Ngaba unentloko ebuhlungu engapheliyo kangangokuba awukwazi ukuyinyamezela? Okanye ngaba ngequbuliso uziva unesizungu uze ulibale izinto? Ngamanye amaxesha sicinga ukuba ezi zinto kukudinwa nje okuqhelekileyo okanye uxinzelelo size sizityeshele. Nangona kunjalo, emva kwezi zinto, kufuneka silumke ngakumbi, kunokubakho isifo esingaqhelekanga esifihliweyo emva kwazo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esinjalo. Yi-CNS Vasculitis leyo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-CNS Vasculitis?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba umzimba wethu sisixeko esikhulu. Ke igumbi lolawulo eliphambili lesi sixeko yiNkqubo yethu yeNervous (CNS) . Oku kuquka ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo . Yonke into esiyenzayo ngabom (njengokufunda eli nqaku ngeminwe yethu) kunye nayo yonke into esiyenzayo ngabom (njengokuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo) ilawulwa kweli gumbi lolawulo.
Eli gumbi lolawulo lifuna ukunikezelwa kwegazi rhoqo ukuze lisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Eli gazi linikezelwa luthungelwano lwemithambo yegazi emihle kakhulu. I-CNS Vasculitis yimeko apho imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ebuchotsheni nakwithambo lomqolo idumba, okanye ivuvuke . Kanye njengokuba umbhobho wamanzi uvaleka ngumhlwa uze uvuvuke, uvimba ukuhamba kwamanzi, xa le mithambo yegazi idumba, uvimba ukuhamba kwegazi ebuchotsheni. Oku kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwengqondo.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-CNS Vasculitis:
Oogqirha bahlula esi sifo sibe ziinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili. Ukuqonda oko kuya kukunceda usiqonde ngcono esi sifo.
| Uhlobo lwesifo | Ithetha ntoni le nto? |
|---|---|
| I-CNS Vasculitis ephambili | Kwimeko enjalo, esi sifo sikhula ngaphandle kwempembelelo yesinye isifo, oko kukuthi, ngokwaso. Akukho sizathu sicacileyo esifunyenweyo sokuba kutheni oku kusenzeka. |
| I-CNS Vasculitis yesibini | Kwimeko enjalo, esi sifo sikhula njengesiphumo esingeso sesinye isifo emzimbeni wethu. Oko kukuthi, siqala ngenxa yesinye isifo. Rhoqo, ezinye izifo ezizikhuselayo emzimbeni okanye ezinye izifo zinokubangela oku. |
Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uzixhalabise ngazo?
Iimpawu zesi sifo zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Kwakhona, ekubeni ezi mpawu zibonakala nakwezinye izifo, akukho mfuneko yokoyika xa uzibona. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Intloko ebuhlungu nehlala ixesha elide | Oku akufani nentloko eqhelekileyo. Yintloko ebuhlungu kakhulu engapheliyo nokuba ineepilisi zokuphelisa iintlungu, kwaye ihlala iintsuku okanye iiveki. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kunye nokudideka | Izinto ozikhumbula kakuhle ngequbuliso ziyalibaleka. Awunakukhumbula ukuba ukuphi, lixesha lini, okanye imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. |
| Ubungqingili, iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga | Iindawo zomzimba, ezinje ngezandla, iinyawo, nobuso, zinokuvakala ngathi azinamsebenzi, okanye zivakala ngathi iimbovane ziyabaleka. Indlela oziva ngayo ukuba uchukumisekile inokutshintsha. |
| Ubuthathaka bomzimba | Ukuziva ngathi icala elinye okanye inxalenye yomzimba iyaphelelwa ngamandla. Ubunzima bokuhamba okanye ukuphakamisa ingalo. |
| Iingxaki zokubona | Iingxaki ezinje ngokubona okufipheleyo kunye nokubona kabini zinokubakho. |
| Ukuxhuzula | Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso, ukuxhuzula. |
| Ukudumba kobuchopho (i-Encephalopathy) | Oku kunokubangela utshintsho kwindlela oziphethe ngayo nakubuntu bakho. Usenokucaphuka ngequbuliso, uphazamiseke, okanye uphelelwe zingqondo. |
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yesi sifo
Kwi-CNS Vasculitis, sithi imithambo yegazi iyadumba kwaye iindonga ziyaqina, zithintele ukuhamba kwegazi. Ukuba le meko ayilawulwa, inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu engqondweni nasemgogodleni, kwaye kunokubakho neengxaki ezisongela ubomi.
- Istroke: Istroke senzeka xa igazi lingena kwinxalenye yengqondo linqanyulwe ngokupheleleyo.
- Ii-Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs): Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"mini-strokes." Ziziphazamiso zexeshana zokuhamba kwegazi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iimpawu zestroke zifike zize ziphele okwethutyana. Nangona kunjalo, zinokuba sisandulela sestroke esikhulu.
- Ii-Aneurysms zobuchopho: Imithambo yegazi evuvukileyo iba buthathaka, idumbe njengebhaluni, kwaye ingaqhuma ngequbuliso. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo, esongela ubomi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ubonisa iimpawu zestroke (ukugoba kwelinye icala lobuso, ukungakwazi ukuphakamisa ingalo, ubunzima bokuthetha), musa ukulibazisa umzuzwana. Mse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele esikufutshane (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
Kutheni olu hlobo lwesifo lusenzeka? (Izizathu)
I-CNS Vasculitis sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba . Ukuze siqonde oku, masithathe umzekelo omncinci. Khawucinge ukuba kukho umkhosi wokhuselo emizimbeni yethu. Loo mkhosi yinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela . Umsebenzi walo mkhosi kukulwa neentsholongwane (ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya) ezingena emzimbeni zivela ngaphandle zize zisikhusele kwizifo.
Nangona kunjalo, kwisifo sokuzikhusela komzimba, ukuzikhusela kwethu kuyaphazama kwaye kuqala ukuhlasela iiseli zethu eziphilileyo kunye nezicubu endaweni yokuhlasela abahlaseli bangaphandle. Kwi-CNS Vasculitis, le nkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba ihlasela imithambo yegazi engqondweni nasemgogodleni.
Izizathu ze-CNS Vasculitis yesibini
Sithi uhlobo lwesibini lubangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango. Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezinokwenzeka:
- Ezinye izifo ezichaphazela amasosha omzimba: Izifo ezifana ne-lupus, i-Sjögren's syndrome, i-Behçet's syndrome.
- Usulelo lwentsholongwane: Izinto ezifana ne-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), i-Varicella-zoster virus, ebangela i-chickenpox.
- Usulelo lweentsholongwane: Usulelo olufana nesifo sephepha kunye ne-syphilis.
Ugqirha uxilonga njani esi sifo?
Ukuchonga esi sifo yinkqubo enzima kancinci. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zifana nezinye izifo eziqhelekileyo, ugqirha wenza inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi- "differential diagnosis." Oko kukuthi, uvavanya aze aqinisekise ukuba asiso esi sifo, ngasinye ngasinye, ngenxa yezinye izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangela ezi mpawu (umz., i-migraine, i-epilepsy).
Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akuhlole aze akubuze umbuzo oneenkcukacha malunga neempawu zakho. Kubalulekile ukuba uchaze ukuba iimpawu zakho ziqale nini, nokuba ziyafika ziphinde ziphele na, kwaye nokuba ziya ziba mandundu na ngamaxesha athile osuku.
Emva koko, ungayalelwa ukuba wenze iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:
- I-MRI kunye ne-CT scan: Thatha imifanekiso yengqondo kunye nomqolo ukuze ubone ukuba akukho ukudumba, umonakalo, okanye iingxaki.
- I-Angiogram: Uvavanyo olubandakanya ukufaka ulwelo olukhethekileyo kwimithambo yegazi kunye nokuthatha imifanekiso ye-X-ray ukuze kubonwe ukuba imithambo yegazi injani, nokuba ivaliwe okanye idumbile.
- I-Biopsy: Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Kuthathwa isampulu encinci kakhulu yezicubu zobuchopho ize ihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho ukudumba kwimithambo yegazi.
- Ukubhoboza eLumbar / iSpinal Tap: Isampuli encinci yolwelo lomgogodla (CSF) olujikeleze intambo yomgogodla ithathwa emgogodleni ize ihlolwe ukuba kukho inani eliphezulu leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neempawu zokudumba.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi: Jonga igazi ukuze ubone iimpawu zokudumba emzimbeni (ezifana ne-ESR, iproteni esabela kwi-C).
Ungathunyelwa kwingcali yezifo zamathambo .
Iphathwa njani?
Injongo ephambili yokunyanga i-CNS vasculitis kukulawula ukudumba kwimithambo yegazi nokuthintela umonakalo engqondweni nasemgogodleni.
Amaxesha amaninzi, kusetyenziswa iintlobo ezininzi zamayeza kunyango:
1. IiCorticosteroids: Ezi ziziyobisi ezinamandla zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Zinceda ekulawuleni ngokukhawuleza umsebenzi wenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Ungaqala ngedosi ephezulu ekuqaleni.
2. Izinto ezithintela amajoni omzimba:La mayeza asebenza ngokulawula inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esebenza kakhulu aze ayithintele ekuhlaseleni umzimba ngokwawo.
Nangona amayeza amaninzi anokunikwa ekuqaleni, emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, xa iimpawu zilawulwa, ugqirha uya kuyinciphisa kancinci kancinci idosi. Injongo ephambili yonyango kukubuyisela isifo esiphelweni . Oko kukuthi, ixesha elide xa iimpawu zingekho kwaphela okanye zincinci kakhulu.
Ukuba une-type yesibini, kuya kufuneka unyange isifo esibangele oku (umz. i-lupus).
Indlela yokuphila nesi sifo?
Akukho nyango lwesi sifo okwangoku. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba masilahle ithemba. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, abantu abaninzi banokuhlala bengenazo iimpawu kangangeenyanga okanye iminyaka, bephilile.
I-CNS Vasculitis ayidli ngokuyinciphisa ixesha lokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kuvela iingxaki ezinkulu, ezifana nestroke okanye ukuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm, inokuba yingozi ebomini. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa isifo kwangethuba kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.
Kuqhelekile ukuba nabani na oyike xa efumanisa ukuba unesifo sengqondo. Kodwa khumbula, ngesayensi yezonyango yanamhlanje ephucukileyo, le meko inokulawulwa kakuhle. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho. Mxelele yonke into onayo, izinto ezikuxhalabisayo, uloyiko lwakho, kunye notshintsho lwakho kwiimpawu. Emva koko unokuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-CNS Vasculitis yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa enzulu apho imithambo yegazi ebuchotsheni nasemgogodleni idumba kwaye ivuvukala.
- Ukuba iimpawu ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, kunye nobuthathaka bomzimba ziyaqhubeka, funa ingcebiso kugqirha.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zestroke (ukugoba kobuso, ukungaziva mnandi engalweni, ubunzima bokuthetha), yingxamiseko leyo. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Esi sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba; oko kukuthi, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu isihlasela ngempazamo.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, esi sifo sinokulawulwa kwaye izigulane zinokuhlala zingenazo iimpawu (ukuxolelwa) ixesha elide .
- Ukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho nokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ngezinto ezikuxhalabisayo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula esi sifo.
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