Khawuthelekelele uwela ngequbuliso elelini okanye ufumene ingozi yemoto. Ngaloo mzuzu, ujonga phezulu uneentlungu ezinkulu uze ubone iqhekeza lethambo eliphukileyo liphuma eluswini lwengalo okanye umlenze wakho. Enyanisweni, nabani na obona into efana nale uyoyika kakhulu. Bayaxhalaba. Kwizonyango, le meko siyibiza ngokuba yiCompound Fracture okanye i- Open Fracture . Le yimeko enzulu kakhulu kwaye kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le Compound Fracture?
Eyona nto iphambili ebangela ukuba ithambo liphuke, okanye njengoko silibiza njalo, ukwaphuka, ngamandla agqithisileyo asetyenziswa kulo. Oku kungenzeka ngenxa yengozi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kusenokubangelwa luxinzelelo oluqhubekayo olusetyenziswa kwindawo enye. Umzekelo, xa isoldati lihamba rhoqo lithwele umqolo onzima emqolo, uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo emlenzeni lunokubangela ukuqhekeka okuncinci ethanjeni.
Ngoku makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni i-"Compound" okanye "Open" Fracture. Ngamafutshane, kulapho ithambo eliphukileyo libonakala khona ngesikhumba sakho. Ukuba uwela kwileli uze waphuke ingalo yakho, kwaye ithambo eliphukileyo libonakala ngesikhumba, yiCompound Fracture. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ithambo laphukile kodwa ulusu aluphelelanga, oko kuthetha ukuba ithambo eliphukileyo alibonakali, silubiza ngokuba yi-"Simple" okanye "Closed" Fracture.
Ukwaphuka okudibeneyo yimeko enzima ebangela iintlungu ezigqithisileyo kwaye kuyoyikisa ukuyijonga. Ngoko ke, umntu kufuneka aye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) ngokukhawuleza kwisibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokuthandabuza.
Ngawaphi amathambo emzimbeni achaphazeleka kakhulu yile ngozi?
Naliphi na ithambo emzimbeni wethu linokwaphuka. Nangona kunjalo, ukwaphuka okudibeneyo kuxhaphake kakhulu ezingalweni zethu, emilenzeni, ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Ukongeza, kukho namanye amathambo anokuchaphazeleka, nangona ngesantya esiphantsi.
- Iimbambo
- Ithambo lekhola
- Amathambo amehlo
- I-pelvis
- Amathambo entloko
- Amathambo obuso
- Umqolo okanye i-vertebrae
Zithini izizathu eziphambili zokuqhekeka kwethambo elidibeneyo?
Ukuze kubekho ukwaphuka okukhulu okunje, kufuneka kubekho ukubetheka okukhulu okanye impembelelo (iNgxaki Enkulu) emzimbeni. Umzekelo:
- Ingozi enkulu yemoto
- Ukuwa ukusuka kubude obukhulu
- Ingozi eyenzeka kumdlalo odibeneyo ofana nebhola ekhatywayo okanye iragbi
Zithini iimpawu zoku?
Uphawu oluphambili nolucacileyo kukuphuka kwethambo eliphuma eluswini. Ukongeza, kukho nezinye iimpawu ezininzi ezinokubonakala. Masizijonge ngokucacileyo kwitheyibhile.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ithambo eliveziweyo | Olu lolona phawu lucacileyo. Ithambo eliphukileyo libonakala ngesikhumba. |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu, ebukhali | Kukho intlungu enzima, enganyamezelekiyo. |
| Uvakalelo xa uchukumisa | Indawo ejikeleze inxeba ibuhlungu xa uyichukumisa. |
| Ukudumba kunye nokukrweleka | Indawo ejikeleze inxeba isenokudumba ize ibe nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomfusa. |
| Ukopha | Inxeba liyopha ngenxa yokuba ulusu lugqobhokile. |
| Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo | Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yomonakalo wemithambo-luvo, iintlungu zisenokuba ngaphantsi okanye ngaphezulu kunokuba bekulindelwe. Okanye ungaziva ungenazimvakalelo. |
Ugqirha uyixilonga aze ayinyange njani le nto?
Akunzima kangako kugqirha ukufumanisa ukwaphuka okudibeneyo. Kuba ithambo eliphukileyo libonakala ngesikhumba. Kodwa oogqirha abalifumani nje kuphela baze balinde. Ngokuqinisekileyo baya kwenza i-X-ray ukuze babone ukuba ithambo liqhekeke njani, ukuba umonakalo wenzeke kangakanani, kunye nendlela ekufuneka ilungiswe ngayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iimvavanyo ezifana ne-MRI okanye i-CT scan zinokufuneka ukuze kufundwe umonakalo ngokunzulu.
Ukongeza, oogqirha bajonga nezinye iingxaki:
- Jonga umbala wesikhumba sakho kunye nobushushu baso (funda ngokunikezelwa kwegazi).
- Bajonga uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ukuze babone ukuba kukho ukopha okugqithisileyo na.
- Uvavanyo lweemvakalelo luvavanywa kwiindawo ezikufutshane nangaphantsi kwenxeba ukuze kubonwe ukuba akukho monakalo kwimithambo-luvo.
Iindlela zonyango
Xa uziswa kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU), into yokuqala eyenziwayo kukulawula iintlungu. Oku kwenziwa ngokukunika iintlungu zomlomo, okanye iintlungu zomthambo ukuze ufumane uncedo olukhawulezileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kufakwa inaliti kwimithambo-luvo ejikeleze inxeba ukuze kuthintele indawo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -Nerve Block .
Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenxeba, inaliti ye-tetanus kunye nee-antibiotics nazo ziyanikwa ukuthintela usulelo.
Emva koko, ithambo liyalungiswa kwaye kuthathwe amanyathelo afunekayo ukuze linyangwe. Oku kufuna utyando. Ngexesha lotyando, ugqirha uza kunika iintlungu kunye ne-anesthetics, aze abuyisele amaqhekeza ethambo aphukileyo kwiindawo zawo ezifanelekileyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukunciphisa ukwaphuka .
Ukuze amathambo agcinwe kwindawo efanelekileyo, kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lotyando:
- Iiphini
- Iintonga
- Iipleyiti
- Izikrufu
Emva kokuba amathambo elungisiwe ngolu hlobo, kusetyenziswa isamente okanye esinye isixhobo ukuthintela intshukumo yenxalenye.
Ithambo elaphukileyo liphola njani?
Imizimba yethu inamandla amangalisayo okwakha izicubu ezintsha zamathambo. Xa ithambo liqhekeka, izicubu ezintsha zamathambo ziqala ukukhula zijikeleze ithambo elaphukileyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-External Callus . Ekuqaleni, ithambile, njengejeli, kodwa emva kweeveki neenyanga, iqina kancinci kancinci, ibeke i-calcium, ize ibe yithambo eliqhelekileyo.
Le nkqubo yokuphiliswa yenzeka ngamanqanaba amathathu aphambili:
1. Inqanaba lokudumba
Kwakamsinya nje ukuba ithambo liphuke, umzimba uqala inkqubo yokuphiliswa. Iiseli zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ziyakhawuleza ziye kwindawo eyenzekileyo kwaye zonyuse ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kuloo ndawo. Yiyo loo nto indawo ejikeleze ingozi idumba kwaye ibe bomvu.
2. Inqanaba lokulungisa
Eli nqanaba lingathatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngeli xesha, ithambo lakho elaphukileyo liyayeka ukusebenza ngesamente. Ngeli xesha, umzimba wenza into esiyibiza ngokuba yi-External Callus.Iyenziwa. Ngenxa yokuba le ithambile kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyikhusela.
3. Inqanaba lokuhlaziya
Oku kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi. Ngeli xesha, izicubu zethambo ezisandul’ ukwakheka (callus) ziyaqina, i-calcium ihlale, kwaye iba namandla. Kancinci kancinci, ithambo libuyela kwimo yalo eqhelekileyo namandla alo.
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?
Ukuphuka okudibeneyo kukwenzakala okuntsonkothileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ngamanye amaxesha iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka. Oogqirha bahlala beyazi oku kwi-ETU, ngexesha lotyando, nangexesha lokuchacha.
| Ingxaki | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo | |
| Ukonakala kolusu | Ulusu lonakele xa ithambo liphuma. Inxeba liyaphola njengoko ithambo liphola. |
| Ukonakala kwamalungu | Ukuba ukwaphuka kwenzeka kufutshane nelungu, intshukumo yelungu ingachaphazeleka. Ilungu lisenokungashukumi. Oku kungabuyiselwa ngonyango lomzimba. |
| Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo | Ithambo elaphukileyo linokutyumza, lisike, okanye litsale imithambo-luvo. Le mithambo-luvo idla ngokuphilisa, kodwa ingathatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka. |
| Iingxaki zokuphilisa | Ngamanye amaxesha amathambo asenokungabuyi ndawonye (ukungadibani), aphole kancinci (ukudibanisa okulibazisekileyo), okanye aphole ngendlela engafanelekanga (ukudibanisa). |
| Ukukhula kwabantwana okungalinganiyo | Amathambo abantwana aneepleyiti zokukhula eziphelweni. Ukuba ezi zonakele, elo thambo linokuba lifutshane kunelinye icala. |
| Iingxaki ezinzulu ngakumbi (kodwa ezingaqhelekanga) | |
| Usulelo | Inxeba livulekile, livumela iintsholongwane ukuba zingene. Umkhuhlane kunye nevumba elibi ngelixa iplasta isekhona ziimpawu zosulelo. Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ukubethelwa kweMiphunga | Ihlwili legazi linokuvela emthanjeni kufutshane nendawo eqhekekileyo lize liye emthanjeni osemphungeni lize lihlale. Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana ubunzima bokuphefumla, oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini kwaye kufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. |
| Ukufa kwamathambo (i-Osteonecrosis) | Ukuba igazi eliya ethanjeni liyanqanyulwa, ithambo lingafa. |
| Isifo seCandelo | Ukudumba okugqithisileyo kwemisipha ejikeleze inxeba kunokucinezela imithambo yegazi kwaye kuthintele ukuhamba kwegazi. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. Ukuba ufumana ukudumba okugqithisileyo, iintlungu eziqatha, okanye ukungabi nanto, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. |
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Ukwaphuka okudibeneyo kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi okanye ngaphezulu ukuze kuphole ngokupheleleyo. Kubalulekile ukuba nomonde ngeli xesha. Ixesha lokuphiliswa lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:
- Ubunzima bokwenzakala.
- Ubudala bakho (abantwana bayachacha ngokukhawuleza kunabantu abadala).
- Iingxaki emva konyango.
- Ukuba unezinye iingxaki zempilo, ezifana nesifo seswekile, ukuchacha kusenokulibaziseka.
Ungayinyamekela njani i-cast?
Ukunyamekela kakuhle isamente yakho kubalulekile ukuze iphole ngokukhawuleza. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:
- Ukuba ugqirha akaniki mvume,Musa ukuvumela iplasta imanzi. Ukuba imanzi, kuya kuba nzima ukoma kwaye inokubangela amanxeba esikhumba okanye izifo.
- Jonga ulusu olujikeleze iplasta rhoqo. Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba luba bomvu, lukhupha ulwelo, okanye lubuhlungu.
- Kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48, gcina ingalo/umlenze wakho uphezulu ngaphezu kwentliziyo yakho ngemiqamelo kangangoko unako. Oku kuya kunceda ekunciphiseni ukudumba.
- Ukuba ulusu olungaphakathi kwiplasta luyarhawuzelela, musa ukufaka nto ngaphakathi ukuze lukrwele.
- Ukuze unciphise ukudumba, kulungile ukuhambisa iminwe yakho ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunike imvume.
- Ukuba imiphetho yeplasta irhabaxa okanye ibukhali, faka iplasta okanye iteyiphu ukuthintela ukwenzakala eluswini.
Xa une-cast, phantsi kweziphi iimeko apho kufuneka uye kwi-ETU ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba une-cast emzimbeni wakho, lumka kakhulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi, yiya kwigumbi longxamiseko ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba iplasta yenza ingalo/umlenze wakho ungabi namandla .
- Ukuba uziva ngathi ingalo/umlenze wakho uya ubuthathaka .
- Ukuba intlungu iyaqhubeka okanye iyanda .
- Ukuba iplasta ivakala iqinile kakhulu .
- Ukuba kukho ivumba elibi elivela kwiplasta.
- Ukuba unomkhuhlane .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuqhekeka okudibeneyo yimeko enzima apho ulusu luqhekeka kwaye ithambo libonakala.
- Ukuba kwenzeka ingozi efana nale, musa ukoyika kwaye mthathe umguli umse kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane ngokukhawuleza.
- Ungaze uzame ukutyhala ithambo okanye ukucoca inxeba. Ukugquma inxeba ngelaphu elicocekileyo kwanele.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomonde nokulandela iingcebiso zonyango, njengoko inkqubo yokuphiliswa ingathatha iinyanga ezininzi.
- Ukunyamekela kakuhle i-cast kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo lomzimba kubalulekile ukuze umntu aphile ngokukhawuleza.
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