Ngaba ugqirha wakho wakha wakuxelela okanye wakuxelela umntu okwintsapho yakho 'ngovavanyo lweklinikhi', iprojekthi entsha yophando lwezonyango? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye unomdla xa oko kusenzeka. "Ngaba oku kuya kundinceda? Ngaba kuya kubangela ingozi?" Imibuzo emininzi isenokufika engqondweni. Xa abantu besiva eli gama, bacinga ukuba lisetyenziswa "njenge-fire pig." Kodwa akunjalo ngokwenene. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokulula nangokucacileyo malunga nokuba luyintoni uvavanyo lweklinikhi kunye nokuba lubandakanya ntoni.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni uvavanyo lweklinikhi?
Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzeka xa iqela lezazinzulu kunye noogqirha lidibana ukuze livavanye iyeza elitsha, unyango, isixhobo sezonyango, okanye indlela entsha yokuxilonga isifo kwiqela labantu ukuze babone ukuba sisebenza kwaye sikhuselekile kangakanani . Injongo ephambili kukufumana unyango oluphucukileyo, olusebenzayo, nolukhuselekileyo kunonyango olukhoyo.
Khawucinge nje, ezinye izifo ezinzulu zisenokunganyangeki ngonyango oluqhelekileyo lwangoku. Ngamaxesha anjalo, uphando olutsha olufana nolu lunokuba luncedo kakhulu kuwe.
Olu nyango lutsha alunikwa abantu ngaxeshanye.
1. Okokuqala, ezi zivavanywa ngokuqatha kakhulu kwiilabhoratri.
2. Emva koko, kwenziwa iimvavanyo kusetyenziswa izilwanyana.
3. Kuphela xa unyango luqinisekisiwe ukuba lukhuselekile kwaye lusebenza kwezi zigaba zimbini zokuqala apho uvavanyo lwabantu luza kuqala khona. Kodwa kuqala, luza kunikwa iqela elincinci kuze kulandele amaqela amakhulu.
Ngolu phando, oogqirha bafuna iimpendulo kwimibuzo efana nale:
- Ingaba olu nyango lukhuselekile? Ngaba luyasebenza?
- Oku kuya kunika iziphumo ezintle kangakanani?
- Ngaba oku kungcono kunonyango lwangoku?
- Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengozi zolu nyango?
Zithini izigaba zolu phando?
Kukho amanqanaba aphambili aliqela, okanye "amanqanaba," kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Ulwazi olufunyenwe kwisigaba esinye lusekelwe kulwazi olufunyenwe kwisigaba esilandelayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yempilo okanye ubunzima besifo sakho, unokukhethwa kwisigaba esithile . Ngokwesiqhelo, uninzi lwezigulane luthatha inxaxheba kwiSigaba sesiThathu okanye sesi-IV.
| Isigaba | Kwenzeka ntoni apha? |
|---|---|
| Isigaba soku-1 | Oogqirha bavavanya olu nyango lutsha kwiqela elincinci kakhulu labantu (abavolontiya abasempilweni okanye izigulane) ukuze baqinisekise ukhuseleko lwalo. Bakhangela idosi ekhuselekileyo, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunika eli yeza, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubangela. |
| Isigaba sesiBini | Apha, abaphandi bajonga indlela olu nyango olusebenza kakuhle ngayo kwisifo esithile . Oku kubandakanya iqela elikhulu labantu kunakwisigaba sokuqala. |
| Isigaba sesiThathu | Oku kuquka ukuthelekisa unyango olutsha nonyango oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswayo ngoku. Kukwajonga indlela olusebenza ngayo unyango kumaqela ahlukeneyo (umz. amadoda, abafazi, abantu abaselula, abantu abadala) kunye needosi ezahlukeneyo. Iqela elikhulu lezigulana lithatha inxaxheba kwesi sigaba. |
| Isigaba sesi-4 | Kule nqanaba, nokuba unyango sele luvunyiwe kwaye lukhutshwe kwimarike, ulwazi luyaqokelelwa ngalo. Injongo kukufumanisa ukuba unyango lusebenza kangakanani kwixesha elide kwaye ingaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga ezingakhange zibonwe kwizigaba zangaphambili. |
Zithini iingenelo zokujoyina uvavanyo lweklinikhi?
- Ithuba lokufumana unyango lwamva nje: Usenokuba nethuba lokufumana unyango lwamva nje noluphucukileyo ngaphambi kokuba lufumaneke kuluntu ngokubanzi.
- Uncedo lwexesha elizayo: Ulwazi oluninikayo luya kunceda kakhulu abaphandi ukuba baphuhlise unyango olungcono oluya kunceda amawaka abanye abaguli kwixesha elizayo.
- Ukuncitshiswa kweendleko: Uninzi lweendleko zovavanyo kunye notyelelo loogqirha olunxulumene nophando ludla ngokugutyungelwa yintlangano exhasa uphando. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngale nto ngokucacileyo neqela lakho lezonyango ngaphambi kokuba uthathe inxaxheba kuphando.
Ngaba olu hlobo lophando lungabangela iingxaki?
Ewe, njengakuyo nayiphi na indlela yonyango, kukho iingozi ezithile. Ubungakanani bomngcipheko buxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Eyona nto iphambili kukuba ngenxa yokuba olu nyango lusesekwinqanaba lophando, izazinzulu aziyazi ngokupheleleyo indlela oluya kuyichaphazela ngayo umzimba wakho. Ke ngoko, kunokubakho umngcipheko omkhulu weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaziwayo kunakwiindlela zonyango esele zikho.
Yintoni iMvume enolwazi?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yovavanyo lweklinikhi. Ngaphambi kokuba ufakwe kuphando, oogqirha kunye nabahlengikazi baya kukuchazela ngokupheleleyo ngonyango, kuquka iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo. Baza kukunika ithuba lokubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo.
Wakuba ukuqondile ngokupheleleyo konke oku, uza kucelwa ukuba utyikitye uxwebhu oluchaza ukuzimisela kwakho ukuthatha inxaxheba kolu phando. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Informed Consent".
Khumbula, ukubhalisa akukubopheleleli kolu phando. Unelungelo elipheleleyo lokurhoxa kulo nangaliphi na ixesha, nangasiphi na isizathu.
Kwakhona, le nkqubo yokwazisa ayipheli kanye. Ukuba ulwazi olutsha malunga nonyango lufumaneka ngexesha lophando, iqela lezonyango lizimisele ukuqhubeka likwazisa ngalo lonke olo lwazi.
Imibuzo ekufuneka uyibuze ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo
Ukuba ucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi, qiniseka ukuba ufunda okuninzi kangangoko unako ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha wakho ngokuqinisekileyo:
- Iyintoni injongo yokwenyani yolu phando lwezonyango?
- Zeziphi iimvavanyo kunye nonyango oluqukiweyo kolu phando? Ziza kunikwa njani?
- Ngaphandle kolu nyango lutsha, ingaba imeko yam iya kuba njani ngonyango oluqhelekileyo? Oku kuthelekiswa njani nonyango lwangoku?
- Olu phando luza kuyichaphazela njani ubomi bam bemihla ngemihla?
- Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga endinokuzilindela?
- Olu phando luza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani? Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndizinikele ixesha elongezelelweyo kulo?
- Ngaba kuza kufuneka ndihlale esibhedlele? Ukuba kunjalo, kuza kufuneka ndihlale kangaphi kwaye ixesha elingakanani?
- Ukuba ndigqiba ekubeni ndirhoxe kuphando, ngaba olu phando luya kuyichaphazela indlela endinyanga ngayo? Ngaba kuya kufuneka nditshintshe oogqirha?
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lweklinikhi luphononongo lwesayensi oluqhutywayo ukufumana unyango olungcono, olukhuselekileyo, nolusebenzayo ngakumbi kunolukhoyo ngoku.
- Kukho amanqanaba aliqela oku. Iinjongo zesigaba ngasinye zahlukile.
- Iingenelo ziquka ukufumana unyango lwamva nje kunye nokunceda ngekamva. Kwakhona,Kukwakho nomngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaziwayo .
- Imvume enolwazi ingaphezulu nje kokutyikitya. Yinkqubo esekelwe kwingcaciso epheleleyo.
- Ungarhoxa kuphando nangaliphi na ixesha, ngaphandle kwemiphumo.
- Ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo, zive ukhululekile ukuxoxa ngazo zonke iingxaki zakho nogqirha wakho.
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