Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba amathambo ethu, izihlunu, ulusu, kunye namalungu ethu omzimba ahlanganiswa njani ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo? Njengokwakha indlu ngesamente, onke la malungu omzimba wethu adibene kwaye axhaswa luhlobo oluthile lwezicubu. Sizibiza ngokuba "zii-Connective Tissues". Ezi 'ziiglu' zomzimba wethu. Ngoko ke, izifo ezichaphazela izicubu ezinxibelelanayo ezifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo emzimbeni wethu zibizwa nje ngokuba "zii -Connective Tissue Diseases".
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le tissue inxibelelanayo?
Cinga ngayo, ezi zizinto ezingaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Ngaphandle kwazo, umzimba wethu ubuya kudilika ube yimfumba. Olu didi lwezicubu ezidityanisiweyo luquka:
- Amathambo: Yisakhelo esiqinileyo esinika imizimba yethu imo namandla.
- I-Cartilage: I-tissue egudileyo phakathi kwamalungu ethintela amathambo amabini ukuba angakhuhlani. Sikwanayo nale nto ezimpumlweni nasezindlebeni zethu.
- Imisipha: Izakhiwo eziqinileyo, ezifana nebhendi ezidibanisa izihlunu namathambo.
- Iiligamenti: Ziindawo ezidibanisa amathambo kunye neziqinisa amalungu.
- Ulusu: Lelona lungu likhulu eligubungela kwaye likhusela imizimba yethu.
- Amafutha omzimba: Amalungu omzimba agcina amandla kwaye akhusela amalungu omzimba.
- I-Fascia: I-membrane encinci ejikeleze izihlunu kunye namalungu omzimba.
Uyabona, ezi zicubu zigcwele imizimba yethu yonke indawo. Yiyo loo nto xa isifo sezicubu ezidityanisiweyo sivela, asipheleli nje kwindawo enye yomzimba, kodwa sinokuchaphazela iindawo ezininzi. Ngamanye amaxesha sichaphazela uhlobo olunye lwezicubu, ngamanye amaxesha sichaphazela iintlobo ezininzi zezicubu, kwanamalungu omzimba.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zezi zifo?
Okwangoku kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 zezifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo, kodwa singazahlulahlula zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili.
1. Izifo ezihlasela umzimba ngokwawo: Izifo ezibangelwa yinkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu (inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba) ehlasela izicubu zethu.
2. Izifo zemfuza: Izifo ezikhoyo ekuzalweni kwaye zibangelwa sisiphene kwiimfuza.
3. IiCancers: IiCancers ezenzeka kwizicubu ezidityanisiweyo. Sizibiza ngokuba ziiSarcomas .
Ngoku makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ntlobo ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
1. Izifo zeZicwili eziQhagamshelana neZilwanyana eziZikhuselayo
Olu luhlobo abantu abaninzi abalwaziyo nabathetha ngalo xa besithi "isifo sezicubu ezidityanisiweyo." Kwenzeka into engaqhelekanga apha. Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, efana "nomkhosi" omele ukhusele imizimba yethu kwizifo, iqala ukuhlasela izicubu zethu ezidityanisiweyo ezisempilweni ngokungathi ngempazamo. Oku kubangela ukudumba okungapheliyo, okanye ukudumba, kwezo zicubu.Oku kunokubangela iintlungu, ukudumba, kwaye ekugqibeleni kubangele umonakalo ongunaphakade kwezo zicubu ukuba oku kuqhubeka ixesha elide.
Ngamafutshane, okwenzekayo apha kufana noonogada bethu abahlasela ikhaya lethu.
Ngezantsi kukho ezinye zezifo eziphambili ezikweli candelo.
| Igama lesifo | Ingcaciso nje |
|---|---|
| Irheumatoid arthritis | Oku kuchaphazela kakhulu amalungu. Amalungu ayadumba aze aqine, kwaye usenokungakwazi ukugoba iminwe yakho xa uvuka kusasa. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, amalungu angonakala kwaye iminwe igobe. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kudumba kunokusasazeka kwamanye amalungu, njengemithambo yegazi kunye nemiphunga. |
| I-Lupus | Esi sisifo esintsonkothileyo. I-Lupus inokuchaphazela nayiphi na izicubu zomzimba. Ingonakalisa amalungu amakhulu afana nolusu, amalungu, intliziyo, imiphunga, izintso kunye nengqondo. Irhashalala ebomvu, efana nebhabhathane luphawu olwaziwayo. |
| I-Scleroderma | Kulapho umzimba uvelisa iproteni eninzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-collagen kunokuba uyidinga. Oku kubangela ukuba ulusu lube lukhuni, luqine, kwaye lube namaqhuqhuva. Oku kunokuchaphazela nezitho zangaphakathi, ezifana nemiphunga, intliziyo, kunye nomgudu wokugaya ukutya. |
| Isifo sikaSjögren | Kule meko, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela amadlala avelisa umswakama emzimbeni. Oko kukuthi, amadlala avelisa amathe kunye neenyembezi. Ke ngoko, iimpawu eziphambili ngamehlo omileyo kunye nomlomo owomileyo. Olu kome lunokuchaphazela ulusu, impumlo, kunye nomqala. |
| I-Myositis | Esi sifo sichaphazela izihlunu. Izihlunu ziyadumba kwaye zibe buthathaka. Kuba nzima ukuphakama esitulweni okanye ukunyuka izinyuko. Kwezinye iintlobo, ukongeza kwizihlunu, i-eczema inokubakho naselusu. |
Ngamanye amaxesha umntu unokuba neempawu zezifo ezininzi kunye. Esi sibizwa ngokuba yiMixed Connective Tissue Disease . Ngamanye amaxesha, kukho iimpawu, kodwa azinakuchazwa ngokuchanekileyo njengesifo esithile. Esi sibizwa ngokuba yiUndifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease .
2. Iingxaki zeZicwili eziXhumana neMvelo
Ezi zifo azibangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela. Ezi ziimeko esizalwa nazo, ezibangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo zethu. Esi siphene sezakhi zofuzo sitshintsha indlela ekwakheka ngayo izicwili ezidityanisiweyo. Oku kuchaphazela kakhulu ukuveliswa kweeproteni ezimbini kwezi zicwili ezibizwa ngokuba yi-collagen kunye ne-elastin . I-Collagen inika izicwili amandla, kwaye i-elastin inika ukuguquguquka.
| Igama lesifo | Ingcaciso nje |
|---|---|
| Isifo sikaMarfan | Oku kuchaphazela imicu ye-elastin, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izicubu zoluleke kakhulu kwaye zikhululeke. Aba bantu badla ngokuba bade ngendlela engaqhelekanga, banemilenze neminwe emide kakhulu. Le yinto ekufuneka ixhalatyelwe kuba inokuchaphazela umthambo wegazi oyintloko wentliziyo (i-aorta). |
| Isifo sika-Ehlers-Danlos (EDS) | Oku kwenza ulusu lube buthathaka kakhulu, kwenze ukuba amalungu athambe kakhulu (njengeejoyinti ezimbini), kwaye abe buthathaka kakhulu. Amalungu adla ngokuqhekeka, kwaye ukwenzakala kuthatha ixesha elide ukuphola. |
| I-Osteogenesis imperfecta | Elinye igama lale nto "lisifo samathambo abuthathaka." Kule meko, amathambo aphuka lula ngenxa yokunqongophala kohlobo lwe-collagen. Nokuba ukuwa okuncinci kunokubangela ukwaphuka. Amehlo amhlophe nawo anokubonakala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
Iimpawu zabantu abazelwe benesi sifo semfuza zahlukile kakhulu. Abanye banokuba neempawu ezibuthathaka kakhulu, ngelixa abanye banokuba neengxaki ezinzulu nezisongela ubomi. Ekubeni kungekho nyango lwale ngxaki yemfuza, oogqirha banokunyanga kuphela iimpawu kunye neengxaki ezivelayo.
3. Umhlaza wezicubu ezidityanisiweyo (Umhlaza - iiSarcomas)
I-Sarcoma luhlobo lomhlaza oluqala kwizicubu ezidityanisiweyo. Ezi zinokwenzeka kwiindawo ezifana namathambo, i-cartilage, amafutha, izihlunu, imisipha, kunye nemisipha.
Ezi mpawu azibonakalisi zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala. Iimpawu zibonakala kuphela xa ithumba likhula lize licinezele ilungu elikufutshane okanye umthambo wegazi. Ngamanye amaxesha liqala njengentlungu yamathambo okanye intlungu yamalungu. Ezinye zinokubonakala njengeqhubu phantsi kolusu. Olu hlobo lomhlaza lunokusasazeka nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Eminye imizekelo yi -osteosarcoma (umhlaza wethambo) kunye ne -liposarcoma (umhlaza wezicubu ezinamafutha).
Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi zifo?
Ngenxa yokuba zininzi iintlobo zezi zifo, iimpawu nazo zahlukile kakhulu. Kodwa singazichonga iimpawu ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo.
- Intlungu emzimbeni wonke: Intlungu nokuqina, ingakumbi kwimisipha namalungu, zixhaphakile.
- Ubuthathaka kunye nokudinwa: Ukudinwa kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwezifo ezininzi.
- Iingxaki zenkqubo yokuphefumla kunye nentliziyo: Imiphunga yethu inezicwili ezininzi ezidityanisiweyo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba imithambo yegazi ihamba phakathi kwezicwili, ukudumba kwindawo enye kunokusasazeka lula kwezi zitho. Oku kunokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla kunye notshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo.
- Ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi: Ukuba imithambo yegazi iyadumba, inokuqhuma ibangele ukopha emzimbeni.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukuba uneempawu ezininzi ezingadibaniyo (umzekelo, iintlungu zamalungu, umlomo owomileyo, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa lusu) ngaxeshanye, zinokuba ziinkalo ezahlukeneyo zesifo esinye. Ngoko ke ungazihoyi.
Ngaba kukho unobangela othile wezi zifo?
Enyanisweni, izazinzulu azikafumani unobangela ochanekileyo wezi zifo. Okwenzekayo kukuba kukho ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo ethile emzimbeni wethu. Kwizifo zokuzikhusela komzimba, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ayisebenzi kakuhle. Kwizifo zofuzo, kukho ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwiijini. Kumhlaza, iiseli ziqala ukwahlukana ngokungalawulekiyo.
Nangona kungenakwenzeka ukutsho ngqo ukuba kutheni ezi ziphene zenzeka, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba kukho izinto ezibangela umngcipheko ezinegalelo koku.
- Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esebenza kakhulu ngenxa yezifo ezinzulu.
- Ukuchanabeka kwiikhemikhali ezithile ezinobungozi.
- Ukuba nembali yosapho enezi zifo (izinto ezidluliselwa kwilifa).
Ugqirha uxilonga njani esi sifo?
Xa usiya kugqirha wakho eneempawu zakho, uza kuqala akubuze ngembali yakho yezonyango kunye nembali yezonyango yosapho. Emva koko uza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba aze akuthumelele uvavanyo oluninzi, njengoko kufuneka.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo olufana ne -C-reactive protein (CRP) kunye ne -ESR lusetyenziselwa ukujonga ukudumba emzimbeni. Lukwajonga nee-antibodies ezithile ukuze kuchongwe izifo ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba.
- Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Ii-X-ray kunye nee-MRI scans zinokunceda ekufumaneni umonakalo emathanjeni, emalungwini, nakwizicwili ezithambileyo.
- I-biopsy yezicubu: Ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesikhumba okanye elinye izicubu ezichaphazelekileyo uze ulihlolisise phantsi kwe-microscope.
- Ukujonga amehlo nomlomo owomileyo: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuba kukho iimeko ezifana ne-Sjögren's syndrome ezirhanelwayo.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Izifo ezininzi zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo ziimeko zobomi bonke . Oku kuthetha ukuba kunzima ukuzinyanga ngokupheleleyo. Ke ngoko, injongo ephambili yoogqirha kukunciphisa ubukhali besifo, ukulawula iimpawu, ukuthintela iingxaki, nokukunceda uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Izifo ezihlasela umzimba ngokwawo kunye nomhlaza ngamanye amaxesha zinokuphela , oko kuthetha ukuba kukho amaxesha apho isifo singasebenzi kwaye singenazo iimpawu. Kodwa zinokuphinda zibuye.
- Kwizifo ezihlasela umzimba: Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala (ii-corticosteroids) kunye ne-immunosuppressants zinikwa ukulawula ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Kwi-cancer (sarcomas): Unyango olufana nokususwa kwethumba ngotyando, i-chemotherapy, kunye nonyango lwe-radiation luyasetyenziswa.
- Kwizifo zemfuza:Ezi zinyangwa ngokweempawu ezivelayo. Umzekelo, amayeza okudambisa iintlungu anikwa iintlungu, kunye namayeza eengxaki zentliziyo.
Phantse kuzo zonke ezi zifo , unyango lomzimba kunye nokuzilolonga okufanelekileyo okwenziwa phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula iintlungu nokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwamalungu kunye nezihlunu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo liqela lezifo ezichaphazela izicubu ezibamba imizimba yethu. Zinokuchaphazela naliphi na ilungu lomzimba wethu.
- Ezi zifo zahlulwe ngokubanzi zibe ziintlobo ezintathu: i-autoimmune, i-genetic, kunye nomhlaza (i-sarcoma).
- Yiba nexhala ukuba uneempawu ezingaphezu kwesinye, ezinje ngentlungu yamalungu, ukudinwa kakhulu, utshintsho lolusu, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
- Nangona uninzi lwezi zifo lungenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho lwendlela yokuphila, iimpawu zinokulawulwa kwaye ubomi obuhle bunokuphilwa.
- Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike iingcebiso. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko luncedo kakhulu kunyango oluphumelelayo.
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