Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi intliziyo yakho yaqala ukubetha ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukuba yayibetha ngaphandle kwesingqisho? Okanye ngaba uziva ngendlela engaqhelekanga njengebhabhathane elibhabha esifubeni sakho? Ngokwezonyango, esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi-'Arrhythmia' okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungacwangciswanga. Namhlanje sithetha ngendlela ekhethekileyo, kodwa ephucukileyo kakhulu yonyango esetyenziswa ngoogqirha xa oku kungenakulawulwa ngamayeza.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-ablation yentliziyo?
I-Cardiac Ablation (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-Catheter Ablation) yindlela yokunyanga izingqisho zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmias). Khawuthelekelele ukuba intliziyo yethu inenkqubo yombane, kwaye ziimpawu ezifumanayo ezenza ukuba ibethe ngokufanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iindawo ezincinci zale nkqubo yombane zinokuvelisa iimpembelelo zombane ezingaqhelekanga. Le nkqubo ikhangela iindawo zezicubu ezithumela ezo mpawu zingaqhelekanga kwaye "izicime."
Olu asilotyando lukhulu. Lwenziwa yingcali yentliziyo. Ufaka umbhobho omncinci kakhulu (i-catheter) entliziyweni yakho ngomthambo osesinqeni sakho, engalweni, okanye entanyeni. Emva koko, ubushushu (i-radiofrequency ablation), ukubanda kakhulu (i-cryoablation), okanye amaza amafutshane amandla (i-pulsed field ablation) athunyelwa ngale mbhobho, nto leyo edala amanxeba amancinci kwizicubu apho kuvela khona imiqondiso engaqhelekanga. La manxeba ayamisa imiqondiso yombane engaqhelekanga ukuba ingahambi, kwaye isingqisho sentliziyo sibuyiselwa kwisiqhelo.
Ngexesha lonyango, unganikwa i-sedative okanye ufumane i-anesthesia jikelele. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba awuziva ungonwabanga. Amanxeba abangelwa yile nkqubo awachaphazeli ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
Zeziphi iintlobo zeemeko ezinyangwa lolu nyango?
Ukususwa kwentliziyo lunyango lokubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo kakhulu (i-tachyarrhythmias). Nangona kunjalo, ayinikwa njengonyango lokuqala. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olu nyango kuphela ukuba i-arrhythmia yakho ayinakulawulwa ngamayeza. Ugqirha wakho uza kuyihlola ngononophelo intliziyo yakho kunye nempilo yonke ngaphambi kokuba agqibe ekubeni olu nyango lukulungele na.
Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi meko zilandelayo.
| Imeko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Atrial Fibrillation (i-Afib) kunye ne-Atrial Flutter | Amagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (i-atria) abetha ngokungacwangciswanga nangokukhawuleza. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi kunye nokuhlaselwa sisifo sohlangothi. |
| I-Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) | Intliziyo iqala ukubetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwizihlandlo ezingama-300 ngomzuzu). Ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka, kungonakalisa intliziyo. |
| I-Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) | Amagumbi asezantsi entliziyo (ii-ventricles) abetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Oku kungaba yimeko eyingozi kakhulu , kuba kunokukhokelela ekumisweni kwentliziyo. |
Ukongeza, olu nyango lunokucetyiswa nakwabo basengozini enkulu yeemeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana nokuma kwentliziyo ngesiquphe okanye i-Ventricular Fibrillation (V-Fib).
Ulungiselela njani ngaphambi konyango?
Ngaphambi kwale nkqubo, kuya kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:
- Yeka ukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi: Ukuba uthatha amayeza anjenge-aspirin okanye i-warfarin, ungacelwa ukuba uyeke ukuwasebenzisa kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa yenza oku kuphela njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, kwaye kuphela ukususela ngomhla akuxelela wona. Musa ukuyeka nanini na xa ufuna.
- Kuphephe ukutya okanye ukusela: Uza kucelwa ukuba uyeke ukutya okanye ukusela iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenkqubo, ngesiqhelo emva kobusuku. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ethile ngale nto.
- Umntu onokukunceda ugoduke: Lungiselela kwangaphambili ukuba umntu akugoduse emva kwenkqubo.
- Kufakwa umgca we-IV: Umgca we-IV (njengetyhubhu esetyenziselwa ukukunika i-saline) ufakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Kulapho uza kunikwa khona amayeza afunekayo kunye ne-anesthesia.
- Impahla nezinto: Nxiba impahla ekhululekileyo. Kungcono ukushiya ubucwebe nezinto ezixabisekileyo ekhaya.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lonyango?
Nantsi inkcazo yenyathelo ngenyathelo yoko kwenzekayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhupha isisu:
1. Okokuqala, indawo apho i-catheter iza kufakwa khona (ngesiqhelo i-groin) iyacocwa kwaye ulusu luphelelwe ngamandla.
2. Okulandelayo, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci (isheya) kwimithambo yegazi, nto leyo eyenza indlela yokuba i-catheter ingene ngayo.
3. Ii-catheter ezintle ezinee-electrode zidluliselwa kwi-sheath kwaye zihamba ngemithambo yegazi ziye entliziyweni. Oku kwenziwa phantsi kwesikhokelo sobugcisa obufana ne-X-ray.
4. Xa sele zisentliziyweni, ezi catheters 'zidweba' umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo kwaye zichonge apho kuvela khona imiqondiso engalunganga.
5. Nje ukuba indawo enengxaki ifumaneke, amaza obushushu, abandayo, okanye amandla athunyelwa esuka kwincam ye-catheter ukuze anyange izicubu kwaye athintele imiqondiso engalunganga ukuba ingangeni.
6. Ekugqibeleni, i-catheter kunye ne-sheath zisuswa ngononophelo.
Le nkqubo yonke idla ngokuthatha iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine, ngamanye amaxesha ixesha elide.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango?
Emva kwenkqubo, uza kusiwa kwigumbi lokuchacha. Kuya kufuneka uhlale apho iiyure ezimbalwa. Umongikazi uza kuqhubeka ejonga imeko yakho, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, unokukwazi ukuya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye, okanye unokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ubusuku bonke.
Xa ubuyela ekhaya, uza kunikwa imiyalelo ecacileyo ekufuneka uyilandele ekhaya. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika i-aspirin okanye elinye iyeza elinciphisa igazi ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi. Oku kungadinga ukuthatyathwa kangangeenyanga eziliqela okanye ngaphezulu.
Iingenelo kunye nempumelelo yonyango
Le yinkqubo engayi kungenelela kakhulu engafuni ukuhlala ixesha elide esibhedlele, kwaye inokunceda ukubuyisela isigqi sentliziyo esiqhelekileyo esingenakulawulwa ngamayeza. Kwezinye iimeko, inokuba lunyango olusindisa ubomi .
Ukuba iphumelele, ixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-arrhythmia onayo.
- Iimeko ezifana ne-SVT zinezinga eliphezulu lempumelelo eliyi- 90% - 95% .
- Kwiimeko ezifana ne-Afib kunye ne-VT, izinga lempumelelo liphakathi kwe- 60% - 80% .
Zithini iingozi kunye nezinto ekufuneka uzazi?
Iingozi zokususwa kwentliziyo ziphantsi kakhulu. Iingxaki azixhaphakanga, ingakumbi esibhedlele apho olu hlobo lonyango lwenziwa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingozi ezithile ekufuneka uzazi:
- Amahlwili egazi
- Umonakalo we-catheter kwimithambo yegazi okanye kwiivalvu zentliziyo
- Usulelo okanye ukopha
- Istroke
- Ukufuna ukufakwa kwe-pacemaker esisigxina
Ukuba ungumama okhulelweyo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba olu nyango lunokumiswa na de kube semva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.
Ngamanye amaxesha unyango olunye lokukhupha isisu lusenokungayinyangi ngokupheleleyo le meko. Ukuba iimpawu ziyabuya, olunye unyango lokukhupha isisu lunokufuneka kwixesha elizayo. Kwakhona, iziphumo zonyango zisenokungabi zezo nangoko. Ezinye iimpawu zisenokuqhubeka iiveki ezininzi ngelixa izicubu zentliziyo ziphila.
Ukuchacha kunye nexesha lokubona ugqirha
Kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo. Kuphephe ukuphakamisa ubunzima obungaphezulu kwe-5 kg okanye ukwenza umthambo onzima ubuncinane iveki emva kwenkqubo. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ungabuyela nini emsebenzini uze uqhube.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
| Iimpawu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo | |
|---|---|
| Ukopha okanye ukudumba okufana neqhuma apho kufakwe khona i-catheter | Iintlungu zesifuba |
| Ukudinwa okanye ukuquleka | Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza |
| Ukudumba (i-edema) okanye intlungu apho kufakwe khona i-catheter | Ukungaziva mnandi emlenzeni (ukuba kwenziwa ukusuka emqolo) |
| Ingxamiseko! - Yiya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko: ukugoba kwelinye icala lobuso, ubuthathaka engalweni okanye emlenzeni, ubunzima bokuthetha (ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu zestroke). | |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Cardiac Ablation lunyango olukhuselekileyo nolungangenisi ntlungu kwintliziyo engaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmias).
- Oku kudla ngokucetyiswa xa isifo singenakulawuleka ngamayeza.
- Kuya kuthathwa amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba awuva ntlungu ngexesha lonyango.
- Kuya kuthatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ngelo xesha, kufuneka uphephe ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima kunye nomsebenzi onzima.
- Qaphela iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezinokubakho emva konyango. Ukuba uneengxaki, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa usiva ngotyando lwentliziyo. Kodwa olu lunyango olungenamngcipheko kwaye luphumelele. Ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.
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