Isandi siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi bethu, sidla ngokuthathwa njengento elula. Ilizwi lomntu esimthandayo, umculo owuthandayo, ukuhleka komntwana—ezi zinto zizisa uvuyo olukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko sikhula okanye sijamelene neemeko ezithile zempilo, sinokulahlekelwa kancinci zezi zandi zixabisekileyo. Kwabanye, isixhobo sokuncedisa ukuva sibonelela ngesisombululo esifanelekileyo. Kodwa kwabanye, kwanezona zixhobo zokuncedisa ukuva zibalaseleyo zisenokungacaci ngokwaneleyo intetho. Kulapho iingcali zonyango zijika khona kubuchwepheshe be-'Cochlear Implant'. Apha eNirogi Lanka, masihlolisise oku, ngokulula nangokucacileyo.
Yintoni kanye kanye iCochlear Implant?
Abaninzi bacinga ukuba lolunye uhlobo nje lwesixhobo sokuncedisa ukuva, kodwa oko akulunganga. Zisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.
- Isixhobo Sokuncedisa Ukuva: Cinga ngale nto njengemakrofoni. Ibamba izandi ezikufutshane, yandise isandi sazo, ize izikhokelele kumjelo wendlebe yakho. Isixhobo sokuncedisa ukuva sisebenza kuphela ukuba iindawo zangaphakathi zendlebe yakho ezibamba isandi zisasebenza kakuhle.
- I-Cochlear Implant: Le yindlela ephucukileyo ngakumbi. Ngamafutshane, idlula ngokupheleleyo iindawo ezonakeleyo zendlebe yakho, ithumela imiqondiso yesandi ngqo kwimithambo-luvo edibene nengqondo yakho. Kufana nokwakha indlela entsha yokudlula indlela evalekileyo okanye eyonakeleyo.
Esi sixhobo sidla ngokucetyiswa kwabo banengxaki yokuva kakhulu okanye enzulu, apho izixhobo zokuva zinganiki luncedo kangako. Nangona isenokungabuyiseli ukuva kwakho kwi-100% yoko yayikuko ngaphambili, inokuphucula kakhulu amandla akho okuqonda intetho kunye nokuqaphela izandi ezikufutshane.
Esi sixhobo sincinci senza njani umsebenzi omkhulu kangaka?
Ukuze siqonde umsebenzi waso, kufuneka siqale sijonge indlela esiva ngayo ngokuqhelekileyo. Xa isandi sifika endlebeni yakho, siya kwisakhiwo esimile okwenkobe esibizwa ngokuba yi- 'Cochlea .' Ngaphakathi, kukho amawaka eeseli ezinovakalelo, ezifana neenwele. Ezi ziguqula ukungcangcazela kwesandi zibe ziimpawu zombane ezitolikwa yingqondo yakho. Ukulahlekelwa kukuva kudla ngokuvela xa ezi seli zinovakalelo zonakele.
I-cochlear implant ithatha indawo yezi seli zonakeleyo. Iqulathe iinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili:
1. Icandelo langaphandle: Liquka imakrofoni, iprosesa yesandi, kunye nesixhobo sokudlulisa.
2. Icandelo Langaphakathi: Lifakwe ngotyando, liquka isamkeli kunye nee-electrodes.
Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo, inyathelo ngenyathelo:
- Inyathelo 1: Imakrofoni efakwa ngasemva kwendlebe yakho ibamba izandi ezikungqongileyo.
- Inyathelo lesi-2: Ezi zandi ziya kwiprosesa yakho yesandi , apho ziguqulwa zibe ziisignali zedijithali.
- Inyathelo lesi-3: Ezi signali zedijithali zithunyelwa ngemagnethi kwitransmitter efakwe eluswini lwakho.
- Inyathelo lesi-4: Umthumeli uthumela ezi mpawu kummkeli ofakwe phantsi kwesikhumba.
- Inyathelo lesi-5: Umamkeli uthumela ezi mpawu kwii -electrodes ezibekwe ngaphakathi kwi-cochlea.
- Inyathelo lesi-6: Ezi electrodes zivuselela ngokuthe ngqo i- auditory nerve .
- Inyathelo lesi-7: Okokugqibela, umthambo wokuva uthwala ezi mpawu uziyise engqondweni. Ingqondo yakho emva koko itolika ezi mpawu njengentetho, umculo, okanye ezinye izandi.
Ngamazwi alula, idala indlela emfutshane yokuva ngokwendalo.
Inkqubo kwaye kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?
Le yinkqubo enamacandelo amabini: utyando kunye nokusebenza okulandelayo.
Utyando
Oku kwenziwa rhoqo yi-otolaryngologist (ingcali ye-ENT).
- Uza kufakwa phantsi kwe -anesthesia eqhelekileyo , ukuze ungaziva ntlungu.
- Ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci emva kwendlebe yakho aze enze umngxuma omncinci kwithambo lentloko.
- Iindawo zangaphakathi zesixhobo (isamkeli kunye nee-electrodes) zifakwa ngononophelo ngale ndawo ivulekileyo.
- I-incision ivalwa kusetyenziswa izititshi ezinyibilikayo.
Olu asilotyando olungenanjongo; ludla ngokwenziwa njengotyando lwangaphandle, olukuvumela ukuba ubuyele ekhaya ngaloo mini inye.
Ukuvuselelwa
Malunga neeveki ezimbini emva kotyando, xa indawo ipholile ngokupheleleyo, uza kubuya ukuze isixhobo sivulwe yi-Audiologist.
- Inxalenye yangaphandle inamathele entlokweni yakho kusetyenziswa imagnethi.
- Isixhobo siyasebenza kwaye sihlengahlengiswa (sibekwe kwimephu) ngokwezandi ozivayo.
- Izandi zokuqala zingavakala zingaqhelekanga, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, ingqondo yakho iya kuziqhelanisa nale ndlela intsha yokucubungula isandi.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi?
Njengakwezinye iinkqubo zonyango, kukho iingenelo kunye neengozi ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo, iingenelo zihlala zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi.
| Iinzuzo | Iingozi ezinokubakho |
|---|---|
| Ungancokola ngefowuni kwaye unxibelelane lula nakwiindawo ezinengxolo. | Iingozi eziqhelekileyo zotyando, ezifana nokusabela kwi-anesthesia okanye usulelo emva kotyando. |
| Abasebenzisi abaninzi bafumana ukuncipha okukhulu okanye ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kwe-tinnitus (ukukhala ezindlebeni). | Umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokwenzakala kwimithambo-luvo ejikeleze indawo yotyando. |
| Kubantwana abazelwe benengxaki yokuva, ukungenelela kwangethuba kubavumela ukuba bafunde intetho kwinqanaba lokukhula elifanayo nelontanga yabo (kungenziwa kubantwana abaneminyaka eli-9 ubudala). | Umngcipheko we-meningitis. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ugonywe ngaphambi kotyando ukuze kuncitshiswe lo mngcipheko. |
| Ukhuseleko lomntu luphucukile, njengoko unokuva iimpawu zokusingqongileyo ezifana neemoto, ii-horse, kunye nabantu abakubizayo. | Ukulahleka okunokwenzeka kwayo nayiphi na intsalela yokuva yendalo eseleyo kwindlebe efakelweyo (nangona iindlela zanamhlanje zihlala zikugcina oku). |
| Ikhono lokonwabela nokubona umculo lihlala libuyiselwa. | Iimeko ezingaqhelekanga zeengxaki zokulinganisela okanye isiyezi. |
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuziqhelanisa?
Lo ngumbuzo omhle kakhulu. Akufuneki ulindele ukuba ukuva kwakho kubuyele esiqhelweni xa isixhobo sivuliwe. Ingqondo yakho ifuna ixesha lokufunda kwakhona indlela yokutolika ezi mpawu zintsha zombane.
Ekuqaleni, ingakumbi kubantu abadala, izandi zinokubonakala ngathi zezoomatshini okanye zerobhothi. Musa ukudimazeka; ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye noqeqesho lokuva rhoqo, izandi ziya kuba zezendalo ngakumbi.
Ngokwesiqhelo, uya kubona uphuculo olukhulu kwinyanga emva kokusebenza. Ukufikelela kwisiphumo sakho sokuva esingcono kakhulu kunokuthatha iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 . Ngeli xesha, kubalulekile ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwiiseshoni zokuvuselela ukuva kunye nengcali ye-audiologist okanye ingcali ye-speech-language pathologist. Ukuzinikela kwakho kule nkqubo ngundoqo empumelelweni yakho.
Ungenza njani ukuba olu tshintsho lube lula?
Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kwi-cochlear implant yakho, ukubamba inxaxheba okusebenzayo kubalulekile:
- Nxiba isixhobo rhoqo: Gcina iprosesa yangaphandle ivuliwe nanini na xa uvukile. Oku kunceda ingqondo yakho iqhelane nemiqondiso emitsha ngokukhawuleza.
- Yiya kuzo zonke iiseshoni zoqeqesho: Landela ngenkuthalo ulwalathiso olunikezelwa liqela lakho lotyando kunye neengcali zonyango.
- Yazi imida yakho: Susa isixhobo sangaphandle xa udada okanye uhlamba. Ukongeza, kuphephe imidlalo echukumisayo, kuba ukubetheka ngqo entloko kunokonakalisa inxalenye yangaphakathi.
- Yamkela isakhono sakho esitsha: Oku akuyonto ithintela ubomi bakho, kodwa yibhulorho yokuphinda uqhagamshelane nehlabathi obukade uliphoswa. Sebenzisa la mathuba okunxibelelana nokuhlalisana nabantu.
Ufanele uqhagamshelane nini nogqirha wakho?
Uza kuba notyelelo olulandelayo olucwangcisiweyo, kodwa kufuneka uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:
- Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela ova ngayo.
- Intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki okungapheliyo endlebeni.
- Iimpawu zosulelo kwindawo yotyando, ezinje ngokuba bomvu, ukudumba, umkhuhlane, okanye ukukhupha ulwelo.
- Ukubethwa okanye ukwenzakala entloko kakhulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-cochlear implant ayisiyonto yokuncedisa ukuva; sisixhobo se-elektroniki esidlula kwiindawo ezonakeleyo zendlebe ukuze sithumele imiqondiso yesandi ngqo kwi-nerve yokuva.
- Ngokwesiqhelo icetyiswa kubantu abanengxaki yokuva kakhulu okanye abanengxaki yokuva abangafumani ncedo lwaneleyo kwiindlela zokuva eziqhelekileyo.
- Le nkqubo ifuna utyando kunye nokuzibophelela ixesha elide. I-implant yangaphakathi isisigxina, ngelixa iprosesa yangaphandle inokufuna ukuphuculwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10.
- Ukuva akuzenzekeli xa kusebenze. Ingqondo yakho ifuna ixesha, ukuziqhelanisa, kunye nokuvuselelwa kobuchwephesha ukuze ifunde indlela yokutolika iimpawu.
- Iingenelo zale teknoloji zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi ezincinci. Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninengxaki yokuva, thetha nengcali yakho yaseNirogi Lanka namhlanje ukuze ubone ukuba ungumgqatswa.
Ukufakelwa kweCochlear, ukulahleka kokuva, uncedo lokuva, imithambo-luvo yokuva, ingcali ye-audiologist, i-ENT, utyando lwendlebe
