Ngaba ukhe waba namahlwili egazi emithanjeni yakho yemilenze? Makhe sithethe nge-(Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT)!

Ngaba wakha weva ngesi sifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Deep Vein Thrombosis)` okanye i-DVT? Mhlawumbi wena okanye umntu omaziyo ukhe wadumba umlenze, wabuhlungu ngequbuliso waza waya kugqirha. Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni kanye kanye, kutheni sisenzeka, ingaba siyingozi, kwaye kufuneka senze ntoni, kulungile?

Yintoni kanye kanye i-DVT?

Ngamafutshane, i-DVT (`(Deep Vein Thrombosis)`) kukwakheka kwehlwili legazi (`(thrombus)`) ngaphakathi emithanjeni, nzulu emzimbeni wethu. Cinga ngayo njengengcezu yothuli enamathela kumbhobho wamanzi. Kukho izizathu ezibini eziphambili zokuba la mahlwili egazi enzeke. Esinye kukuba imithambo yonakele ngandlela thile. Esinye kukuba isantya sokuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni siyehla, oko kuthetha ukuba igazi lihamba kancinci kakhulu.

Xa kuvela ihlwili legazi, linokuthintela ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye ukuhamba kwegazi ngemithambo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-DVT yenzeka kwimithambo yomlenze ongezantsi (iqakala), ithanga, okanye isinqe. Nangona kunjalo, i-DVT inokwenzeka nakwezinye imithambo enzulu emzimbeni, njengengalo, ingqondo, amathumbu, isibindi kunye nezintso.

Iyingozi kangakanani i-DVT?

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga ukuba, lihlwili legazi nje, kutheni ke linokuba yingozi? Kaloku, ukuba i-DVT ihlala apho ikhoyo, isenokungabangeli ingozi enkulu. Kodwa eyona nto iyingozi kukuba ihlwili legazi elenzeka ngaphakathi kwezi veins linokuphuma lize lihambe emzimbeni wonke kunye negazi.

Khawuthelekelele ukuba ihlwili legazi (i-embolus) eliphumayo linamathela kwimithambo yegazi emiphungeni, nto leyo eyingozi kakhulu . Kwizonyango, siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Pulmonary Embolism" okanye i-PE. Ekubeni oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini, kubalulekile ukuqaphela iimpawu, ukwenza uxilongo, kunye nokuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Akuphelelanga apho, kodwa malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abane-DVT emilenzeni yabo, okanye malunga nomnye kwabababini, banokuba nentlungu kunye nokudumba emilenzeni yabo ngamanye amaxesha kangangeenyanga, okanye iminyaka. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-"post-thrombotic syndrome". Oku kwenzeka xa i-DVT yonakalisa iivalvu ezithambileyo ngaphakathi kwemithambo kunye nodonga lwangaphakathi lwemithambo, okubangela ukuba igazi lihlangane kwindawo enye endaweni yokuba linyuke kakuhle. Le ntlungu kunye nokudumba kubangelwa kukunyuka koxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwemithambo.

I-post-thrombotic syndrome ingabandakanya ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuxinana kwegazi emlenzeni.
• Inyani yokuba imilenze iyaqhubeka nokudumba.
• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
• Utshintsho kumbala wolusu emilenzeni, ngamanye amaxesha luba mdaka.
• Izilonda zemithambo yegazi zizinto ezinzima ukuzipholisa amanxeba asemilenzeni.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-DVT kunye ne-deep vein thrombosis?

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngomthambo odumbileyo, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwaye ubuhlungu xa uwuchukumisa. Ubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Superficial Venous Thrombosis)` (abanye abantu babiza ngokuba yi-`(phlebitis)` okanye `(superficial thrombophlebitis)`). Ungaphantsi nje kolusu lwakho,Kuvela ihlwili legazi kumthambo okufutshane. Akuqhelekanga ukuba ihlwili legazi elinje liphume liye emiphungeni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ihlwili legazi liya kwinkqubo yemithambo enzulu, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba oko kungenzeka.

Ugqirha udla ngokubona ukuba kukho amahlwili egazi kwimithambo ekufutshane nolusu ngokuyichukumisa aze ayihlole umzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze uqiniseke ngokupheleleyo nge-DVT, oko kukuthi, ihlwili legazi kwimithambo enzulu, kufuneka uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound ngokuqinisekileyo.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le DVT?

Kubalulekile ukwazi oku. Ukuba ujonga izibalo kwilizwe elifana neMelika, kuthiwa phakathi komntu omnye ukuya kwabathathu kubantu abadala abayi-1,000 bafumana i-DVT okanye i-`(Pulmonary Embolism)` (PE) ebangelwa yiyo minyaka le. Kuthiwa abantu abamalunga namakhulu amathathu amawaka bayafa minyaka le ngenxa ye-DVT/PE. Khawuthelekelele, i-DVT/PE sesona sifo sesithathu esixhaphakileyo semithambo yegazi emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nestroke.

Nangona i-DVT/PE inokwenzeka nakubani na ubudala, ayiqhelekanga kubantwana nakubantu abadala abancinci. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala. Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sayo yonke i-DVTs yenzeka xa inyangwa esibhedlele ngenxa yesifo okanye emva kotyando. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuba xa sisesibhedlele, asishukumi njengoko besiqhele ukwenza kwaye sihlala ebhedini ixesha elide, nto leyo enciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya emilenzeni.

Zithini iimpawu ze-DVT?

I-DVT idla ngokuvela kwimithambo yemilenze okanye iingalo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, malunga nama-30% abantu abane-DVT, okanye malunga nomntu omnye kwabathathu, abanazo iimpawu! Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zincinci kangangokuba abanye abantu basenokungaziboni.

Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ze-DVT ekhawulezileyo (ekhawulezileyo) zingabandakanya:

• Ukudumba komlenze okanye ingalo (ngamanye amaxesha oku kwenzeka ngequbuliso).
• Intlungu okanye ukuqaqamba emlenzeni okanye engalweni (oku kunokuvakala kuphela xa umi okanye uhamba).
• Ukuziva ngathi indawo evuvukileyo nebuhlungu yomlenze okanye ingalo ishushu kakhulu kunezinye.
• Ubomvu okanye ukutshintsha kombala wolusu kuloo ndawo.
• Imithambo ekufutshane nolusu ibonakala inkulu kuneqhelekileyo kwaye idumbile.
• Intlungu yesisu okanye intlungu ecaleni kwesisu (oku kwenzeka ukuba igazi liqhekeka kwimithambo enzulu ngaphakathi kwesisu).
• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu (idla ngokuqala ngequbuliso) kunye/okanye ukuxhuzula (oku kwenzeka xa igazi liqhekeka engqondweni).

Abanye abantu abazi ukuba bane-DVT de ihlwili liphume emlenzeni okanye engalweni yabo lize liye emiphungeni yabo. Kulapho ke baqala khona ukufumana iimpawu ze-pulmonary embolism (PE), ezinokuquka iintlungu zesifuba ngequbuliso, ukuphefumla nzima, ukukhohlela igazi, ukuziva unesiyezi, mhlawumbi nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.

Nantsi into ekufuneka uyikhumbule: Ukuba unempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-DVT, nceda ungalindi de iimpawu ziphele. Fowunela ugqirha ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane nawe. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu.

Zithini izizathu ze-DVT?

Ngoku makhe sijonge ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo, okanye izinto ezinobungozi, ze-DVT. Ukuba ezi ziyasebenza kuwe, kulungile ukuba uqaphele kancinci nge-DVT:

• Ukuba nembali yosapho eneemeko zemfuza ezonyusa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Umhlaza kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango lwawo (ezifana ne-chemotherapy).
• Ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho ukhe waba ne-DVT ngaphambili.
• Ukuthintelwa kokuhamba kwegazi emthanjeni onzulu ngenxa yokwenzakala, utyando, okanye ukungakwazi ukuhamba ixesha elide.
• Ukuhlala kwindawo efanayo, ungashukumi, ixesha elide. Njengaxa uhamba ngebhasi ende, uloliwe, okanye inqwelo-moya, okanye xa uhlala ebhedini emva kotyando okanye ukwenzakala okukhulu.
• Ukukhulelwa okanye usandul’ ukufumana umntwana (umngcipheko uphezulu kwiiveki ezi-6 zokuqala).
• Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala (kodwa khumbula ukuba i-DVT inokukhula nakweyiphi na iminyaka).
• Ukutyeba kakhulu/ukutyeba kakhulu .
• Ukuba nesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba esifana ne-lupus, vasculitis, okanye isifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD).
• Ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zecuba (ezifana neecuba, ii-beedis).
• Abantu abanemithambo eyomeleleyo yemithambo yegazi nabo basengozini enkulu ye-DVT.
• Ukusela iipilisi zokulawula ukukhulelwa okanye unyango oluthile lweehomoni .
• Ukuba ne-catheter esembindini wemithambo yegazi (ityhubhu efakwe kumthambo omkhulu) okanye i-pacemaker (isixhobo esilawula isantya sentliziyo) efakwe emzimbeni.
• Ukuba kutshanje usulelwe yi-COVID-19 kwandisa umngcipheko we-DVT.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-DVT?

Xa ubona ugqirha oneempawu ze-DVT, baza kuqala bakubuze ngeempawu zakho, ezinye iimeko zakho zempilo, kunye nokuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho okhe waba neemeko ezifanayo. Emva koko baza kukuhlola. Emva koko, banokwenza olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo zilandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo i-DVT:

Uvavanyo lokufunyaniswa kwe-DVT

• I-Duplex venous ultrasound : Olu lolona vavanyo lusetyenziswa kakhulu, olungenabuhlungu, nolulula ukulusebenzisa ukuze kufunyanwe i-DVT.Oku kusebenzisa amaza omsindo abizwa ngokuba yi-ultrasound ukujonga ukuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi nokubona ukuba kukho na amahlwili egazi. Umntu owenza olu vavanyo ubeka i-ultrasound probe emlenzeni okanye engalweni yakho aze afake uxinzelelo oluthambileyo. Ukuba umthambo awunciphi kakuhle xa uwucinezela, ugqirha unokukrokrela ukuba kunokubakho amahlwili egazi apho. Ukuba iziphumo zale ultrasound azicacanga kakuhle, ugqirha unokwenza olunye uvavanyo.
• `(Venography)` : Olu luvavanyo olwenziwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Lusetyenziswa kancinane kule mihla. Apha, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci eluswini lwentamo okanye i-groin, kufakwa umbhobho omncinci (`(catheter)`) ngawo ungene emthanjeni, kwaye kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo (izinto ezichaseneyo) emithanjeni. Emva koko, kuthathwa imifanekiso ye-X-ray ukuze kubonwe ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni kuvaliwe na ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) okanye i-Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV) : I-MRI ingathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo yamalungu kunye nezakhiwo ngaphakathi emzimbeni. I-MRV ingathatha imifanekiso yemithambo, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba. I-MRI kunye ne-MRV zihlala zibonelela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha ezingaphezulu kune-ultrasound okanye i-CT scan.
• I-CT scan eqikelelweyo : Le yenye indlela yokuthatha imifanekiso yangaphakathi yomzimba usebenzisa iteknoloji ye-X-ray. Ugqirha angasebenzisa i-CT scan ukufumana i-DVT esiswini, esinqeni, okanye ebuchotsheni, kunye nokukhangela amahlwili egazi emiphungeni (pulmonary embolism).

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unesifo sokujiya kwegazi, nokuba sifunyenwe njengelifa okanye sifunyenwe, banokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo ukuze basikhangele. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko ezifana nezi:

• Ukuba ubukhe waba namahlwili egazi ngaphambili ngaphandle kwesizathu esinye esicacileyo.
• Ukuba unehlwili legazi emthanjeni kwindawo engaqhelekanga, njengamathumbu akho, isibindi, izintso, okanye ubuchopho.
• Ukuba usapho lwakho lunembali enamandla yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho osele efunyaniswe ukuba unesifo esithile sokufumba kwegazi esibangelwa yimfuza.

Ubomi bemihla ngemihla bunjani nge-DVT?

Xa une-DVT, usenokuba nentlungu kunye nokudumba emlenzeni wakho kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, nto leyo ekwenza kube nzima ukuhambahamba wenze imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ungabuyela kancinci kancinci kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo .

Ukuba imilenze yakho idumbile kwaye ivakala inzima, zama ukulala ebhedini ubeke umqamelo omnye okanye emibini phantsi kwemilenze yakho kwaye ugcine izithende zakho malunga ne-intshi ezi-5-6 ngaphezulu kwentloko yakho. Oku kuya kunceda ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi ukusuka emilenzeni yakho ukuya entliziyweni yakho kwaye kunciphise ukudumba.

Ukongeza, cinga ngezi zinto:

• Ukuba kufuneka uhlale ixesha elide (umz., xa usebenza eofisini, ubukele iTV), yenza umthambo oquka ukuhambisa isinqe sakho ubuncinci kanye emva kwesiqingatha seyure.
• Vuka uhambe imizuzu embalwa ubuncinci iyure nganye xa uvukile. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu xa ukwinqwelo-moya ende okanye uhambo olude ngesithuthi esifana nebhasi, uloliwe, okanye imoto.
• Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunike umyalelo, nxiba iikawusi ezikhethekileyo zokucinezela ezifika emadolweni akho. Ukuzinxiba qho kusasa nangokuhlwa kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba kunciphisa iintlungu zemilenze kunye nokudumba nge-50%.
• Ziphephe izinto ezinokubangela ukwenzakala okukhulu (umz., ukubaleka okanye ukutsiba imidlalo echaphazela kakhulu umzimba) okwethutyana.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi rhoqo, ingakumbi xa useluhambeni, kwaye ungavumeli umzimba wakho uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-DVT?

Abanye abantu abane-DVT basenokufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele ukuze bafumane unyango, kodwa uninzi lwabantu lunokunyangelwa ekhaya, bethatha amayeza njengoko echazwe ngugqirha wabo, kwaye besiya kwiikliniki (izigulane ezingalaliswanga).

Iindlela eziphambili zonyango lwe-DVT zezi:

• Ukunika amayeza okunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants) ukuthintela ukujiya kwegazi.
• Into endiyikhankanyileyo ngaphambili kukunxiba iisokisi ezixineneyo.
• Ukuphakamisa umlenze (imilenze) echaphazelekileyo izihlandlo ezininzi emini.

Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba i-DVT isasazeke kakhulu, unyango olukhethekileyo (iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwi-catheter) lunokufuneka.

Olu nyango luneenjongo eziphambili ezininzi:

• Injongo kukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi okukhoyo ukuba kungakhuli kwaye kusasazeke kweminye imithambo ejikelezileyo.
• Ukuthintela ukuba igazi lingaphumi emthanjeni lize lihambe negazi liye emiphungeni (okubangela i-pulmonary embolism).
• Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda ube nolu hlobo lokuqhekeka kwegazi kwixesha elizayo.
• Ukuthintela iingxaki ezihlala ixesha elide (umz., ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi, imeko ebangela ukudumba emilenzeni kunye nokutshintsha kombala wolusu) ezinokubangelwa yile gazi liqhekekile.

Khumbula ezi zinto malunga namayeza

Ukuba ugqirha wakho unika amayeza e-DVT, lumka kakhulu ngezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Sela amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngomlinganiselo ochanekileyo. Ungaphoswa lusuku olunye.
• Yenza uvavanyo lwegazi lakho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelele, kwaye ungaphoswa kukudibana nelabhoratri. (Ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa igazi zifuna uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ukuze kuhlolwe amandla akho okujiya kwegazi.)
• Musa ukuqala amayeza amatsha (kuquka amayeza okudambisa iintlungu athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, iivithamini, kunye namayeza e-Ayurvedic) okanye uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokutya kwakho. Ezinye izinto ezinciphisa igazi (ezifana ne-warfarin) zinokunciphisa ukutya okuthile okutyayo (ezifana neembotyi). Ngoko ke qaphela oku.

Okungakumbi malunga nonyango lwe-DVT

Ii-Anticoagulants (izithibi zegazi)

Eli yeza lithintela igazi lakho ukuba lingaqini lula. Likwathintela amahlwili egazi akhoyo ukuba akhule, kwaye likwathintela ukuba angaqhekeki aze ahambehamba.

Okubalulekileyo kukuba, la ma-anticoagulants "awanyibilikisi" amahlwili egazi. Iindlela zendalo zomzimba wakho ziyawanyibilikisa amahlwili kancinci kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha amahlwili awanyibiliki ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba enjenjalo, ayancipha aze ahlale "njengezibazi" ezincinci ngaphakathi kwemithambo. Ngamanye amaxesha la mahlwili "amadala" anokubangela ukudumba kwemilenze okungapheliyo, kodwa uninzi lwexesha awabangeli zimpawu zinkulu.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-anticoagulants. Umzekelo, i-warfarin (ethengiswa ngamagama afana ne-Coumadin), i-heparin (enikwa njengenaliti), kunye ne-anticoagulants yomlomo ethe ngqo (ii-DOAC) okanye i-anticoagulants yomlomo entsha (ii-NOAC) (umz. i-rivaroxaban, i-apixaban, i-dabigatran). Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwamayeza olulungele wena kwaye lukhuselekileyo.

Ukuba udinga ukuthatha i-anticoagulant, ixesha omele ulithathe liya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yakho. Abanye abantu kufuneka bayithathe iinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela (ngesiqhelo iinyanga ezi-3-6), ngelixa abanye banokufuna ukuyithatha ubomi babo bonke. Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nezi:

• Ngaba wakha waba namahlwili egazi anje ngaphambili?
• Nokuba unyangwa ngenxa yesifo esihlala ixesha elide, esifana nomhlaza okanye isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba (ukuba kunjalo, kunokufuneka uthathe i-anticoagulant ixesha elide, nto leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-blood clot).

Eyona miphumo ixhaphakileyo ye-anticoagulants kukuphuma kwegazi. Ukuba ufumana ukukruquka okulula, ukopha kakhulu kwiintsini zakho xa uhlamba amazinyo akho, ukopha impumlo, okanye isitulo esimnyama ngelixa usela la mayeza, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.

`(Iisokisi zoxinzelelo)` (Iisokisi eziqinileyo ezikhethekileyo)

Ugqirha wakho angakuyalela ukuba unxibe iisokisi ezikhethekileyo zokucinezela ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa ukudumba emilenzeni yakho. Eyona nto ibangela oku kudumba kukonakala kweevalvu ezithambileyo ngaphakathi emithanjeni yakho okubangelwa yi-DVT. Ukudumba kunokubakho kuba ukuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni yakho kuthintelwe yi-DVT.

Uninzi lweesokisi zokucinezela luza ngohlobo olunxitywa ngaphantsi kwedolo. Ezi sokisi ziqina kancinci eqakaleni, kwaye ziya zincipha kancinci njengoko unyuka umlenze. Oku kudala uxinzelelo olucothayo nolufanayo (uxinzelelo) emlenzeni, kunciphisa ukuhlangana kwegazi kwaye kunceda ukuba linyuke liye phezulu. Abanye abantu kufuneka bazinxibe iminyaka emibini nangaphezulu. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ukunxiba ezi sokisi yonke imihla ukususela kusasa ukuya ngokuhlwa (hayi ebusuku xa ulele) kunokunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokudumba emlenzeni ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50%.

Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kotyando olukhulu, ungabona abantu benxibe izixhobo ezikhethekileyo (`(izixhobo zoxinzelelo lwe-pneumatic intermittent)`) ezibekwa zijikeleze umlenze wakho kwaye ziqiniswe kwaye zikhululeke ngamaxesha athile ukuze kuthintelwe i-DVT ngelixa usesibhedlele. Ezi azikhuthazwa ukuba zisetyenziswe ngaphandle kwesibhedlele. Kwakhona, ezi zixhobo azikhuthazwa kumntu osele ene-DVT emlenzeni wakhe.

Iinkqubo ezithile ze-DVT

I-DVT idla ngokulawulwa ngamayeza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awukwazi ukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi ngesizathu esithile, okanye ukuba uyaqhubeka nokuba namahlwili egazi nangona uwathatha ngokuchanekileyo, ugqirha wotyando unokufuna ukwenza utyando lokubeka isixhobo esikhethekileyo (isihluzo se-vena cava esingaphantsi okanye isihluzo se-IVC) kumthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wakho (i-vena cava).

Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ngokuyivala loo ndawo. Ugqirha ufaka esi `(IVC filter)` ngetyhubhu encinci (`(catheter)`) kumthambo omkhulu osesinqeni okanye entanyeni yakho, aze asithathe asifake kwi`(vena cava)`, umthambo oyintloko othwala igazi ukusuka kwiindawo ezisezantsi zomzimba ukuya entliziyweni. Injongo yesi sihluzo kukuthintela amahlwili egazi kwimithambo yemilenze yakho ukuba angaphuki aze ahambe aye phezulu, kunye namahlwili egazi amakhulu (`(emboli)`) ukuba aye emiphungeni yakho aze abangele `(pulmonary embolism)`. Kodwa khumbula, nangona `(IVC filter)` inciphisa umngcipheko we`(pulmonary embolism)`, ayithinteli amahlwili egazi amatsha ukuba avele kwimithambo yakho.

Ndingawunciphisa njani umngcipheko wokuba ne-DVT?

Bathi, "Ukuthintela kungcono kunokunyanga." Ngoko ke kunjalo nange-DVT.

Ukuba sele une-DVT kwaye ugqibile unyango, kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana elinye ihlwili legazi le-DVT/PE kwixesha elizayo:

• Sela amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, kangangexesha elimiselweyo.
• Ungaphoswa kukubonana nogqirha wakho kunye novavanyo lwelabhoratri. Ezi ziintsuku apho ugqirha wakho anokugqiba ukuba unyango lwakho lusebenza kangakanani na kunye nokuba umthamo wamayeza akho kufuneka utshintshwe na.
• Yenza utshintsho olusempilweni kwindlela ophila ngayo, njengokutya ukutya okunesondlo, ukuzilolonga imihla ngemihla, kunye nokuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya.

Ukuba awukaze ube ne-DVT, kodwa unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto zibalulekileyo ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, lumka ukuthintela i-DVT ngokuthi:

• Ukuba kufuneka uhlale kwindawo enye ixesha elide (umz., eofisini, kuhambo olude), yenza umthambo olula, njengokuhambisa izinqe zakho phezulu nasezantsi kunye nokujikeleza amaqatha akho, ubuncinane kanye rhoqo emva kwesiqingatha seyure.
• Ukuba ukwinqwelo-moya ende, vuka ubuncinane kanye ngeyure uze uhambehamba phakathi kwendlela. Ukuba ukwihambo ende ngemoto (ibhasi, imoto), phuma emotweni ubuncinane kanye ngeyure okanye ezimbini uze ujikeleze kancinci, wolule imilenze yakho kancinci.
• Emva kokugula okanye utyando, vuka ebhedini uze uqale ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza. Okukhona uqala ukuhambahamba ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba okuba ube ne-DVT anciphe.
• Emva kotyando olukhulu, ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunike eli chiza, sebenzisa amayeza (umz., inaliti ezincinci ze-heparin) okanye unxibe iisokisi zokucinezela ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Bona ugqirha wakho ngamaxesha amiselweyo kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ngokuchanekileyo ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wakho we-DVT.

Yintoni endinokuyilindela ukuba ndine-DVT?

Kungathatha iinyanga ukuya kunyaka ukuba ihlwili legazi linyibilike ngokupheleleyo kwi-DVT. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuthatha izithambisi zakho zegazi kwaye unxibe iisokisi zokucinezela, ukuba uyalelwe, de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba uyeke.

Xa uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (ingakumbi i-warfarin), kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo (ii-INR tests) ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana idosi efanelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho usenokufuna ukwenza ezinye ii-ultrasounds kamva ukujonga ukuba ihlwili legazi lakho lisekhona na, ukuba liye lehla ngobukhulu okanye liya likhula, kunye nendlela imithambo yakho ehamba ngayo.

Ndifanele ndiphinde ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Ukuba iimpawu zakho (ezifana neentlungu zomlenze kunye nokudumba) aziphucuki okanye azibi mandundu ngexesha lonyango, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Kwakhona, ukuba uziva unamanxeba lula ngelixa uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, okanye ukuba uphuma igazi elininzi exesheni, xelela ugqirha wakho.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo ngelixa usela amayeza okunciphisa igazi, oko kuthetha ukuba ubonisa iimpawu zokopha kakhulu, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukuba ukuhlanza kubomvu ngokuqaqambileyo ngenxa yegazi, okanye ukuba ukuhlanza kumnyama njengekofu egayiweyo.
• Ukuba indle ibomvu ngokuqaqambileyo inegazi, okanye ukuba indle imnyama kakhulu kwaye inamathela.
• Ukuba uqhubeka nokopha igazi ngendlela enganqandekiyo empumlweni yakho, emlonyeni, okanye naphi na.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zestroke, ezinje ngentloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso, utshintsho lombono, ubunzima bokuthetha, okanye ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Xa ufunyaniswa ukuba une-DVT, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngezinto ezifana nezi:

• Kuza kufuneka ndithathe esi sixhobo sokunciphisa igazi ixesha elingakanani?
• Ndiza kukwazi nini ukuhamba ngesiqhelo kwakhona (ingakumbi uhambo olude, iinqwelomoya)?
• Ndifanele ndimbone kangaphi ugqirha (`(ixesha lokulandela)`)?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndenze naluphi na utshintsho olukhethekileyo kwindlela enditya ngayo?
• Zeziphi izinto ekufuneka ndiziphephe xa ndithatha olu nyango?

Ngoko ke, yintoni esifanele siyithathele ekhaya kweli bali?

I-DVT ayisiyonto yokoyika, kodwa ayiyonto yokuyithatha lula. Yimeko echaphazela abantu abaninzi kwihlabathi liphela kwaye inokunyangeka ngempumelelo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba,Ukuba uneempawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza kwaye uthathe unyango kanye njengoko ecebisile. Ukuba unikwe amayeza okunciphisa igazi, athathe ngexesha kwaye ufumane uvavanyo olucebiswa ngugqirha wakho. Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukuphendula nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo malunga nempilo yakho. Ngoko ke, thetha naye ngokukhululekileyo kwaye ufumane unyango olungcono kwimeko yakho. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Deep Vein Thrombosis, i-DVT, amahlwili egazi, imithambo, i-Pulmonary Embolism, i-PE, ukudumba kwemilenze, izinto ezinciphisa igazi, iisokisi zoxinzelelo, amahlwili egazi, i-venous thrombosis