umonakalo onokubakho.
| Izinto ekufuneka zenziwe xa kukho ukutsha | |
|---|---|
| 1. Susa unobangela wokutsha. | Ukuba kukho umlilo, shiya loo ndawo ngoko nangoko. Ukuba uchithe amanzi ashushu empahleni yakho, yisuse ngononophelo. Ukuba utshaywe ngumbane, cima iswitshi ephambili. |
| 2. Faka amanzi kwindawo etshileyo. | Malunga nemizuzu eli-10-20Bamba isitshiso phantsi kwamanzi abandayo aphuma empompini. Ungaze usebenzise umkhenkce okanye amanzi abandayo kakhulu. Oku kuya kunciphisa iintlungu kwaye kuthintele isitshiso ukuba singangeni nzulu eluswini. |
| 3. Gcina indawo etshileyo icocekile. | Emva kokufaka amanzi, gquma ngelaphu elicocekileyo okanye ibhandishi enganamatheliyo. |
| 4. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha. | Ukuba ukutsha kukhulu kunobukhulu besandla sakho, kunamadyungudyungu, okanye kubonakala kunzulu, ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha. |
| Musa ukwenza ezi mpazamo! (Musa ukuzenza) | |
|---|---|
| 1. Musa ukuphosa izinto ekhaya! | Musa ukufaka nantoni na kwindawo yokutsha, njenge -toothpaste, ibhotolo, ioyile yekhokhonathi, i-coffee grounds, i-ice, ityuwa, i-egg yolk, okanye isepha . Ezi zinto zinokubangela usulelo kwaye zenze ukutsha kube mandundu. |
| 2. Musa ukubeka umkhenkce! | Umkhenkce unokuxinanisa imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi eluswini, nto leyo eyonakalisa ngakumbi izicubu ezitshileyo. Ngoko ke sebenzisa amanzi abandayo kuphela. |
| 3. Musa ukuphula amadyungudyungu! | Amaqhuqhuva ayindlela yendalo yokuzikhusela kulusu olungaphantsi. Ukuba aphukile, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba iintsholongwane zingene zibangele usulelo. |
| 4. Musa ukubeka uboya bekotoni kwindawo etshileyo. | Imicu yoboya bekotoni inokunamathela enxebeni, ngoko sebenzisa ilaphu elicocekileyo okanye into efana negauze. |
Ufanele uye nini esibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko?
Ayizizo zonke izitshiso ezinokunyangwa ekhaya. Kwiimeko ezilandelayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kwaye ngoko nangoko kufuneka uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
- Ukutsha Okukhulu: Ukutsha okuncinci (okunamaqhubu) okukhulu kunobukhulu besandla sakho.
- Ukutsha okunzulu: Ukutsha okubanzi (okungenabuhlungu, okumhlophe/omnyama) nokuba kungakanani na.
- Iindawo ezibuthathaka: Ukutsha okuquka ubuso, amehlo, iindlebe, izandla, iinyawo, iindawo zesini, okanye ilungu elikhulu (ingqiniba, idolo).
- Ukutsha ngombane okanye ngeekhemikhali: Oku ngokuqinisekileyo kufuna ukuvavanywa ngugqirha kuba kungonakalisa ngakumbi ngaphakathi kunokuba kubonakala ngaphandle.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Ukuba ukhe waphefumla umsi okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla ngenxa yokutsha entanyeni okanye ebusweni.
- Iimpawu zosulelo: Ukuba ukutsha kuphuma ubovu, kunevumba elibi, ulusu olujikelezileyo lubomvu kwaye ludumbile, okanye lunomkhuhlane.
- Abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abadala: kuba ulusu lwabo lubuthathaka ngakumbi kwaye umngcipheko weengxaki uphezulu.
Singenza ntoni ukuthintela ukutsha?
Bathi, “Ukuthintela kungcono kunonyango.” Ama-90% okutsha angathintelwa.
- Lumka ekhitshini: Xa upheka, gcina iimbiza neepani zijikelezwe ngaphakathi, zingaphumi e-oven. Qinisekisa ukuba abantwana abakho kufutshane xa ususa izinto ezishushu e-oven.
- Lumka ngamanzi ashushu: Gcina ubushushu besifudumezi samanzi bungaphantsi kwama-49 Celsius (120 Fahrenheit). Qiniseka ukuba ujonga ubushushu bamanzi ngaphambi kokuba uhlambe abantwana abancinci.
- Lumka ngezixhobo zombane: Khulula izixhobo ezifana nee-ayini kunye nezilungisi zeenwele xa zingasetyenziswa kwaye uzigcine kude nabantwana. Musa ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezineentambo eziphukileyo.
- Fundisa abantwana: Fundisa abantwana ngeengozi zokudlala ngomlilo, imatshisi kunye nezikhanyisi.
- Zikhusele elangeni: Ukuba uza kuba selangeni, sebenzisa isithambisi selanga esine-SPF 50 ubuncinane.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Into yokuqala omawuyenze emva kokutsha kukuyifaka emanzini abandayo ahambayo imizuzu eli-10-20.
- Ungaze ufake i-toothpaste, ibhotolo, umkhenkce, ioyile yekhokhonathi, okanye i-coffee grounds kwindawo etshileyo nangasiphi na isizathu.
- Ungaze ukhuphe amadyungudyungu azele lulwelo. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka.
- Ukuba ukutsha kukhulu kunesandla sakho, kunzulu, okanye kukwindawo ebuthathaka njengobuso, izandla, okanye iinyawo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha.
- Ukuba utshile ngenxa yombane okanye ikhemikhali, okanye ukuba ubonisa iimpawu zosulelo, yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
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