Sonke siyayazi isandi sentliziyo yethu esibethayo, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha siziva kakuhle kakhulu ezi ntsimbi xa sisoyika okanye sonwabile. Kodwa uyazi ukuba le nkqubo inzima kangakanani emva kwale ntsimbi inye? Konke oku kulawulwa ziigumbi ezine ezincinci ngaphakathi entliziyweni yethu. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngezi gumbi zentliziyo. Ezi zifana nezona ndawo zibalulekileyo kwinjini yomzimba wethu.
Kulungile, zeziphi ezi gumbi zentliziyo? Zenza ntoni?
Ngamafutshane, kukho iindawo ezine ezingenanto entliziyweni yakho esizibiza ngokuba ziiHeart Chambers . Njengokuba kukho amagumbi amane endlwini. La magumbi mane anamagama amane.
- Amagumbi amabini aphezulu: Siwabiza ngokuba yi-atrium . Elinye yi-atrium yasekunene, elinye yi-atrium yasekhohlo.
- Amagumbi amabini angezantsi: Siwabiza la magumbi ngokuthi zii-ventricles . Elinye liyi-ventricle yasekunene, elinye liyi-ventricle yasekhohlo.
La magumbi mane asebenza kunye ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho nokupompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Cinga nje, xa usoyika okanye uxhalabile, intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza, akunjalo? Ngokubetha ngakunye, kwenzeka inkqubo emangalisayo ngaphakathi kwala magumbi mane. Ngabo bagcina igazi lakho lihamba ngemithambo yakho. Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, kodwa kungenxa yobunye bala magumbi mane apho ioksijini efunekayo kumalungu ethu yongezwa egazini kwaye igazi elicocekileyo lisasazwa emzimbeni wonke.
Yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa ligumbi ngalinye?
Ukuba sijonga intliziyo, kufana neqela eliphambili elisebenza ukufezekisa injongo enye. Kukho abadlali abane kweli qela. Lawo ngamagumbi amane. Bonke bayancedana. Kwaye inkqubo yokupompa intliziyo yenziwa ngokusebenzisana neevalvu kunye nemithambo yegazi entliziyweni.
La magumbi mane ngabadlali ababalulekileyo (ii-MVP) kweli qela. Kungenxa yomsebenzi abawenzayo ukuba igazi elidala emzimbeni wethu licocwe lize lithunyelwe kuwo wonke umzimba njengegazi elitsha rhoqo ngomzuzwana. Makhe sibone ukuba ngamnye kwaba badlali wenza ntoni.
| Igumbi lentliziyo | Umsebenzi |
|---|---|
| I-Atrium yasekunene | Umdlalo uqala apha. Umzimba uneoksijini encinci (i-Deoxygenated), oko kukuthi, yile iqokelela lonke igazi elingcolileyo. Eli gazi liza lize liqokelele ngemithambo emibini emikhulu ebizwa ngokuba yiSuperior Vena Cava kunye neInferior Vena Cava. Emva koko i-atrium yasekunene idlulisela eli gazi kumdlali olandelayo, okuyi-ventricle yasekunene. |
| I-Ventricle yasekunene | Igazi elivela kwi-atrium yasekunene lingena kwi-ventricle yasekunene ngevalvu ye-tricuspid. Apha, i-ventricle yasekunene iyafinyela ngokukhawuleza ize ipompe eli gazi ngevalvu ye-pulmonary iye emiphungeni . Kusemiphungeni apho eli gazi lifumana khona ioksijini efunekayo emzimbeni. Igazi elisele ligcwele ioksijini nelicociweyo libuyela entliziyweni. |
| I-Atrium yasekhohlo | Igazi elineoksijini (oko kukuthi, elicocekileyo) elivela emiphungeni lingena kwi-atrium yasekhohlo. Ngoku eli gazi lilungele ukuya emzimbeni wonke. I-atrium yasekhohlo ithumela eli gazi licocekileyo kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo nge-valve ye-mitral. |
| I-Ventricle yasekhohlo | Eli lelona gumbi lokugqibela kwezine zentliziyo. I-ventricle yasekhohlo yeyona gumbi linamandla entliziyweni. Lileli gumbi elimpompa eli gazi licocekileyo nge-aortic valve liye kwi-aorta lize lisasazeke emzimbeni wonke. Kufana nokufaka igoli lokuphumelela kumdlalo. Le nkqubo yenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo rhoqo xa kubetha intliziyo. |
Iphi le gumbi entliziyweni? Yenziwe ngantoni?
Intliziyo yakho ikwindawo eneembambo zesifuba sakho, ngasekhohlo kwethambo lesifuba sakho, phakathi kwemiphunga yakho. Amagumbi amane entliziyo yakho acwangciswe ukuze kube lula ukuhamba kwegazi. I-atria ngamagumbi amabini aphezulu. Iiventricles ngamagumbi amabini asezantsi.
Icala lasekunene nelasekhohlo lentliziyo lahlulwe sisicwili esibizwa ngokuba yi-septum . Oku kuthintela igazi elingcolileyo, elinezinga eliphantsi leoksijini, ukuba lingadibani negazi elicocekileyo, elinezinga eliphezulu leoksijini.
Iindonga zegumbi lentliziyo zenziwe yimisipha yentliziyo. Ukubetha kwentliziyo kwenzeka xa le misipha ifinyela kwaye iphumla.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, xa sithetha ngamagumbi entliziyo, asinakulibala ngeevalvu. Ezi valve zifana neengcango eziphakathi kwamagumbi. Ziyavuleka kwaye zivale ukuvumela igazi ukuba liphume kwelinye igumbi liye kwelinye liphume entliziyweni.
Umjikelo oqhelekileyo wokopha ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Igazi elingcolileyo eliphuma emzimbeni wonke liza entliziyweni.
2. Intliziyo ithumela elo gazi emiphungeni.
3. Igazi elicociweyo emiphungeni libuyela entliziyweni.
4. Intliziyo ipompa igazi elicocekileyo emzimbeni wonke.
Amagumbi amane kunye neevalvu ezine zisebenza kunye ukugcina lo mjikelo usebenza kakuhle.
Izifo neemeko ezichaphazela amagumbi entliziyo
Ngamanye amaxesha, le ntsebenziswano entliziyweni inokuphazamiseka. Ezinye iingxaki zikhona ngaphambi kokuba sizalwe (isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso). Ezinye iingxaki zinokuvela njengoko sikhula. Ekubeni amagumbi entliziyo ebaluleke kakhulu kwisakhiwo sentliziyo, izifo ezininzi zentliziyo zinxulumene nala magumbi. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezi ngxaki.
Ukungahambi kakuhle kwentliziyo (iiArrhythmias)
Olu lukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo okubangelwa yingxaki kwinkqubo yombane yentliziyo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi, kodwa kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezinxulumene ngqo namagumbi entliziyo.
- I-Supraventricular Arrhythmias: Ezi ziqala kumagumbi amabini aphezulu, i-atria. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo yi- atrial fibrillation (Afib) . Oku kuxa i-atria inganciphisi kakuhle kwaye endaweni yoko ingcangcazela. Oku kuyithintela ekupompeni igazi kwiithishu zomzimba ngokufanelekileyo. Usenokungabi nazimpawu. Ukuba unayo iimpawu, zinokubandakanya ukuziva ushukuma esifubeni sakho, ukuziva intliziyo yakho ibetha ngamandla, isicaphucaphu, isiyezi, kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane. Ukuba ayinyangwa, umngcipheko westroke uyanda ngokuphindwe kahlanu.
- Ii-Ventricular Arrhythmias: Ezi ziqala kumagumbi amabini entliziyo, abizwa ngokuba zii-ventricles. Ngamanye amaxesha azinabungozi. Umzekelo, unokufumana ii-Ventricular Contractions zangaphambi kwexesha (ii-PVC) xa une-high blood pressure okanye usela ikofu eninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo ziyingozi kakhulu. I-Ventricular Fibrillation (i-Vfib) yeyona meko imbi kakhulu kwezi. Inokubangela ukuminya kwentliziyo ngequbuliso kwanokufa. Oku kwenzeka xa intliziyo ingafumani gazi laneleyo. I-Vfib yingxamiseko yezonyango efuna unyango ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba umntu akazi nto kwaye akaphefumli kakuhle, kufuneka asiwe kwiSebe leNgxamiseko lesibhedlele (i-ETU) ngoko nangoko.
Isifo seValve yeNtliziyo
Ngamanye amaxesha iivalvu ezisentliziyweni zinokonakala kwaye ziyeke ukusebenza kakuhle. Ezi ngxaki zixhaphake ngakumbi njengoko sikhula.
- I-Aortic Stenosis: Isifo sentliziyoOku kwenzeka xa ivalvu ethwala igazi ukusuka kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo ukuya kwi-aorta, ivalvu ye-aortic, incipha. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuba igazi liphume. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezinje ngokudinwa, ukuphefumla kancinci, iintlungu zesifuba, isiyezi, kunye nokudumba kwemilenze.
- Ukubuyela kwe-Tricuspid: Oku kwenzeka xa ivalvu ye-tricuspid, ivalvu ethwala igazi ukusuka kwi-atrium yasekunene ukuya kwi-ventricle yasekunene, ingavali kakuhle. Oku kuvumela ukuba igazi elithile livuze umva, ukusuka kwi-ventricle ukuya kwi-atrium. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezinje ngokudumba kwemithambo entanyeni, ukudinwa, kunye nokudumba emilenzeni.
I-Endocarditis
Ukuba intsholongwane, efana nebhaktheriya, ingena egazini lakho ize iye entliziyweni yakho, inokosulela ulwelo lwentliziyo yakho kunye neevalvu zayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -endocarditis . Iimpawu ziquka umkhuhlane, ukugodola, ukubila ebusuku, kunye neentlungu zomzimba. Esi sisifo esibi kakhulu kwaye kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko kwaye ufumane amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ukuba asinyangwa, sinokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade entliziyweni yakho.
Iziphene zeVentricle enye
Ezi ziimeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu ezibakho xa umntwana ezalwa. Kule meko, enye yeevalvu isenokungakhuli kakuhle, ibe ncinci, okanye ivalvu ingabikho.
- I-Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS): Icala lasekhohlo lentliziyo alikhuli kakuhle.
- I-Pulmonary Atresia: Ivalvu yepulmonary ivaliwe okanye ayiphuhliswanga ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
- I-Tricuspid Atresia: Ivalvu ye-tricuspid ayenziwanga kakuhle, ngoko ke igazi alikwazi ukuhamba ukusuka kwi-atrium yasekunene ukuya kwi-ventricle yasekunene.
Ndingazi njani ukuba amagumbi entliziyo yam aphilile?
Isifo sentliziyo sibizwa ngokuba yi "buller buthule" kuba ngamanye amaxesha sinokuvela ngaphandle kweempawu. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo kwaye uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nesifo sentliziyo.
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokujonga impilo yentliziyo yakho:
- Ukumamela nge-stethoscope: Oku kunokufumanisa izandi zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (ukumbombozela) kunye neengxaki zevalvu.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Oku kuvavanya ukusebenza kombane kwentliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Oku kufana nokuskena kwentliziyo. Kunokujonga ngokusondeleyo ukusebenza kwentliziyo kunye nemeko yeevalvu.
Unyango luxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha unokuxelelwa ukuba wenze utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela ophila ngayo (njengokunciphisa ikofu). Ngamanye amaxesha, unganikwa amayeza. Kwizinto ezifana neengxaki zevalvu, ungadinga utyando. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukuthetha naye ngazo naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha.
Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndigcine intliziyo yam iphilile?
Zininzi izinto ezilula onokuzenza ukuze ugcine intliziyo yakho isempilweni.
- Ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Oku kunceda ukulawula izinto ezinobungozi ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Ukuhamba okanye ukubaleka iintsuku ezimbalwa ngeveki kunokunceda ukuqinisa intliziyo yakho. Kodwa thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise nayiphi na inkqubo yokuzilolonga.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya notywala: Le mikhwa imbi entliziyweni yakho nakumzimba wakho wonke.
Qala ngotshintsho oluncinci. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ungafumana iziphumo ezinkulu kwezo tshintsho zincinci.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Intliziyo yethu ineegumbi ezine. Ezi zisebenza njengeqela ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokuqina kwesifuba okungaqhelekanga, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukudinwa rhoqo, ukudumba kwemilenze yakho, okanye isiyezi, musa ukuzityeshela. Yiya kugqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Izifo ezininzi zentliziyo azibonakalisi zimpawu kwasekuqaleni, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha, nokuba ucinga ukuba akukho nto imbi.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni, njengokutya ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga rhoqo, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya, yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela intliziyo yakho.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uxhalabile ngempilo yentliziyo yakho, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo loo nto.
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