Umama okanye utata angavakalelwa njani ukuba bajonga ngothando isandla esincinci sosana lwabo olusandul’ ukuzalwa baze baqaphele umahluko omncinci kuso? Kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo, ebuhlungu, kwanomsindo. Kuqhelekile ukuzibuza, 'Kutheni oku kwenzeke kumntwana wethu?' Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje sithetha ngala mahluko ezandla zokuzalwa. Siyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukuthuthuzela.
Yintoni umahluko wesandla sokuzalwa?
Ngamafutshane, oku kuthetha ukuba ukuma kwesandla somntwana wakho kwahlukile kancinci kwisimo sesandla esiqhelekileyo. Igama elithi "congenital" lithetha "ukubakho ekuzalweni." Oku kuthetha ukuba lo mahluko uyenzeka ngelixa umntwana esakhula esibelekweni.
Kuqhelekile ukuba abazali bazive bebuhlungu, benomsindo, kwaye benetyala xa bebona into efana nale. Usenokuzibuza, "Ngaba kukho into engalunganga ngam ngexesha lokukhulelwa?" Usenokuba nomsindo kuba noogqirha bebengenakukwazi oku kwangaphambili.
Kodwa ngokwenene akukho mntu unetyala. Uninzi lwezi meko azizuzisi ilifa. Kwaye azinakuthintelwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwanezikrini azikwazi ukuzibona. Ngoko ke, nceda ungazibeki tyala.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zezi nguqu?
Ukukhubazeka kwesandla okuzelwe nako kunokwahlulwahlulwa kwiindidi ezininzi eziphambili. Xa kuhlulwe ngolu hlobo, kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda imeko.
| Indlela utshintsho oluvela ngayo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zokwenza isandla sonke okanye iindawo zesandla | Ukungaphumeleli ukuphuhlisa kakuhle inxalenye okanye lonke isandla. |
| Iingxaki zokwahlulwa kwezandla | Iminwe idibene kwaye inamathelene. |
| Iminwe eyongezelelweyo okanye oobhontsi | Ukuba neminwe emininzi kunesiqhelo esandleni. |
| Ukukhula okungaphantsi okanye ukuphuhliswa okugqithisileyo kwesandla okanye iminwe | Ubungakanani besandla, iminwe, okanye ubhontsi buncinci okanye bukhulu kunesiqhelo. |
Iindidi ezithile eziqhele ukubonwa
Ngoku masithethe ngezinye zeemeko ezithile eziqhelekileyo eziwela phantsi kwezi ndidi ziphambili.
Iminwe inamathelana (ngeSyndactyly)
Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokukhubazeka kwesandla. NgesiGrike, igama elithi "syn" lithetha "kunye" kwaye elithi "daktylos" lithetha "umnwe." Ngamafutshane, oku kuxa iminwe yomntwana inamathelene. Ngamanye amaxesha, lulusu oluphakathi kweminwe emibini kuphela oludibeneyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yimeko 'elula'. Ngamanye amaxesha, amathambo, imithambo-luvo, kunye nemithambo yegazi kwiminwe nazo zidibene. Le yimeko 'entsonkothileyo'.
Ukuba neminwe eyongezelelweyo (i-Polydactyly)
Igama elithi "Poly" lithetha "ezininzi." Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana uneminwe engaphezu kwemihlanu esandleni sakhe. Lo mnwe ungaphezulu unokuncamathiselwa kuphela lusu okanye imithambo-luvo. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokuba namalungu afana nomnwe oqhelekileyo okanye unamathele kwithambo elongezelelweyo esandleni.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zale nto:
- I-Ulnar Polydactyly: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Apha, idijithi eyongezelelweyo ikhula ecaleni komnwe omncinci, icala eliqhagamshelana nethambo elikhulu kumathambo amabini asesandleni sethu, ithambo elithi `(ulna)`.
- I-Radial Polydactyly: Kule nto, idijithi eyongezelelweyo ikhula ecaleni kwesithupha. Oko kukuthi, ecaleni kwethambo `(radius)`. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho iithupha ezininzi esandleni esinye.
Isandla seKlabhu yeRadial
Kule meko, ukukhula kwecala lesithupha sesandla, oko kukuthi, ithambo `(radius)`, kuyaphazamiseka. Ngenxa yoko, inxalenye esezantsi yesandla iba mfutshane, igobe ngaphakathi, kwaye ithatha imo efana nonobumba "J". Ubhontsi usenokuba mncinci kakhulu okanye ungabikho kwaphela. Isandla esifutshane sinokwenza kube nzima kumntwana ukwenza imisebenzi esebenzisa izandla zombini.
Isandla esicacileyo
Oku kwenzeka xa omnye okanye ngaphezulu kweminwe ephakathi yesandla somntwana ingekho. Oku kubangela ukuba kubekho umngxuma ofana no-"V", okanye umngxuma, entendeni yesandla. Le meko ngamanye amaxesha ihamba nezinye iimeko ezifana ne-syndactyly okanye i-polydactyly.
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?
Izandla neminwe yomntwana zikhula phakathi kweveki yesine neyesithandathu yokukhulelwa. Naluphi na ukuphazamiseka ngeli xesha linzima kakhulu kunokubangela olu tshintsho. Kukho izinto ezimbini eziphambili ezichaphazela oku.
Izinto ezibangela ufuzo
Iijini zibonelela ngemiyalelo yokukhula nokusebenza kweseli nganye emzimbeni wethu. Ezi jini zidluliselwa kubazali ukuya ebantwaneni. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi jini zinokutshintsha (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo) ngokuzenzekelayo. Kwimeko yotshintsho lwesandla, olu tshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo ludla ngokwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Alunakwenzeka kakhulu kwaye ludluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.
Izinto ezisingqongileyo
Oku kunokuchaphazeleka zizifo ezithile umama azifumanayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye namayeza athile awasebenzisayo. Umzekelo, iyeza lokulwa nesicaphucaphu i-thalidomide kunye namanye amayeza e-chemotherapy omhlaza. Ezi zinto zingonakalisa izicubu ezikhulayo ezisempilweni kwaye zitshintshe inkqubo yokukhula.
Nangona ezinye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zesandla zinokuchazwa zezi zinto, kwiimeko ezininzi akukho sizathu sithile sinokufunyanwa.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yale meko?
Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobunzima bokukhubazeka kwesandla, abanye abantwana banokukwazi ukuqhelana nako kwaye basebenze ngaphandle kobunzima. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantwana banokufumana ubunzima xa benganyangwa.
- Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso.
- Ubunzima bokwenza umsebenzi wakho nokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
- Imida ekuthatheni inxaxheba kweminye imidlalo neminye imisebenzi.
- Iingxaki zengqondo nezentlalo (iimvakalelo zokuzihlukanisa nabanye, iintloni, njl.njl.).
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo?
Ngenxa yokuba umntwana ngamnye wahlukile, unyango lumiselwa ngokweemfuno zomntwana. Injongo ephambili yonyango kukwandisa umsebenzi umntwana anokuwenza ngeso sandla nokwenza ubomi bemihla ngemihla bube lula. Enye injongo kukunceda umntwana akhe ukuzithemba ngokuphucula inkangeleko yesandla ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile.
| Indlela yonyango | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukolula | Ukuzilolonga okuthambileyo ukuphucula intshukumo yamalungu kunye nemisipha. |
| Ukuphotha okanye ukuphosa | Izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukubamba isandla kwindawo efanelekileyo nokugcina ukubambelela. |
| Ulungiso lwenyama | Ukuzilolonga kunye nonyango oluthile ukuphucula amandla kunye nokusebenza kwesandla. |
| Iiprosthetics | Izixhobo zokulungisa zangaphandle zokungabikho kwenxalenye okanye ithambo esandleni. |
| Utyando | Utyando lwenziwa ukuze kwahlulwe iminwe edityanisiweyo, kususwe iminwe eyongezelelweyo, kwaye kuphuculwe imo kunye nokusebenza kwesandla. |
Umzekelo, kwimeko ye-syndactyly, iminwe idla ngokwahlukana ngotyando. Kwimeko ye-polydactyly, umnwe uyasuswa ngotyando kwaye umnwe oseleyo unamathele kwakhona.
Khumbula, unyango alunakunyanga ngokupheleleyo olu tshintsho. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kunye nenkangeleko yesandla kunokuphuculwa kakhulu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba wena nomntwana wakho nilwamkele olu tshintsho ngendlela eyakhayo. Loo nto yeyona nto inamandla amakhulu ukuze unyango luphumelele.
Njengomzali, ungamnceda njani umntwana wakho?
Njengomzali womntwana onale meko, zininzi izinto onokuzenza. Inkxaso yakho ibaluleke kakhulu kumntwana wakho.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho: Thetha nogqirha wakho ngazo zonke izinto ezikuxhalabisayo nezoyikisayo. Musa ukufihlwa nto.
- Buza ngamaqela enkxaso: Buza ugqirha wakho ngamaqela enkxaso nabanye abazali nabantwana abaye baba namava afanayo. Ukuthetha nabantu abanjalo kunokuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla kuwe nakumntwana wakho.
- Khuthaza umntwana wakho: Njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula, mncede aqonde ukuba wahlukile. Mxelele ukuba ayilotyala lakhe kwaye zininzi izinto anokuzithetha ngalo mba.
Imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho
Xa undwendwela ugqirha wakho, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:
- Luhlobo luni lokukhubazeka kwesandla umntwana wam analo?
- Yeyiphi indlela yonyango engcono kakhulu oyicebisayo?
- Ngaba umntwana wam uza kukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eqhelekileyo njengabanye abantwana?
- Ndingamnceda njani umntwana wam ukuba aqhelane nolu tshintsho?
Abantwana baqhelana nezi zinto ngokukhawuleza kunokuba ucinga. Ihlabathi labo liyamangalisa kakhulu. Uthando lwakho, inkxaso yakho, kunye nesimo sakho sengqondo esihle zezona pilisi zibalaseleyo umntwana anokuzifumana.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Asikuko ukuba umntwana wakho wazalwa enesiphene sesandla. Musa ukuziva unetyala ngaloo nto.
- Uninzi lwezi meko azizuzisi okanye azithintelwa.
- Injongo ephambili yonyango kukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokubonakala kwesandla.
- Abantwana bayakhawuleza ukuziqhelanisa nezi nguqu. Bayakwazi ukumelana nazo ngokukhawuleza.
- Isimo sakho sengqondo esihle nothando zibalulekile ekuphuhliseni umntwana wakho ngendlela enempilo.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo.
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