Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba, xa ugula ngumkhuhlane, uphela njani wodwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa? Kungenxa yokuba inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokulwa nesifo, umkhosi wethu olwa nesifo, ulwa nawo. Kodwa khawucinge ukuba loo mandla okulwa, eso sixhobo sikhethekileyo esibizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies, sinokuthathwa kumntu ophulukene nesifo size sinikwe omnye umntu onesifo esifanayo? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba lunyango olumangalisayo, olubizwa ngokuba yiConvalescent Plasma Therapy.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-convalescent plasma?
Kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda le nto. Igazi lethu liqulethe iintlobo ezininzi zeeseli, ezifana neeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ezi seli zihamba kulwelo olutyheli. Elo candelo lolwelo yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yiplasma .
Ngoku khawucinge nje ukuba umntu ufumana isifo esosulelayo, umzekelo usulelo olukhulu lwentsholongwane. Inkqubo yomzimba wakhe yokuzikhusela ilwa nentsholongwane kwaye yenza uhlobo oluthile lweproteni olunokuyitshabalalisa. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba zii-antibodies . Kufana nomkhosi wethu oqaphela utshaba uze wenze i-missile ekhethekileyo enokuhlasela olo tshaba kuphela.
Nokuba umntu sele ephilile ngokupheleleyo kwesi sifo, ezinye zezi antibodies zixabisekileyo zihlala egazini lakhe, ingakumbi kwi-plasma. Igama elithi "convalescent " lithetha "ukuchacha kwisigulo."
Ngoko ke, kolu nyango, igazi lithathwa kumntu ophulukene nesifo esifanayo (umnikeli) kwaye yiplasma kuphela eyahlulwayo kuso. Emva koko, loo plasma ityebileyo kwiintsholongwane inikwa njengotofelo-gazi komnye umntu onesifo esifanayo. Oku kufana nokuthumela ii-commandos ezimbalwa ezinamava ezaziyo ukulwa nesifo emzimbeni womntu ongaziyo ukulwa nesifo.
Loluphi uhlobo lwezifo olu nyango olusetyenziselwa zona?
Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa olu nyango ukunyanga izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane ezisandul’ ukwenzeka kuluntu, ezinokuba nzima kakhulu, kwaye kungekho gonyo okanye unyango oluthile okwangoku. Oku kunokuba luncedo olukhulu ekuthinteleni izifo ezisongela ubomi.
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa ezinye zeendlela zakudala nezisetyenziswa kutshanje kolu nyango.
| Igama lesifo | Intshayelelo emfutshane |
|---|---|
| I-COVID 19 | Ekuqaleni yayisetyenziswa kakhulu njengonyango losulelo lwe-coronavirus olusasazeke kwihlabathi liphela kutshanje. |
| Izifo zokopha ezibangelwa yintsholongwane | Umzekelo, iintsholongwane ezinzima ezifana ne-Ebola ezibangela ukopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni. |
| I-SARS (iSifo sokuphefumla esibukhali kakhulu) | Le yintsholongwane eyinxalenye yosapho lwe-coronavirus kwaye ichaphazela kakhulu inkqubo yokuphefumla. |
| Umkhuhlane weentaka / Umkhuhlane weentaka | Isifo esibi esifana nomkhuhlane esinokudluliselwa ebantwini sisuka kwiintaka. |
| I-H1N1 (umkhuhlane weehagu) | Uhlobo lwentsholongwane yomkhuhlane eyaba yindyikityha yehlabathi ngo-2009. |
Lusebenza njani olu nyango?
Olu nyango lusebenza kwingcamango ye- passive immunity . Nangona oku kunokubonakala kunzima ukukuqonda, eneneni kulula kakhulu.
Xa intsholongwane yangaphandle ingena emzimbeni wethu okokuqala (oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kokuba besikhe saneso sifo ngaphambili okanye sagonyelwa sona), umzimba wethu awukwazi ukuyibona ngoko nangoko le ntsholongwane kwaye ulwe nayo. Kungathatha iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ukuba inkqubo yethu yomzimba ivelise ii-antibodies ezifunekayo ukulwa nayo. Ngeli xesha, isifo sinokuba nzima kakhulu.
Kodwa unyango lwe-plasma olulula lufana nokuboleka ezinye zee-antibodies esele zenziwe, ezilungele ukulwa nomntu osele ephilile kwisifo. Xa ezi antibodies zingena emzimbeni wesigulana, ziyakhawuleza ziqaphele intsholongwane ehlaselayo zize ziqale ukuyihlasela.
Ngamafutshane, oku kufana nokuzisa ijoni elinamava eliyazi kakuhle indawo yedabi kunye notshaba ekuqaleni kwedabi. Ngelixa lifumana olu ncedo, inkqubo yomzimba yesigulana ikwanexesha lokuphuhlisa amajoni ayo omzimba.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nangexesha lokunikezelwa kweplasma?
Le nkqubo yenziwa ngononophelo olukhulu nokhuseleko.
Ngaphambi kokunikela ngeplasma
Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni wenze olu nyango, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala ahlole imbali yakho yezonyango, uhlobo lwegazi lakho, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Kwakhona, umntu onikela ngeplasma kufuneka ahlangabezane neemfaneleko ezithile.
- Kufuneka aphile ngokupheleleyo kwisifo sakhe.
- Kufuneka sivavanye ukuqinisekisa ukuba igazi lakhe linamanqanaba aphezulu ee-antibodies ezilwa nesi sifo.
Ngelixa kunikelwa ngeplasma
Le yinkqubo efana nokunika ityuwa eqhelekileyo.
- Ikwenza uzive ukhululekile ebhedini okanye esitulweni.
- Umsebenzi wezempilo uza kukhetha umthambo ofanelekileyo engalweni yakho, awucoce kakuhle aze awubulale iintsholongwane kuloo ndawo.
- Emva koko, kufakwa i-cannula encinci (ityhubhu enenaliti) kuloo mthambo kwaye kuqhagamshelwe umgca we-IV (emithanjeni).
- Ukusuka kwingxowa equlethe iplasma, iplasma ingena kancinci emzimbeni wakho ngetyhubhu. Le nkqubo idla ngokuthatha naphi na ukusuka kwiyure ukuya kwiiyure ezininzi .
- Emva kokuba iplasma inikwe, i-cannula iyasuswa kwaye indawo icinezelwe ngeqhekeza elicocekileyo le-gauze de kuphele ukopha. Emva koko igqunywe ngebhandishi.
- Emva konyango, uza kugcinwa phantsi kweliso likagqirha okwethutyana ukuze ujonge naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye ii-allergies.
Zithini iingenelo zolu nyango?
Kukho iingenelo ezininzi kule ndlela yonyango.
| Inzuzo | Iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu |
|---|---|
| Ukunciphisa ubukhali besifo | Ukuba olu nyango lunikwa kwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo, lunokuthintela ukuba isifo singabi mandundu kwaye iingxaki zingabikho. |
| Enye indlela yezifo ezintsha | Xa kuvela ubhubhane omtsha, lukhetho oluxabisekileyo lonyango olunokunikwa izigulana de kufunyanwe iyeza lokugonya okanye elinye iyeza. |
| Ukuchasana neentlobo ezintsha zentsholongwane | Kunokwenzeka ukubonelela ngee-antibodies ezinokulwa neendidi ezintsha zentsholongwane, kuba umntu onikelayo uphilile kuloo nguqulelo yamva nje. |
| Uncedo kwabo bangenawo amasosha omzimba aneleyo | Oku kuluncedo kakhulu kwabo bangenawo amasosha omzimba abuthathaka okanye abangavelisi amajoni omzimba ngokufanelekileyo nangona sele begonyiwe. |
| Ikhuselekile ngokubanzi | Ngenxa yokuba inikwa emva kovavanyo olufanelekileyo, olu lunyango olukhuselekileyo olunengozi encinci kakhulu. |
Ingaba olu nyango lusebenza kangakanani? Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi?
Masithethe ngempumelelo.
Impumelelo yolu nyango ixhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nesifo esinyangwayo kunye nenqanaba lesifo esinyangwa kuso isigulane.
Umzekelo, ezinye izifundo nge-COVID-19 zibonise ukuba izigulana ezinikwe i-plasma yokuchacha kwiintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa zokuqala kweempawu zazinomngcipheko onciphileyo we-30% ukuya kwi-50% wokulaliswa esibhedlele.
Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba akukho mahluko mkhulu ekufeni phakathi kwabo bafumene olu nyango nabo bangazange balufumane. Oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba unyango kwezo zifundo lwanikwa xa isifo sasisele sinzima kakhulu kwaye kwasekudlule ixesha lokuba sincede . Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunika olu nyango kwangethuba .
Iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi
Okokuqala, iNkonzo yeSizwe yoTshintsho lweGazi yaseSri Lanka inika igazi kunye neenxalenye zegazi imigangatho ephezulu kakhulu kunye novavanyo olungqongqo. Ke ngoko, iingxaki azixhaphakanga . Nangona kunjalo, njengakuyo nayiphi na indlela yonyango, kukho iingozi ezincinci kakhulu ezinokwenzeka.
- Umkhuhlane: Ukunyuka okuncinci kobushushu bomzimba ngexesha okanye emva konyango.
- Ii-Allergy: Abanye abantu banokuba nee-allergy kwiiproteni ezikwi-plasma. Iimpawu ezinje ngokurhawuzelelwa kunye nokurhawuzelelwa zinokubakho.
- Usulelo kwindawo efakwe kuyo i-cannula: Oku kunqabile kakhulu, kuba indawo leyo ihlanjululwe kakuhle.
- Izifo ezithwalwa ngegazi:Abanye basenokuba nexhala malunga nomngcipheko wokufumana izifo ezifana ne-HIV, i-hepatitis B kunye ne-C. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba igazi elinikelayo livavanywa ngokungqongqo kuzo zonke ezi zifo, le ngozi ngoku isondele kwi-zero .
Ngaba ndiza kuziva bhetele emva konyango?
Lo ngumbuzo obuzwa ngabantu abaninzi. Awuyi kuziva ungcono kwangoko emva kokufumana i-plasma yokupholisa. Asingomlingo.
Injongo ephambili yolu nyango kukuthintela isifo sakho ukuba singabe sisongela ubomi , oko kuthetha ukunceda ukukusindisa kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokufakwa kwi-ICU okanye ukufakwa kwi-ventilator.
Nokuba unyango lukhona, kuya kuthatha ixesha elithile ukuba umzimba wakho ulwe nosulelo lwentsholongwane kwaye uphile ngokupheleleyo kulo.
Ndifanele ndithethe nini nogqirha?
Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nolu nyango, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga emva konyango, thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
Ngokwesiqhelo, ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale, ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela ukuba zeziphi iimpawu okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ekufuneka uzazi, kwaye kufuneka ufune iingcebiso zonyango nini.
Ekugqibeleni, kuyamangalisa indlela "onokuyiboleka" ngayo inxalenye yenkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba yomnye umntu ukuze ulwe nesifo. I-plasma yokuguquka komzimba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo koogqirha, ingakumbi xa kungekho ndlela zonyango lwezifo ezintsha. Ingafundisa inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba ukuba iqaphele kwaye ilwe nomhlaseli ongazange ubonwe ngaphambili, ikunika ithuba elihle lokuzisindisa kwisifo esinzima.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-plasma yokuchacha kukusetyenziswa kwee-antibodies ezivela egazini lomntu ophulukene nesifo ukunyanga omnye umguli.
- Oku kunika umzimba "umzimba ongakwaziyo ukumelana nosulelo" kunye noncedo olukhawulezileyo ekulweni nosulelo.
- Olu nyango lusebenza kakuhle xa lunikwa kwangethuba iimpawu zibonakala. Lusenokungasebenzi kakuhle xa isifo siqhubela phambili.
- Olu lunyango olukhuselekileyo kuba igazi labanikeli livavanywa ngokungqongqo. Iingxaki azixhaphakanga kakhulu.
- Olu asilonyango lomlingo oluya kunyanga isifo ngoko nangoko, kodwa lunceda ekuthinteleni ukuba isifo singabi qatha kwaye sibe yingozi kubomi.
- Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokugqiba ukuba olu hlobo lonyango lufanelekile kuwe okanye kumntu osondeleyo kuwe, ngoko thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba.
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