Masiqonde kakuhle indlela igazi elihamba ngayo emzimbeni wethu? (Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi)

Molo! Unjani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenkqubo emangalisayo nebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Leyo yinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi, okanye njengoko abanye beyibiza njalo, "iNkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi". Ngamanye amaxesha usenokuba ukhe wayiva ibizwa ngokuba yi "Cardiovascular System". Zombini ezi ngamagama enkqubo enye. Ngoko ke, makhe sibone ukuba yintoni, isebenza njani, kwaye ungayigcina njani isempilweni.

Yintoni inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wakho yenziwe yintliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi . Ezi zimbini zisebenzisa igazi ukuthwala izondlo ukuya kwiseli nganye emzimbeni wethu kunye nokususa inkunkuma kwezo seli.

Cinga ngentliziyo yakho njengempompo yamanzi. Le mpompo ipompa igazi kwinethiwekhi entsonkothileyo yemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Le mithambo yegazi ibizwa ngokuba yimithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo yegazi . Eli gazi lithwala ioksijini – igesi enika ubomi esiyiphefumlayo – kunye nezondlo eziya kwimisipha yakho, kwizicubu, nakwizitho zomzimba. Kwakhona yinkqubo efanayo eqokelela imveliso yenkunkuma ize iyithwale iye kwizitho zomzimba apho inokususwa khona.

Zithini imisebenzi ephambili yale nkqubo?

Inkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi yenza imisebenzi emithathu ephambili:

1. Ukuthwala igazi emzimbeni wonke.

2. Ukuthwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo kumalungu ethu omzimba, kwimisipha, nakwizicwili.

3. I-carbon dioxide – igesi engasasebenziyo emizimbeni yethu kwaye ikhutshwa xa sikhupha umoya – kukususa inkunkuma kunye nenkunkuma yamakhemikhali emizimbeni yethu.

Imini nobusuku, nokuba ulele, intliziyo yakho ihlala ipompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke, ngokungathi ihamba ngesangqa. Ukuba silandela le ndlela yegazi, iqala entliziyweni ize ihambe ngemithambo yegazi emikhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Arteries'' ukuze isasaze igazi kwizitho zethu zomzimba.

Ngaphakathi kwizicubu zethu, kwinethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-capillaries , ioksijini egazini iyakhutshwa kwaye inkunkuma ibuyiselwa egazini. Emva kokuphuma kwezi zicubu kunye namalungu omzimba, eli gazi libuyela entliziyweni ngemithambo yegazi ebizwa ngokuba yi-veins. Eli gazi emva koko lihamba entliziyweni ukuya emiphungeni, apho liphinda lifakwe ioksijini, kwaye uhambo luqala. Oku kwenzeka amawakawaka amaxesha ngosuku, umzuzwana ngamnye intliziyo yakho ibetha ngawo.

Ungacinga nje, intliziyo yakho ipompa malunga neelitha ezingama-2,000 (ngaphezulu kweelitha ezingama-7,500) zegazi emzimbeni wakho yonke imihla! Ngamaxesha anje, xa uzilolonga, intliziyo yakho ipompa igazi elingakumbi. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi iyaziqhelanisa nobungakanani begazi kunye neoksijini efunekayo emzimbeni wethu.

Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili yenkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi kukubonelela ngegazi rhoqo engqondweni nasentliziyweni.Kuba, ukuba ingqondo ayifumani igazi elifunekayo, inokulahlekelwa zingqondo kwimizuzwana embalwa. Ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kuyema imizuzu emine, ingqondo inokonakala. Ngokufanayo, ukuba intliziyo ayifumani igazi elaneleyo, umsebenzi wayo wokumpompa uya kukhawuleza ungasebenzi.

Ngoko ke, eli gazi lingena njani emzimbeni wonke?

Inkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi, okanye ``Inkqubo yeCardiovascular``, isebenza ngoncedo lwemithambo yegazi. Eminye imithambo yegazi (``Imithambo``) ibuyisela igazi entliziyweni, ngelixa eminye imithambo yegazi (``Imithambo```) isusa igazi entliziyweni.

Imithambo yegazi yakho, kunye nentliziyo yakho kunye nemiphunga, zihlala zipompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo:

1. Igazi elingenaoksijini liyampontshwa lisuka kwi-ventricle yasekunene yentliziyo liye emiphungeni. Eli gazi lihamba ngesiqu semiphunga (umthambo omkhulu wemiphunga).

2. Ioksijini yongezwa kweli gazi ngaphakathi kwimiphunga yakho.

3. Imithambo yemiphunga ithwala eli gazi lityebileyo kwioksijini ukusuka emiphungeni ukuya kwi-atrium yasekhohlo yentliziyo.

4. Ukusuka kwi-atrium yasekhohlo, eli gazi lizele yioksijini lithunyelwa kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo. Eli candelo leemisipha zentliziyo lipompa igazi liye kuwo wonke umzimba ngemithambo yegazi.

5. Njengoko igazi lihamba emzimbeni wonke kwaye lidlula kwizitho zomzimba, likhupha izondlo, lisasaze iihomoni, kwaye liqokelela inkunkuma.

6. Emva koko, imithambo ibuyisela igazi elinomoya-mpilo ophantsi, elityebileyo kwi-carbon dioxide entliziyweni. Ukusuka entliziyweni, igazi lithunyelwa emiphungeni.

7. Ngaphakathi emiphungeni, kukhutshwa igesi yekhabhoni-dayoksayidi kwaye kongezwa ioksijini egazini ngokutshintshiselana. Emva koko, xa ukhupha umoya, loo gesi yekhabhoni-dayoksayidi iyakhutshwa.

Inkqubo yokuthatha ioksijini emiphungeni ize ibuyele entliziyweni ibizwa ngokuba yi -pulmonary circulation . Inkqubo yokubonelela ngegazi elineoksijini emzimbeni wonke ibizwa ngokuba yi-systemic circulation .

Iphi le nkqubo?

Intliziyo yakho ikumbindi wesifuba sakho. Iqhagamshelwe kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Zithini iindawo zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi?

Intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi zenza inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi. Elinye lala malungu linomsebenzi othile wokunceda ukuhambisa igazi emzimbeni wakho. Le yindlela iiseli zethu ezifumana ngayo ioksijini kunye nezondlo kunye nendlela inkunkuma esuswa ngayo.

Ziziphi iindawo ezine eziphambili zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi?

Iindawo eziphambili zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi zezi:

• Intliziyo: Eli lilungu elenziwe ngezihlunu. Lipompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Intliziyo lelona lungu lodwa kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi. Imiphunga yakho yeyomxokelelwano wokuphefumla.
• Imithambo: Le yimibhobho emincinci, enemisipha ethwala igazi elineoksijini ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya kuzo zonke iindawo zomzimba. Umthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wethu yiI-aorta. Imithambo yentliziyo isuka kwi-aorta, ize emva koko njengoko ihamba isuka entliziyweni, ivele ibe yimithambo emincinci (ii-arterioles).
• Imithambo: Le mithambo yegazi ithwala igazi elingenaoksijini ibuyele entliziyweni. Imithambo iqala incinci (ii-venule) ize ibe nkulu njengoko isondela entliziyweni. Imithambo emibini ephambili (i-vena cava ephezulu kunye ne-vena cava engaphantsi) ithwala igazi liye entliziyweni. Imithambo esemilenzeni yakho ineevalvu ezithintela igazi ukuba libuye umva.
• IiCapillaries: Le mithambo yegazi idibanisa imithambo emincinci kakhulu (ii-arterioles) kunye nemithambo (ii-venule). Iindonga ze-capillaries zincinci kakhulu, zivumela ioksijini, i-carbon dioxide, izondlo, kunye nemveliso engcolileyo ukuba idlule egazini iye kwiiseli, kwaye isuka kwiiseli iye egazini.

Injani inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi? Ingakanani?

Ungayicinga intliziyo njengesikhungo sokumpompa igazi emzimbeni. Iqhagamshelwe kwinethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi esasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba.

Ukuba wakha wayibona imibhobho yamanzi okanye imibhobho yamanzi amdaka phantsi kwendlela, uyazi ukuba mikhulu. Le mibhobho ihlukana ibe mincinci ehambisa amanzi emakhaya kwaye ithwala amanzi amdaka. Ngokufanayo, imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ukuya nokubuya entliziyweni ifana nemibhobho emikhulu phantsi kwendlela. Yiyo imibhobho yegazi emikhulu emzimbeni. Njengoko usuka entliziyweni, le mibhobho ihlukana ibe yimithambo yegazi emincinci enceda ukusasaza ioksijini emzimbeni wonke kwaye isuse inkunkuma.

Imithambo yegazi yenziwe ngamaleko ezicubu ezidityanisiweyo, izihlunu, kunye neefayibha ezithambileyo. Imisipha emithanjeni yakho yegazi ilawula ukuba ingaba nobubanzi obungakanani. Oku kuchaphazela noxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi . Xa imithambo yegazi ikhula, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi- "Vasodilation," kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla. Xa imithambo yegazi incipha, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Vasoconstriction," kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi luyanda.

Intliziyo yakho yenziwe ngezihlunu nezinye izicwili. Igazi lihamba ngamagumbi amane.

Intliziyo yakho idla ngokuba nobukhulu obufana nenqindi lakho. Kodwa ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, inokuba nkulu kakhulu. Imithambo yegazi yakho ijikeleza umzimba wonke, ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi. Ngoko ke le nethwekhi inkulu njengokuba wena ude kwaye ubanzi. Enyanisweni, kukho imithambo yegazi engaphezu kwama-60,000 eemayile emizimbeni yethu!

Intliziyo eqhelekileyo inobunzima obuphakathi kwe-8 kunye ne-12 ounces, kodwa oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisini, ubunzima bomzimba uphela, kunye nesifo.

Ziziphi izifo kunye neengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi?

Iingxaki ezininzi ezichaphazela iindawo ezithile kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi zibangelwa kukuhamba kwegazi okucothayo okanye okuvalekileyo kwimithambo yegazi. Ekubeni imithambo yethu yegazi inika ioksijini kuwo wonke umzimba, ukuba kukho nayiphi na imithambo yegazi evalekileyo, kuba nzima ukuhambisa loo oksijini.

Nazi ezinye zeengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi:

• Igazi elonyukayo
• I-cholesterol ephezulu
• I-Arrhythmia (isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga)
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwevalvu yentliziyo
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo ('Ukusilela kwentliziyo' - ubuthathaka kwimisipha yentliziyo yakho)
• I-aneurysm idla ngokuvela kwi-aorta okanye kwingqondo.
• Istroke
• I-atherosclerosis - ukwakheka kwe-plaque kwimithambo yakho yegazi
• Isifo sentliziyo
• Izifo zemithambo yegazi (umzekelo, i-deep vein thrombosis kunye ne-pulmonary embolism)

Utshintsho olulula kwindlela ophila ngayo kunye neengcebiso zokugcina inkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi isempilweni

Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi yakho ihlale isempilweni. Nazi ezimbalwa zazo:

• Yenza umthambo rhoqo. Zama ukwenza ubuncinci imizuzu eli-150 ngeveki.
• Ukulala okufunekayo ubusuku ngabunye.
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
• Ukulawula amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol.
• Ukuphepha iimveliso zecuba.
• Ukutya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo. Umzekelo, ukutya okune-fiber eninzi kunye namafutha agcweleyo aphantsi.
• Ukugcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni.
• Ukugcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini aqhelekileyo.
• Fumana iindlela ezisempilweni zokunciphisa uxinzelelo.

Ingaba ibali legazi elibomvu negazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka liyinyani? Ngaba imithambo yegazi isoloko ithwala igazi elineoksijini?

Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba igazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lihamba ngemithambo yegazi kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba wethu. Kodwa eneneni, ithontsi ngalinye legazi lethu libomvu. Igazi lifumana umbala walo obomvu kwiproteni etyebileyo yesinyithi ebizwa ngokuba yi- hemoglobin . Oku kufumaneka kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Abanye abantu bathi igazi elinomoya-mpilo "ligazi elibomvu."

Imithambo yakho ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo omncinci. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kubizwa ngokuba "ligazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kuba imithambo yakho ingabonakala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phantsi kolusu lwakho. Kodwa igazi libomvu ngokwenene. Imithambo iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yamanqanaba aphantsi eoksijini.

Imithambo yegazi ithwala igazi elineoksijini kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbini ezahlukileyo: umthambo we-pulmonary kunye nomthambo we-pulmonary. Umthambo we-pulmonary uthwala igazi elingenaoksijini ukuya emiphungeni. Umthambo we-pulmonary uthwala igazi elineoksijini ulibuyisele entliziyweni.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Inkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi yinkqubo emangalisayo eyenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo wokukugcina uphila, ikunika umbane weoksijini kunye nezondlo rhoqo. Unamandla okugcina intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi iqinile.Ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukutya ukutya okunempilo, ukusebenza ngokomzimba, kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol konke kulungile kwinkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nento onokuyenza ukukhusela nokuqinisa intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi. Hlala usempilweni!

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