Ngaba wakha wambona ugqirha okanye umongikazi, emva kwengozi okanye xa isigulana esigula kakhulu siziswa esibhedlele, sibambe umnwe okanye uzwane esandleni okanye unyawo lomntu okwethutyana size silukhulule? Balinda ukuba umnwe utshintshe umbala kwakhona. Usenokuba ukhe wacinga, "Kwenzeka ntoni oku?" Olo vavanyo lulula lubizwa ngokuba yiCapillary Replenishment Time (CRT) . Lusenokubonakala ngathi luvavanyo olulula, kodwa luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu olunika oogqirha ulwazi oluninzi oluxabisekileyo olunokusindisa ubomi bomntu.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iCapillary Refill Time (CRT)?
Ngaphambi kokuba sikuqonde oku, masiqonde kancinci. Sinemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi emizimbeni yethu. Eyona mithambo yegazi mincinci, njengemisonto yendlu yesigcawu, ibizwa ngokuba zii-capillaries . Le yileyo ithwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo kuyo yonke iseli emzimbeni wethu, kuyo yonke inxalenye yayo encinci. Ifana neendlela ezincinci ezisecaleni ezisuka kwindlela enkulu kwaye zikhokelela kuyo yonke indlu.
Ngoku khawucinge nje ukuba ucinezela uzipho lwakho okwethutyana. Emva koko elo bala liba mhlophe, akunjalo? Uyazi ukuba kutheni? Xa ucinezela, igazi elithile liphuma okwethutyana kwezo capillaries zincinci. Wakuba nje ususe isandla sakho, ezo capillaries zizaliswa ligazi kwakhona kwaye zibuyele kumbala wazo omdala opinki kwimizuzwana embalwa.
Yiloo nto iCapillary Refill Time (CRT) iyenzela yona. Lixesha elithathayo ukuba isiqwenga sesikhumba esicinezelweyo nesichukunyisiweyo siphinde sigcwale igazi size sibuyele kumbala waso oqhelekileyo. Ngokulinganisa eli xesha, ugqirha unokuvavanya ngokukhawuleza ukuba igazi lihamba kakuhle kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba, njengezandla neenyawo, okanye ukuba ukukhupha igazi emzimbeni kulungile na.
Kutheni olu vavanyo lubaluleke kangaka? Masifunde ngemeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Shock'!
Kukho isizathu esiphambili sokuba uvavanyo lweCRT lubaluleke kangaka kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo. Oko kukuthi, lunceda ekufumaneni umothuko, imeko enokuba yingozi ebomini.
Yintoni le nto yothusayo ?
Ngamafutshane, le yimeko apho amalungu omzimba wethu (afana nengqondo, intliziyo, nezintso) angafumani igazi elaneleyo elineoksijini. Njengaxa umbane ucima endlwini, izibane, iifeni, kunye neefriji zonke ziyeka ukusebenza, xa ukunikezelwa kwegazi kumalungu ethu kuncipha ngequbuliso, azikwazi ukusebenza kakuhle. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye kunokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba akunyangwa ngokukhawuleza.
Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zokuba umntu abe nemeko yokothuka. Kwimeko engxamisekileyo, kusenokungabikho xesha lokwenza iimvavanyo zelebhu okanye iiskeni. Kulapho ke uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo olufana neCRT luza kunceda oogqirha.
| Iimeko ezinokubangela ukothuka | |
|---|---|
| Isizathu | Ingcaciso elula |
| Ukopha kakhulu (Ukopha kakhulu) | Igazi elininzi liphuma emzimbeni, ngokungathi lenzeke kwingozi enkulu. |
| Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu | Amanqanaba amanzi netyuwa aphantsi kakhulu emzimbeni ngenxa yorhudo, ukuhlanza, okanye ukubila kakhulu. |
| Ukunganyamezelani kakuhle (i-Anaphylaxis) | Ukusabela okunamandla kakhulu kokunganyamezelani okubangelwa kukutya, amayeza, okanye ukulunywa zizinambuzane. |
| Ukutsha kakhulu | Ulwelo oluninzi lususwa emzimbeni ngenxa yokutsha kwesikhumba. |
| Ubushushu bomzimba obuphezulu (iHyperthermia) | Ukunyuka okuyingozi kobushushu bomzimba ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokutshiswa lilanga kakhulu. |
| I-Hypothermia (ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi) | Ubushushu bomzimba buyehla ngengozi ngenxa yokubanda kakhulu. |
Uvavanyo lweCRT lwenziwa njani?
Le yinkqubo elula kakhulu kwaye ayinazintlungu. Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uya kulandela la manyathelo:
1. Ukuphakamisa ingalo okanye umlenze: Okokuqala, beka enye yeengalo okanye imilenze yesigulana ngaphezulu kancinci kwentliziyo.
2.Ukucinezela iminwe: Emva koko, cinezela ngokuqinileyo phezulu komnwe okanye uzipho lwezinzwane malunga nemizuzwana emi-5 ukuya kweli-10. Indawo iya kuba mthubi emva koko.
3. Ukulinganiswa kwexesha: Okulandelayo, umnwe ocinezelweyo ukhululwa ngequbuliso, kwaye ixesha elithathayo ukuba indawo ekhanyayo igcwale ligazi kwakhona kwaye ibuyele kumbala ofanayo nolusu olujikelezileyo lilinganiswa ngemizuzwana. Iwotshi idla ngokusetyenziswa koku.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba inani lemizuzwana elifunyenwe kolu vavanyo lulula libalisa ibali elikhulu malunga nemeko yenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi yesigulana.
Ngaba uhlala ujonge oku ngomnwe wakho?
Ixesha elininzi, ewe. Kodwa kukho iimeko ezikhethekileyo apho kungenakwenzeka ukukubona oku ngomnwe. Khawuthelekelele umntu eziswa esibhedlele enomzimba obandayo, amalungu akhe kwanezandla neenyawo zakhe zijika zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yokubanda kakhulu. Ekubeni ubushushu bomzimba womntu onjalo buphantsi kakhulu (iHypothermia), ukujikeleza kwegazi emalungeni kusenokuba kuye kwehla ngokwemvelo. Kwimeko enjalo, ukujonga i-CRT ngomnwe kunokunika ingcamango engalunganga.
Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oogqirha benza olu vavanyo ngokuqinisa ulusu olujikeleze i-sternum, ithambo eliphakathi kwesifuba, kuba loo nxalenye iphambili yomzimba inegazi elingcono kuneengalo.
Zithini iziphumo? Iimeko eziqhelekileyo nezingaqhelekanga
Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zibuya ngemizuzwana embalwa. Iziphumo zomntu ophilileyo oqhelekileyo zinokwahluka kancinci ngokweminyaka.
- Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa: imizuzwana emi-2 okanye ngaphantsi.
- Abantu abadala (abantwana kunye nabantu abancinci): Malunga nemizuzwana emi-2-3.
- Abantu abadala: Kungathatha imizuzwana engaphezu kwemi-3.
Kuthekani ukuba ixabiso lam le-CRT lingaphakathi koluhlu oluqhelekileyo?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba umntu ugula kakhulu, kodwa i-CRT yakhe iqhelekile, oko kuthetha ukuba imizuzwana emi-2. Ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba akanaso isifo? Hayi. Kuthetha ukuba ugqirha uyaqonda ukuba okwangoku akukho ngxaki inkulu kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi yesigulana, ngoko ke unobangela wesifo usenokuba kwenye indawo. Emva koko baqala ukukhangela ezinye izizathu.
Kuthekani ukuba ixabiso le-CRT aliqhelekanga? (Ukuba ixesha lide kakhulu)
Kulapho kufuneka unikele ingqalelo khona. Ukuba i-CRT yomntu iphezulu kunomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo (umz. imizuzwana emi-4, emi-5, nangaphezulu) , loo nto ithetha ukuba ugqirha uyayibona loo nto . Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kwiindawo zomzimba ezingaphandle komzimba kuyaphazamiseka kakhulu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kukho ukothuka okanye kwenzeke.
Ngamaxesha anje, oogqirha baya kwenza olunye uvavanyo ngokukhawuleza ukuqinisekisa unobangela nokuvavanya ubukhali bemeko.
- I-Pulse Oximetry: Isixhobo esilinganisa inqanaba le-oksijini egazini ngokuncamathisela isixhobo esifana ne-clip emnweni.
- Linganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi rhoqo kunye nesantya sokubetha kwentliziyo.
- Ukujonga izinga lokuqonda kwesigulana.
- Ukulinganisa umchamo ophumayo: Oku kubalulekile ukuze wazi ukuba igazi lihamba kakuhle na ukuya ezintsoni.
Kungokudibanisa ulwazi oluvela kuzo zonke ezi zinto apho oogqirha banokubona khona imeko yesigulana ngokupheleleyo.
Iphathwa njani?
Ukuba ixabiso le-CRT aliqhelekanga kwaye umothuko uqinisekisiwe, isigulane kufuneka sinyangwe ngoko nangoko . Olu nyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokothuka kunye nobunzima bemeko yesigulane. Ezi zezinye zeendlela zonyango ezihlala zinikwa kwiyunithi yonyango olungxamisekileyo (ETU).
- Ii-IV Fluids (iSaline): Ii-Fluids kunye neetyuwa zifakwa ngemithambo yegazi (nge-cannula) ukuzama ukubuyisela uxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Ioksijini eyongezelelweyo: Ioksijini inikwa nge-cannula yempumlo okanye ngemaski yobuso ukuze kunyuswe amanqanaba aphantsi eoksijini egazini.
- Utofelo-gazi: Ukuba kulahleke igazi elininzi, njengakwingozi, igazi linikwa ngaphandle.
- Umbhobho wokuphefumla (Intubation): Ukuba isigulana sinengxaki yokuphefumla ngokwaso, kufakwa umbhobho wokuphefumla uze uqhagamshelwe kwi- ventilator .
- Amayeza: Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu, amayeza afana nee-antibiotics anikwa ukuba lusulelo, kwaye ii-steroids zinikwa ukuba luphawu lokunganyamezelani.
Injongo yazo zonke ezi ndlela zonyango kukubuyisela igazi emizimbeni yomzimba ngokukhawuleza, ukuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi, nokusindisa ubomi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ixesha lokuzalisa kwakhona iCapillary (CRT) luvavanyo olulula lwezonyango olunokwenziwa kwimizuzwana embalwa, alunantlungu, kodwa lunika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo.
- Oku kujonga ikakhulu ukuba ukujikeleza kwegazi kulungile na kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba, njengakwimilenze.
- Ixabiso le-CRT elingaphezulu kunesiqhelo (elide) linokuba luphawu lwemeko eyingozi efana nomothuko . Esi sisilumkiso esibalulekileyo koogqirha.
- Olu vavanyo luluhlu nje lwephazili enkulu. Ugqirha uqwalasela nezinye izinto ezininzi (uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukubetha kwentliziyo, iimpawu) ukuze enze isigqibo esipheleleyo ngesigulana.
- Ngexesha elizayo xa ubona ugqirha esenza olu vavanyo, ngoku uyazi ukuba olo vavanyo lulula lubaluleke kangakanani.
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