Kunzima ukuchaza uloyiko kunye nokothuka okuzivayo xa wena okanye umntu omthandayo efunyaniswa enomhlaza. Kodwa ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwezonyango namhlanje, kukho unyango oluninzi olusebenzayo olujolise kuphela kwiiseli zomhlaza kwaye lunciphise umonakalo emzimbeni. Olunye unyango olunjalo, ngakumbi umhlaza wesibindi, yi-TACE. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokulula namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni unyango lwe-TACE?
Igama elipheleleyo le-TACE yi- Transarterial Chemoembolization . Nangona igama liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, okwenzekayo apha kulula kakhulu. Cinga ngomhlaza njengendawo apho abantu ababi bafihla khona. Bafuna ukutya namanzi (oko kukuthi igazi) ukuze baphile. Kolu nyango, ufumana umthambo wegazi ophambili ohambisa igazi kumhlaza, uze ufake amayeza okulwa nomhlaza ( i-chemo ) ngqo kumhlaza ngaloo mthambo. Emva koko, umthambo wegazi uvalwe yinxalenye encinci.
Ngamafutshane, oku kwenza izinto ezimbini ngaxeshanye:
1. Iyeza elibulala iiseli zomhlaza lithunyelwa ngqo kwithumba .
2. Xa ithumba lingasafumani igazi, lilahlekelwa yioksijini kunye nezondlo elizifunayo, kwaye ithumba liba buthathaka lize liqale ukufa, ngokungathi "libanjwe likwi-coma."
Ingaba oku kwahlukile kwi-chemotherapy eqhelekileyo?
Ewe, oku kwahlukile kakhulu kwi-chemotherapy esiqhele ukuyazi. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izinto eziphambili ezahlukileyo.
| Uphawu | Unyango lwe-TACE | I-Systemic Chemotherapy |
|---|---|---|
| Indlela yokulawula | Eli yeza linikwa ngqo kwithumba lomhlaza ngokwalo. | Eli yeza lihamba ngegazi emzimbeni wonke. |
| Umlinganiselo wamayeza | Umlinganiselo ophezulu kakhulu weyeza unikwa kuphela ithumba. | Kunikwa idosi ehambelana nomlinganiselo womzimba. |
| Imiphumela | Ngenxa yokuba iyeza alihambi emzimbeni wonke, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje ngokulahlekelwa ziinwele kunye nokuhlanza kakhulu azixhaphakanga kakhulu. | Ngenxa yokuba ichaphazela umzimba wonke, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokulahlekelwa ziinwele, ukuhlanza, kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo zixhaphakile. |
Ngubani ofanelekileyo kolu nyango lweTACE?
Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kakhulu kubantu abanomhlaza wesibindi (i-hepatocellular carcinoma) , ingakumbi abo banezimila ezinkulu kakhulu ukuba zingasuswa ngotyando.
Kwakhona, olu nyango lusetyenziselwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza ezisasazeke esibindini (esisele siqhekeziwe) sisuka kwezinye iindawo.
- Umhlaza webele
- Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu
- Ii-neuroendocrine tumors (umhlaza onxulumene nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo)
- I-Sarcoma (` iSarcoma` )
- I-melanoma yeliso
Ngaba oku kuya kuyonakalisa isibindi?
Olu loyikiso lufanelekileyo kubantu abaninzi. Kodwa okumangalisayo kukuba, kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokuhambisa igazi esibindini sethu.
1. Umthambo wesibindi: Lo mthambo unika igazi elincinci kwisibindi. Nangona kunjalo, iithumba ezinomhlaza esibindini zifumana phantse lonke igazi lazo kulo mthambo.
2. Umthambo wesango: Kulapho isibindi sifumana khona uninzi lwegazi laso.
Kunyango lwe-TACE, kuphela umthambo wesibindi ohambisa igazi kumhlaza ovalwayo. Ekubeni iindawo eziphilileyo zesibindi ziqhubeka zifumana igazi kwi-portal vein, akukho monakalo mkhulu ekusebenzeni kwesibindi.
Ngamafutshane, sivala kuphela "umbhobho wokutya" womhlaza. Iindawo ezilungileyo zesibindi ziyaqhubeka zifumana izondlo ezizidingayo.
Ngaba kukho abantu abangafanelanga ukuba banikwe unyango lwe-TACE?
Ewe, olu nyango alufanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuhlola aze agqibe ukuba lufanelekile na kuwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo alufanelekanga kubantu abanezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba imibhobho yenyongo ivaliwe
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuqunjelwa kwegazi
- Ukuba unesifo sezintso
- Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba
- Ukuba unezinye iingxaki zesibindi ezinzulu (i-hepatic encephalopathy, i-portal vein thrombosis)
- Ukuba une-aleji enzima kwiidayi ezithile ezisetyenziswa kunyango
Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba olu nyango lwe-TACE lusebenza njani.
Olu nyango lwenziwa yi- Interventional Radiologist . Oko kukuthi, ugqirha osebenzisa oomatshini abakhethekileyo abafana ne-X-ray ukujonga umzimba aze afake iityhubhu ezincinci (ii-catheters) kuwo.
Wenza ntoni ngaphambi kokuba ufumane unyango?
Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze acwangcise unyango lwakho.
- I-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan
- Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga ukusebenza kwezintso kunye nokugabha kwegazi
Kwakhona, ngaphambi konyango, unganikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo, amayeza okunciphisa isicaphucaphu, kunye namayeza okukhusela izintso zakho kwizinto ezikhutshwa xa iiseli zomhlaza zisifa.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lonyango?
Lo asingomsebenzi mkhulu. Nantsi into eyenzekayo:
1. Abantwana abancinci banikwa i-anesthesia jikelele . Oku kuthetha ukuba balele ngokupheleleyo. Abantu abadala banikwa i-sedation kuphela, nto leyo ebenza balale kancinci .
2. Ugqirha uza kwenza ukusika okuncinci kakhulu kumthambo wegazi kufutshane nesisu okanye esihlahleni sakho.
3. Kufakwa umbhobho omncinci obizwa ngokuba yi-catheter ngaloo mngxuma.
4. Emva koko, ngelixa ujonge umatshini okhethekileyo ofana ne-X-ray (`fluoroscopy`), ityhubhu idluliselwa ngononophelo kwimithambo yegazi enika igazi kwithumba lomhlaza wesibindi.
5. Emva koko, kufakwa idayi ekhethekileyo kwityhubhu. Umhlaza kunye nemithambo yegazi ejikelezileyo zibonakala ngokucacileyo.
6. Nje ukuba ifunyenwe indawo echanekileyo, ugqirha ufaka umxube wamayeza e-chemotherapy kunye namasuntswana amancinci (ii-embolic agents) avala umthambo wegazi ungene emthanjeni.
7. Xa inkqubo igqityiwe, i-catheter iyasuswa kwaye ibhandeji ifakwe kwindawo encinci. Ekubeni kungekho sithuba sikhulu, akukho mfuneko yokuthungwa.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zale ndlela yonyango?
Njengalo naluphi na unyango lwezonyango, i-TACE ineenzuzo kunye neengozi.
| Iinzuzo | Iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi |
|---|---|
| Izinga eliphezulu lempumelelo: Ukukhula komhlaza kunokumiswa okanye kulawulwe kwi-70% yezigulane. | Usulelo: Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho umngcipheko omncinci wosulelo. |
| Ikhusela ukusebenza kwesibindi: Iindawo ezisempilweni zesibindi azonakalanga kangako. | Ukonakala kwezintso: Umngcipheko uphezulu kancinci, ingakumbi kubantu abanesifo seswekile. |
| Ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza: Ungachacha kwaye ubuyele kubomi obuqhelekileyo ngokukhawuleza kunokuba unyangwa rhoqo ngomhlaza. | Ukonakala kwesibindi: Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kwenzeke umonakalo wesibindi ukuba iyeza liye kwindawo engafanelekanga. |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zimbalwa: Zimbalwa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kuba akukho mpembelelo ingako emzimbeni wonke. | I-Postembolization Syndrome: Umkhuhlane, isicaphucaphu, kunye nentlungu emva konyango. (Oku kuqhelekile). |
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango? Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?
Emva konyango, abantu abaninzi baba nomkhuhlane, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, kunye nentlungu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -postembolization syndrome . Oku kuqhelekile. Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele usuku okanye ezimbini de ezi mpawu ziphele.
Udinga ukuphumla kancinci emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya.
- Sela amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho ukuze uncede intlungu kunye nesicaphucaphu.
- Kunokubakho umkhuhlane omncinci kangangeveki.
- Usenokuziva udiniwe kwaye ungabi namdla wokutya kangangeeveki ezininzi.
Konke oku kuyaphela kancinci kancinci. Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki ezimbalwa kwaye baphile ubomi obusemgangathweni. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uqhubeke nokuvavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho iithumba ezintsha ezikhulayo na.
Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza!
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya emva konyango, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye esibhedlele apho ufumene khona unyango.
- Ukuba awukwazi ukulawula ukuhlanza kunye nokucaphuka nangona usela amayeza.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokugxila, uzive udidekile, okanye unengxaki yokuhamba.
- Ukuba unomkhuhlane ongapheliyo kwaye umzimba wakho ubanda kwaye ubila.
- Ukuba amehlo okanye ulusu lujika lube tyheli (i-jaundice) - oku kungaba luphawu lokonakala kwesibindi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-TACE yindlela yonyango esebenza kakhulu ejolise ngqo kumhlaza wesibindi kwaye ihambise amayeza kuwo, ithintela ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kuwo.
- Oku akulimazi kakhulu umzimba kwaye kuneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kune-chemotherapy eqhelekileyo.
- Unyango lwenziwa ngaphandle kokusikwa okukhulu, kusetyenziswa ityhubhu encinci efakwe emzimbeni. Ke ngoko, ixesha lokuchacha lifutshane.
- Kuqhelekile ukuba neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nokucaphuka emva konyango, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela iimpawu ezinzulu.
- Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukugqiba ukuba olu nyango lukulungele na, ngoko thetha naye ngokukhululekileyo ngalo.
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