Ngaba wakha weva nge-CMV, okanye i-Cytomegalovirus? Mhlawumbi akunjalo. Kodwa le yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo uninzi lwethu esinayo ebomini bethu, kodwa ayibonisi zimpawu zibalulekileyo. Ukuchaneka, le yintsholongwane eyinxalenye yosapho lwe-herpes virus. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, ingakumbi oomama abakhulelweyo kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, inokuba yingozi kancinci. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngayo yonke into malunga nale CMV ngokulula namhlanje.
Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yintsholongwane ye-CMV?
Nangona nabani na enokuba ne-CMV, uninzi lwabantu alubonisi zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amaqela amabini apho inokuba yingozi kakhulu khona .
Ukuba ufumana i-CMV ngexesha lokukhulelwa...
Ukuba wosulelwe yi-CMV ngexesha okanye ngaphambi nje kokukhulelwa, intsholongwane ingadluliselwa kumntwana wakho nge-placenta. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -congenital CMV . Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphuphuma kwesisu kwaye kunokubangela ukuba umntwana azalwe eneengxaki ezithile zempilo. Umzekelo, iingxaki zokubona okanye zokuva kunye nokulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo.
Ukuba umntu one-immune system ebuthathaka ufumana i-CMV...
Ukuba une-HIV, okanye ukhe wafakelwa amalungu omzimba okanye iiseli eziqalayo kwaye uthatha amayeza okunciphisa umzimba, inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka kunomntu oqhelekileyo. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-immunocompromised .
Ukuba ukhe waba ne-CMV ngaphambili, intsholongwane isenokulala emzimbeni wakho. Xa inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba ibuthathaka, intsholongwane inokuphinda isebenze kwaye ikwenze ugule. Nangona oku kusenokungabi yinto enkulu kumntu ophilileyo, kumntu onenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka, ukuba nosulelo olutsha lwe-CMV okanye ukuvuselela oludala kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yi-CMV?
Usethubeni elikhulu lokosulelwa yi-CMV ukuba ulilungu lala maqela:
- Ukuba ungumntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Ngokomyinge, malunga nama-33% abantwana sele benesifo se-CMV xa beneminyaka emi-5 ubudala.
- Ukuba usebenza okanye uhlala nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. (umz. ootitshala besikolo sabantwana abancinci, abazali)
- Ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka (umz. izigulane ezine-HIV/AIDS, abo bafumana ukufakelwa amalungu omzimba)
- Ukuba uhlala kufutshane nabantu abaninzi (umz. ii-dormitories)
I-CMV sisifo esixhaphakileyo, kungekuphela nje kwilizwe lethu, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Ngokwezibalo kumazwe afana ne-United States, isiqingatha sabemi abaneminyaka engama-40 ubudala kunye nama-90% abaneminyaka engama-80 ubudala sele bosulelwe yile ntsholongwane.
Ziziphi iimpawu zosulelo lwe-CMV?
Iimpawu ze-CMV zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Oku kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, njengemeko yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela yomntu osulelekileyo kunye nokuba usulelo luzelwe okanye lufunyenwe.
Masijonge oku kwitheyibhile ukuze sikuqonde kakuhle oku.
| Udidi olunentsholongwane | Iimpawu ezinokubonwa |
|---|---|
| Abantu abanenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esempilweni | Uninzi lwabantu alunazo iimpawu. Abanye banokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-mononucleosis . - Ukudinwa - Intlungu yemisipha - Ukubila - Intloko ebuhlungu - Umqala obuhkungu - Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo - Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba |
| Abantu abangakwaziyo ukuzikhusela komzimba | Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi ilungu lomzimba elichaphazeleka yintsholongwane. - Ifiva - Ukudinwa - I-CMV pneumonitis: enxulumene nemiphunga (ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukukhwehlela) - I-CMV retinitis: enxulumene namehlo (ukubona okufipheleyo, ukulahleka kokubona) - I-CMV gastritis/colitis: isisu/amathumbu (intlungu yesisu, igazi eliphuma ebhedini, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, urhudo) - I-CMV encephalitis: enxulumene nengqondo ( ukuxhuzula , iintloko ezibuhlungu, ukudideka) |
| Iintsana ezizalwa zinosulelo lwe-CMV (Congenital CMV) | Abanye abantwana basenokungabi nazo iimpawu xa bezalwa, kodwa basenokuzibonakalisa kamva. Iimpawu ezinokuvela xa bezalwa: - Ubunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa - I-Anemia - Ukutyheli kolusu namehlo (i-jaundice) - Amabala abomvu phantsi kwesikhumba (i-purpura okanye i-petechiae) - Isibindi esikhulu (i-hepatomegaly) - Ukwanda kwespleen (splenomegaly) - Intloko encinci (i-microcephaly) - Ukuxhuzula - Ukuphazamiseka kokuva - Ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kwezakhono zomzimba |
Intsholongwane ye-CMV idluliselwa njani ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye?
I-CMV isasazeka ngolwelo lomzimba lomntu osulelekileyo. Oku kuquka amathe, umchamo, igazi, ubisi lwebele, kunye nesidoda. Ezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zokusasazeka kwayo zezi:
- Kukholelwa ukuba idluliselwa ngokudibana ngqo nomchamo namathe, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci nakubasetyhini abakhulelweyo.
- Ngokwabelana ngesondo. Nangona kunjalo, i-CMV ayithathwa njengesifo esidluliselwa ngesondo (STI).
- Ngokuncancisa (ukusuka kumama osulelekileyo ukuya kusana lwakhe)
- Ukusuka ekutofelweni igazi okanye ekufakelweni amalungu omzimba.
Ufumanisa njani ukuba une-CMV?
Oogqirha basebenzisa kakhulu uvavanyo lwegazi, umchamo, okanye amathe ukuze kufunyaniswe usulelo lwe-CMV. Ekubeni idla ngokungabangeli zimpawu zinkulu, abantu abaphilileyo akufuneki benze olu vavanyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amasosha omzimba wakho abuthathaka okanye usana lwakho luneempawu ze-CMV zokuzalwa ezikhankanywe apha ngasentla, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezi mvavanyo.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-CMV?
Usulelo lwe-CMV lunyangwa ngamayeza okulwa neentsholongwane afana ne -ganciclovir okanye i-valganciclovir . La mayeza anikwa njengeenaliti ezifakwa emthanjeni okanye njengeepilisi zomlomo.
Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu nyango lunikwa kuphela abantu abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka kunye neentsana ezizalwa zineempawu ze-CMV. Ukuba umntu oneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba eziphilileyo ufumana i-CMV, umzimba uhlala uyifumana ngokwawo ngaphandle konyango.
La mayeza awanakukwazi ukubuyisela umva umonakalo osele wenzeke (umz., ukulahlekelwa kukuva). Nangona kunjalo, anokuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi. Abantwana abazelwe bene-CMV banokuncedwa ekukhuleni kwabo ngonyango olufana nonyango lokuthetha.
Ungayithintela njani i-CMV?
Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ukuze uzikhusele kwi-CMV. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuphepha ukudibana nolwelo lomzimba lwabanye abantu.
- Musa ukwabelana ngokutya, iipuni, iifolokhwe, kunye neekomityi nabantwana abancinci.
- Musa ukufaka isixhobo sokufunxa umntwana emlonyeni wakho.
- Emva kokutshintsha inabukeni yomntwana okanye ukunceda umntwana asebenzise indlu yangasese, hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha.
- Sebenzisa ikhondom xa usabelana ngesondo.
- Ukuba ukhe wafakelwa amalungu omzimba, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane ukuthintela i-CMV.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba uwela kwenye yezi ndidi zilandelayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga ne-CMV.
- Ukuba uneempawu ze-CMV kwaye ubuthathaka kwi-immune system, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza .
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho osandul’ ukuzalwa uneempawu ze-CMV yokuzalwa.
- Ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka.
- Ukuba ulungiselela okanye ukhe wafakelwa amalungu omzimba.
- Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa.
Kwezi meko, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ngokweenkcukacha amanyathelo ekufuneka uwathathe ukuze uzikhusele kwi-CMV.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-CMV yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo kakhulu edla ngokuba yingozi kubantu abaphilileyo.
- Nangona kunjalo, le ntsholongwane inokubangela iingxaki eziyingozi kakhulu koomama abakhulelweyo, iintsana ezingekazalwa, kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka .
- Kubaluleke kakhulu koomama abakhulelweyo nabantwana abancinci ukuba baphephe ukudibana nolwelo lomzimba olufana namathe nomchamo kwaye balandele iindlela ezilula zococeko ezifana nokuhlamba izandla rhoqo nangokucokisekileyo.
- Ukuba ungomnye wamaqela asemngciphekweni akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, musa ukoyika i-CMV, thetha ngayo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho uze ufumane icebiso elifanelekileyo.
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