Intliziyo ifana nenjini yomzimba wethu. Ngoko ke, ukuze le njini iqhubeke isebenza, ifuna igazi elihlala lifumaneka, oko kukuthi, ioksijini kunye nezondlo. Ukuze intliziyo ikwazi ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke, kukho inkqubo eyahlukileyo yemithambo emincinci ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. Le mithambo siyibiza ngokuba yimithambo yentliziyo. Elinye ilungu elibaluleke kakhulu kuloo nkqubo yi-'Circumflex Artery'. Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba ngubani lo, wenza ntoni, kwaye kwenzeka ntoni ukuba unengxaki.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Circumflex Artery?
Kulungile, cinga ngale ndlela. Sinemithambo emibini ephambili yentliziyo ethwala igazi entliziyweni yethu. Eyasekunene neyasekhohlo. Le mithambo iphambili yentliziyo yasekhohlo yahlulwe yaba ngamasebe amabini aphambili. Elinye lala masebe yi-'Circumflex Artery' (enye ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Left Anterior Descending (LAD) artery`). Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha bayibiza le mithambo ngokuthi yi-'LCx artery` ngamafutshane.
Umsebenzi oyintloko wale vein kukubonelela ngegazi elicocekileyo, elineoksijini kwiindawo zokumpompa ezikwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yethu. Oko kukuthi:
- I-atrium yasekhohlo - Apho igazi elineoksijini elivela emiphungeni liqala ukuqokelelana khona.
- I-ventricle yasekhohlo - Igumbi eliphambili nelinamandla lentliziyo elimpompa igazi liye emzimbeni wonke.
- Izihlunu ze-papillary ngaphakathi kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo.
Kwabanye abantu, le mithambo yegazi ethi 'circumflex' inenye imisebenzi ekhethekileyo. Oko kukubonelela ngegazi kwi-'sinoatrial (SA) node', elawula ukubetha kwentliziyo, isebenza 'njenge -pacemaker yendalo yentliziyo.' Kodwa kubantu abaninzi, lo msebenzi wenziwa yimithambo yegazi yentliziyo echanekileyo.
Iphi le vein? Ingaba iyakhula?
Umthambo we-circumflex ufumaneka ngaphakathi kwe-epicardium, umaleko wangaphandle okhuselayo wentliziyo. Uhamba ngecandelo elifana nomngxuma phakathi kwamagumbi aphezulu nasezantsi (i-atrium kunye ne-ventricle) kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo.
Ewe, njengamasebe omthi, lo mthambo ukwahluma ube ngamasebe amancinci. Inani lala masebe linokwahluka. Kudla ngokuba namasebe amathathu, abizwa ngokuba yi-'obtuse marginal branches'. La masebe amancinci ahamba ezantsi ngaphandle kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo.
Yintoni 'iDominance' ekuhanjisweni kwegazi entliziyweni?
Oku kungokwezonyango kancinci, kodwa kulula ukukuqonda. Kukho omnye umthambo obalulekileyo obizwa ngokuba yi-'posterior descending artery (PDA)' enika igazi ngasemva kwentliziyo yethu. Ngoko ke, 'i-coronary artery dominance' yakho imiselwa kukuba ingaba lo mthambo we-'PDA' emzimbeni wakho ufumana igazi kwi-coronary artery yasekunene okanye isebe elikwicala lasekhohlo (oko kukuthi `Circumflex` okanye `LAD`).
Le yinto eyahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye.
| Uhlobo lolawulo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Olawula ngasekunene | Uninzi lwabantu (malunga nama-85%) lunale nto. Apha, umthambo we-PDA ufumana igazi kwi-artery yentliziyo ekunene. |
| Olawula ngasekhohlo | Oku kwenzeka kumntu omnye kwabalishumi. Apha, umthambo we-PDA ufumana igazi kwi-Circumflex artery (okanye i-LAD artery). |
| I-Codominant | Malunga nabantu ababini kwabalishumi banokuba nale ndawo. Apha, i-PDA ifumana igazi elivela kwimithambo yasekunene neyasekhohlo (i-Circumflex okanye i-LAD). |
Ziziphi izifo ezichaphazela i-Circumflex Artery?
Njengeminye imithambo yentliziyo, imeko ephambili neyona iyingozi echaphazela i-'Circumflex Artery' sisifo semithambo yentliziyo (CAD) . Ngamafutshane, kukuvaleka kwemithambo yentliziyo ngamafutha kunye ne-cholesterol deposits.
Kanye njengokuba uthuli nomhlwa kwakheka kumbhobho wamanzi ngokuhamba kwexesha, izinto ezinje ngamafutha kunye ne-cholesterol ziyaqokelelana kwezi mithambo yegazi, zenze umaleko obizwa ngokuba yi-`(plaque)`. Siwubiza ngokuba yi-`(atherosclerosis).` Njengoko lo maleko we-`plaque`` ukhula kancinci kancinci, ukuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi kumthambo wegazi kuyancipha. Ekugqibeleni, ukuhamba kwegazi kuyathinteleka.
Ukuba le meko ayinyangwanga kakuhle, ingakhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu kakhulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, okanye istroke .
Uyazi njani ukuba umthambo uvalekile? Zithini iimpawu?
I-Angina yenzeka xa umthambo uncipha kwaye intliziyo ingafumani igazi elaneleyo.Usenokuba neentlungu esifubeni okanye ukuxinana, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-angina. Oku kungaba luphawu lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ngoko ke kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngezi mpawu.
Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, yingxamiseko yezonyango . Kufuneka uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Intlungu yesifuba/ukuxinana `(Angina)` | Ukuziva uxinene, uxinene, kunye nobunzima phakathi kwesifuba. |
| Intlungu ephuma engalweni yasekhohlo, egxalabeni, entanyeni, emhlathini | Intlungu iqala esifubeni ize isasazeke kwezi ndawo. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuphefumla nzima, nokuba nzima ukuphefumla ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla amaninzi. |
| Ndiziva ndibanda kwaye ndibila | Ndiziva ndibanda kwaye ndibila kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukudinwa, ukuziva ngathi uyajikeleza. | Uziva unesizungu kangangokuba awukwazi ukunyamezela. |
| Ukudinwa, ubuthathaka | Ukudinwa okugqithisileyo ngequbuliso kunye nobuthathaka bomzimba. |
Oogqirha bayijonga njani imeko yemithambo yegazi?
Oogqirha basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ezahlukeneyo ukujonga impilo yemithambo yakho yentliziyo, eyaziwa ngokuba yimithambo ye-'circumflex'.
- I-Cardiac Catheterization (i-Angiogram): Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Ityhubhu encinci ifakwa ngomthambo osengalweni okanye emlenzeni, ifakwe kwimithambo yentliziyo, ifakwe ulwelo olukhethekileyo, kwaye kuthathwa ii-X-ray ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naziphi na izithintelo kwimithambo.
- I-Coronary Computed Tomography Angiogram (CCTA): Le yi-CT scan ekhethekileyo enokuvelisa imifanekiso ye-three-dimensional (3D) yokuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni.
- I-Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS): Oku kuquka ukudlulisa isixhobo esincinci se-ultrasound ngaphakathi komthambo, okuvumela ubungakanani kunye nohlobo lomaleko we-plaque onamathele eludongeni lomthambo ukuba ubonakale ngokucacileyo.
- I-Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR): Uvavanyo olulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngaphambi nasemva kokuvaleka komthambo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukuvaleka kuchaphazela kangakanani ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
Uyinyanga njani imithambo evalekileyo?
Unyango oluphambili olusetyenziswa ukuvula kwakhona umthambo we-circumflex ovalekileyo okanye omnye umthambo we-coronary yi -angioplasty kunye ne-stenting .
Kule meko, ityhubhu encinci enebhaluni idluliselwa kumthambo ukuya kwindawo evalekileyo, njenge-angiogram. Emva koko ibhaluni iyavuthelwa ukuze ityhale i-plaque eludongeni lomthambo, yandise ukuhamba kwegazi. Emva koko, ityhubhu encinci ye-mesh ebizwa ngokuba yi-stent ifakwa kwindawo leyo ukuthintela indawo enciphileyo ukuba inganciphi kwakhona. Oku kunceda ukugcina ukuhamba kwegazi okuhle kwixesha elide.
Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndigcine intliziyo yam iphilile?
Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukugcina intliziyo yakho yonke kunye nenkqubo yemithambo yegazi iphilile, kungekuphela nje kwemithambo yakho ye-circumflex. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuzibandakanya ezi zinto kwindlela yakho yokuphila.
- Yiba nomdla womzimba: Zilolonge ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 phantse yonke imihla evekini. Ukuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukuqubha zezona ndlela zilungileyo.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Nciphisa ukutya okuneoyile eninzi, ityuwa, kunye neswekile. Faka iziqhamo, imifuno, iimbotyi, iintlanzi ezincinci, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo ekutyeni kwakho.
- Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Ukugcina ubunzima obufanele ubude bakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo: Ukutshaya yenye yezona ntshaba zinkulu zemithambo yentliziyo.
- Lawula isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Ukuba unale ngxaki, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze athathe amayeza amiselweyo aze alawulwe kakuhle.
- Nciphisa uxinzelelo: Zama ukuphumla ingqondo yakho ngezinto ezifana neyoga nokucamngca.
Ngokulandela ezi zinto, ungaphila ubomi obude unentliziyo ephilileyo. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho wosapho ukuze akunike iingcebiso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-'Circumflex Artery' yimithambo yentliziyo ebaluleke kakhulu enika igazi kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yakho.
- Ukufakwa kwamafutha kule mithambo yegazi kunokubangela ukuba ivaleke (CAD), nto leyo enokubangela izifo ezinzulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
- Ungaze uzityeshele iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukubanda, kunye nokubila. Yimeko engxamisekileyo. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya) inokukhusela imithambo yakho yegazi.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nempilo yentliziyo yakho, thetha nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
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