Ubusazi na ukuba kukho inkqubo emangalisayo emzimbeni wakho esebenza rhoqo, nokuba ulele, usebenza, okanye udlala? Yinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, enika ubomi emizimbeni yethu kwaye ithwala igazi kuyo yonke imizimba yethu. Njengenkqubo yemibhobho yamanzi enika amanzi kwisixeko, ihambisa izondlo kuyo yonke iseli emzimbeni wethu kwaye isusa inkunkuma. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokulula.
Yintoni le nkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi?
Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi yinkqubo eyenziwe yintliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi . Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yinkqubo yentliziyo. Omabini la magama abhekisa kwinkqubo enye.
Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukusebenzisa igazi ukuhambisa izondlo kwiibhiliyoni zeeseli emizimbeni yethu nokususa inkunkuma kwezo seli. Ngamanye amazwi, ifana nenkqubo yokuthutha emzimbeni wethu. Intliziyo yakho isebenza njengepompo ephambili, ipompa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba ngale nethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi. Eli gazi linika izihlunu zethu, izicubu, kunye namalungu omzimba ioksijini kunye nezondlo . Ikwathwala inkunkuma, efana nekhabhoni diokside , eveliswa kwezi zitho kwaye iyithumele kumalungu anokuyisusa emzimbeni.
Zithini imisebenzi ephambili yale nkqubo?
Kukho imisebenzi emithathu ephambili eyenziwa yile nkqubo.
- Ukumpompa igazi emzimbeni wonke: Iintliziyo zethu zibetha imini nobusuku, nokuba silele, kwaye yiyo eyenza lo msebenzi.
- Ukuhambisa izinto ezibalulekileyo: Ukuhambisa ioksijini kunye nezondlo kumalungu ethu, kwimisipha, nakwizicwili.
- Ukususa izinto ezingafunekiyo: Kuqokelela kwaye kususe inkunkuma efana nekhabhoni dayokhsayidi emzimbeni.
Cinga ngayo njengohambo olungapheliyo. Igazi, eliqala entliziyweni, lihamba ngemithambo yegazi emikhulu (imithambo yegazi) ukuya kwizitho zethu zomzimba. Apho, inethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emihle kakhulu, ebizwa ngokuba yi-capillaries, ihambisa ioksijini kunye nezondlo kwiiseli kwaye iqokelele imveliso yenkunkuma evela kwezo seli. Emva koko, igazi elinezo mveliso zenkunkuma libuyela entliziyweni ngolunye uhlobo lwemithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi). Ukusuka entliziyweni, igazi lithunyelwa emiphungeni, apho liphinda lifakwe ioksijini kwaye libuyele entliziyweni, liqale uhambo olutsha. Le nkqubo yenzeka rhoqo ngomzuzwana intliziyo yakho ibetha ngawo.
Ubusazi? Intliziyo yakho ipompa ngaphezulu kweelitha eziyi-7,500 zegazi emzimbeni wakho yonke imihla. Eli nani liyanda nangakumbi xa uzilolonga.
Le nkqubo inika ingqalelo enkulu ekunikezeni igazi engqondweni nasentliziyweni yemizimba yethu. Kuba ukuba igazi liyayeka ukuhanjiswa, ungalahlekelwa zingqondo kwimizuzwana embalwa. Ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kuyayeka ngaphezu kwemizuzu emine, ingqondo inokonakala. Ngokufanayo, ukuba intliziyo ngokwayo ayifumani igazi elifunekayo, ayinakukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wokupompa ngokufanelekileyo.
Isebenza njani le nkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi?
Lonke eli xesha lenzeka ngentliziyo, imiphunga, kunye nemithambo yegazi zisebenza kunye. Makhe sibone ukuba oku kwenzeka njani inyathelo ngenyathelo.
1. Okokuqala, i-ventricle yasekunene yentliziyo yakho ipompa igazi elingenaoksijini ukuya emiphungeni yakho. Eli gazi lihamba ngemithambo ephambili yemiphunga, i-Pulmonary Artery.
2. Ngaphakathi emiphungeni, ikharbon diokside ekweli gazi iyakhutshwa ize ithathelwe indawo yioksijini evela emoyeni esiwuphefumlayo.
3. Eli gazi, ngoku lizele yioksijini, libuyela kwi-atrium yasekhohlo yentliziyo ngemithambo yemiphunga .
4. Ukusuka kwi-atrium yasekhohlo, eli gazi lizele yioksijini lithunyelwa kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo, eyona ndawo iphambili neyomeleleyo yentliziyo.
5. I-ventricle yasekhohlo iyafinyela ngamandla ize ipompe eli gazi lizele yioksijini kwimithambo ukuze lisasazwe kuwo wonke umzimba.
6. Ngale ndlela, igazi elijikeleza emzimbeni wonke linika ioksijini kunye nezondlo kwizitho zomzimba kunye nezicubu, kwaye liqokelela inkunkuma apho.
7. Eli gazi (igazi elingenaoksijini) eliqokelele inkunkuma kunye nekhabhoni-dayoksayidi libuyela entliziyweni ngemithambo yegazi.
8. Intliziyo ipompa eli gazi libuyele emiphungeni ukuze lizalise ioksijini. Xa siphefumla, le khabhoni dayokhsayidi iyakhutshwa.
Lo mjikelo yinto eyenzeka rhoqo. Inkqubo yegazi eliya emiphungeni lize lithathe ioksijini lize libuyele entliziyweni ibizwa ngokuba yi -pulmonary circulation . Ngokufanayo, inkqubo yokuthwala igazi elineoksijini lisuka entliziyweni lisiya emzimbeni wonke ibizwa ngokuba yi -systemic circulation .
Ziziphi iindawo eziphambili zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kukho iindawo ezine eziphambili kule nkqubo. Nganye kuzo inomsebenzi othile. Ukuze sikuqonde oku lula, makhe sijonge le theyibhile.
| Inxalenye | Umsebenzi kunye neNkcazelo |
|---|---|
| Intliziyo | Le yipompo ephambili yenkqubo. Eli lungu lemisipha yilo elimpompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Lilo lodwa ilungu kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi. (Imiphunga yeyomxokelelwano wokuphefumla.) |
| Imithambo yegazi | Le yimithambo ethwala igazi elineoksijini ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya emzimbeni wonke. Umthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wethu yi -aorta . Le mithambo yahlukana kancinci kancinci ibe ngamasebe amancinci, esiwabiza ngokuba zii-arterioles . |
| Imithambo yegazi | Le mithambo ithwala igazi elingenaoksijini neligcwele inkunkuma libuyele entliziyweni lisuka kuzo zonke iindawo zomzimba. Iqala incinci (ii-venule) ize ibe nkulu njengoko isondela entliziyweni. Imithambo esemilenzeni ineevalvu ezithintela igazi ukuba lingabuyeli umva. |
| IiCapillaries | Le yeyona mithambo yegazi mincinci emzimbeni wethu. Idibanisa imithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu (iiArterioles) kunye nemithambo yegazi (iiVenule) . Ngenxa yokuba iindonga zayo zincinci kakhulu, ioksijini, i-carbon dioxide, izondlo, kunye nenkunkuma zinokungena kwaye ziphume ngokulula kwiiseli. |
Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela le nkqubo?
Iingxaki ezininzi kwinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi zinxulumene nokuvaleka okanye ukusebenza okuphantsi kwemithambo yegazi. Imithambo yegazi yiyo enika ioksijini emzimbeni wonke, ngoko ke ukuba kukho ukuvaleka naphi na, olo nikezelo lweoksijini luyaphazamiseka.
Ngezantsi kukho ezinye zeemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela le nkqubo.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu : Uxinzelelo oluphezulu olufakwa eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi njengoko igazi lihamba kuyo.
- I-cholesterol ephezulu: Amanqanaba aphezulu amafutha egazini anokufaka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi aze ayivale.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo (i-Arrhythmia):Isantya sentliziyo okanye isingqisho esingaqhelekanga.
- Uhlaselo lwentliziyo: Ukonakala kwemisipha yentliziyo ngenxa yokuvaleka komthambo ohambisa igazi entliziyweni.
- Iingxaki zeevalvu zentliziyo: Iivalvu zentliziyo azisebenzi kakuhle.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo: Imisipha yentliziyo iba buthathaka kwaye ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni.
- I-Aneurysm: Ubuthathaka bodonga lomthambo wegazi, okubangela ukuba ludumbe njengebhaluni. Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu engqondweni okanye kwi-aorta.
- Istroke: Ukuvaleka okanye ukuqhuma komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi engqondweni.
- I-Atherosclerosis: Ukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yokufumba kwe-cholesterol nezinye izinto ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi.
- Izifo zemithambo yegazi: Izifo ezifana ne-deep vein thrombosis.
Siyigcina njani inkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi isempilweni?
Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi yakho ihlale isempilweni. Ezi zizinto ezilula onokuzongeza kwindlela ophila ngayo.
- Zilolonge rhoqo. Zama ukwenza umthambo ubuncinane imizuzu eli-150 ngeveki. Ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukubaleka, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile zezona ndlela zilungileyo.
- Lala kakuhle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulala ngokwaneleyo ubusuku ngabunye.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Ukuba unesifo soxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kunye namayeza ngokuchanekileyo.
- Lawula amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol. Nciphisa ukutya ukutya okuneoyile eninzi namafutha ukuze ulawule amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol.
- Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo iimveliso zecuba. Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu entliziyweni nakwimithambo yegazi.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo nentliziyo. Yitya ifayibha, imifuno, kunye neziqhamo ezingaphezulu. Nciphisa ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi agcweleyo.
- Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni. Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni obuhambelana nobude bakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Lawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho. Ukuba unesifo seswekile, silawule kakuhle.
- Nciphisa uxinzelelo. Izinto ezifana nokucamngca, i-yoga, kunye nezinto ozithandayo zinokunceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo.
Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngale nto, kwaye uxoxe ngento ekulungeleyo , bona ugqirha wakho . Uya kukwazi ukukukhokela ngcono.
Imibuzo emibini ebuzwa rhoqo
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezimbini zegazi, igazi elibomvu negazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?
Hayi. Ithontsi ngalinye legazi emizimbeni yethu libomvu.Igazi lifumana umbala walo obomvu kwiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-hemoglobin kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Kodwa igazi elineoksijini libomvu obunzulu, ngelixa igazi elingenaoksijini libomvu obukhanyayo, obumfusa. Imithambo engaphantsi kolusu lwethu ibonakala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yendlela ukukhanya okudlula ngayo kwiileya zolusu. Kodwa ngaphakathi kwezo veins kukho igazi elibomvu.
Ingaba imithambo yegazi ihlala ithwala igazi elineoksijini?
Uninzi lwexesha, ewe. Kodwa kukho into enye ekhethekileyo. Loo yiPulmonary Artery . Ithwala igazi elingenaoksijini ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya emiphungeni. Ngokufanayo, iPulmonary Vein ithwala igazi elineoksijini ukusuka emiphungeni ukuya entliziyweni. Eli lityala elikhethekileyo apho inkqubo ihamba ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezikugcina uphila kwaye usebenza ngokungapheliyo.
- Le nkqubo yiyo enika iseli nganye emzimbeni wakho ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya) kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela le nkqubo.
- Ukuba uneengxaki ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye i-cholesterol, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango olufanelekileyo kugqirha .
- Ukunyamekela intliziyo yakho kuthetha ukunyamekela umzimba wakho wonke.
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