Ngaba umntwana wakho ubonakala efika kade ekufikiseni? (Ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo) Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho ukhula kade kancinci xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abantwana abaneminyaka yakhe? Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba njalo. Oko kukuthi, umntwana uqala ukufikisa emva kwexesha kunobudala obuqhelekileyo obulindelweyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukufikisa okulibazisekileyo okanye "ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo". Abanye abantu bakubiza ngokuba "kuphuhliso olulibazisekileyo ngokwesondo". Njengokuba ezinye iintyatyambo ziqhakaza kade kancinci, abanye abantwana banokuba "baqhakaza kade". Kodwa oku akupheleli nje ekuqalekeni. Ngamanye amaxesha ukufikisa kunokuqala ngoko nangoko, kuze kume, okanye kuhambe kancinci kakhulu. Emva koko umntwana akagqibi zonke izigaba zokufikisa njengoko kulindelekile. Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kancinci xa usiva ngale nto, kodwa xa sisazi kakuhle ngayo, iingxaki ezininzi zinokusonjululwa.

Ngoko ke, kuxa uneminyaka emingaphi ukufikisa kuthathwa njengokufika emva kwexesha?

Oku kuyahluka kancinci phakathi kwamantombazana namakhwenkwe. Nantsi indlela oogqirha abakuchaza ngayo oku:

Ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo kumantombazana kuthetha oku:

• Ukuba amabele akho akakaqali ukukhula xa eneminyaka eli-13 ubudala.

Okanye,

• Ukuba awukaqali ukuya exesheni xa uneminyaka eli-15 ubudala, okanye ukuba awukaqali ukuya exesheni emva kweminyaka emithathu amabele akho eqalile ukukhula.

Ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo kubafana kuthetha oku:

• Ukuba amasende akakaqali ukukhula xa eneminyaka eli-14 ubudala.

Okanye,

• Nokuba sele kudlule ubuncinane iminyaka emihlanu ukususela oko amasende aqala ukukhula, ukufikisa akukagqitywa.

Musa ukoyika le mida yobudala. Le yimigaqo nje eqhelekileyo. Ukuba unenkxalabo ngomntwana wakho, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wabantwana.

Zithini iimpawu zokufikisa okulibazisekileyo?

Iimpawu eziphambili kukukhula kwamabele (kumantombazana) kunye nokukhula kwamasende (kumakhwenkwe). Nangona kunjalo, kusenokubakho ezinye izinto:

• Umntwana wakho usenokuba mfutshane kunoko bekulindelwe ngokweminyaka yakhe. Oku kungenxa yokuba akakayifumani "isantya sokukhula" esiqhele ukwenzeka ngexesha lokufikisa.
• Amathambo omntwana asenokungavuthwanga njengoko bekulindelwe ngokweminyaka yakhe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "lubudala bamathambo obulibazisekileyo." Ngugqirha kuphela onokuqinisekisa, kwaye kufuneka i-X-ray.
• Ukunqongophala kokukhula kweenwele zesitho sangasese kwindawo yabucala yomntwana.

Kodwa nantsi into. Abanye abantwana banokuba neenwele zasesinqeni, kodwa basenokuthathwa njengabafika emva kwexesha lokufikisa. Basenokuqala ukuba neenwele zasekhwapheni okanye ivumba lomzimba. Ezi mpawu ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yendalo ebizwa ngokuba yi-adrenarche. Oku kwenzeka ngaphambi kokufikisa. Iihomoni ezinceda ekuqaliseni i-adrenarche zahlukile kwiihomoni ezilawula ukufikisa. Ngoko ke, nokuba umntwana wakho udlula kwi-adrenarche, usenokungaqali ukufikisa ngexesha elilindelekileyo.

Yintoni ebangela ukuba umntwana afikelele kwinqanaba eliphantsi?

Amaxesha amaninzi, isizathu esiphambili sokufikisa okulibazisekayo yimfuza. Oko kukuthi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yinto abanye abantwana kusapho abaye baba nayo. Abanye abantwana bafumana umyalezo ngemfuza zabo wokuba ukufikisa kuza kuqala kamva. Akukho nto imbi ngamalungu omntwana, amadlala, okanye iihomoni. Yonke into isebenza kakuhle. Ngamafutshane, umzimba womntwana wakho usebenza nje ngeshedyuli eyahlukileyo kuneyabanye abantwana.

Oogqirha bakubiza oku ngokuthi `(Ukulibaziseka kokukhula kunye nokufikisa ngokomgaqo-siseko)` okanye `(CDGP)`. Abanye oogqirha bakubiza nangokuthi `(ukufikisa okulibazisekayo ngokwakho)`. Oku kungenxa yokuba, nokuba akukho nyango, ukufikisa kwenzeka ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo kwaye kuqhubeka ngokwesiqhelo. Khawucinge nje, ukuba utata okanye umalume wosapho ukhule kade kancinci, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba nomntwana naye enze okufanayo.

Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezinye iimeko emzimbeni womntwana zinokuchaphazela ukuqala nokuqhubela phambili kokufikisa. Ukulibaziseka okubangelwa zezi zizathu kudla ngokufuna unyango.

Ezinye izizathu zokufikisa okulibazisekileyo

Ngaphandle kwemfuza, kunokubakho ezinye izizathu ezininzi. Jonga olu luhlu:

• Isifo sika-Addison
• Isifo sezintso esingapheliyo
• Icystic fibrosis
• Izifo zemfuza, ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwe-chromosome ezifana ne-Turner syndrome kunye ne-Klinefelter syndrome.
• Ukuzilolonga ngokugqithisileyo. Oku kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni kakhulu amafutha emzimbeni kwaye kuphazamise ukusebenza kakuhle kwamahomoni. (Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubantwana abancinci abadlala imidlalo yokhuphiswano.)
• Ukungabikho kwehomoni yokukhula
• I-Hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi kakuhle)
• Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD)
• Ukungondleki kakuhle kunokwenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunokuphenjelelwa zizinto ezifana neengxaki zokutya.
• Amayeza athile okanye unyango, olufana ne-corticosteroids, i-chemotherapy, okanye unyango lwe-radiation.
• Iingozi okanye umonakalo kwingqondo yomntwana okanye kwiigonads (amaqanda okanye amasende).
• Iithumba ezichaphazela ingqondo okanye umqolo womntwana.
• Uhlobo lokuQala lweswekile.

Usenokuzibuza ukuba ezi zinto zahlukeneyo zichaphazela njani ukufikisa. Impendulo ikwii-hormones.

Indima yamahomoni ekufikiseni okulibazisekileyo

Iihormone zifana nezithunywa ezifihlakeleyo zemizimba yethu. Zizo ezisebenza ngasemva kweziganeko ukuqalisa nokugcina ukufikisa. Ezi hormone ziveliswa ziindlala ze-endocrine. Umntwana wakho unokubona utshintsho emzimbeni wakhe, njengokukhula kwamabele okanye ukukhula kweenwele phantsi kweengalo zakhe. Kodwa kukho izinto ezithile ongaziboniyo:

1. I-hormone ekhupha i-Gonadotropin (GnRH) iveliswa kwaye ikhutshwe kwinxalenye yengqondo yomntwana wakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypothalamus.

2. Le hormone `(GnRH)` ixelela i-pituitary gland engqondweni yomntwana ukuba ivelise kwaye ikhuphe i-luteinizing hormone `(LH)` kunye ne-follicle-stimulating hormone `(FSH)`. Xa zidibene, ezi zimbini zibizwa ngokuba yi-gonadotropins `(gonadotropins).`

3. Ezi hormone ze-gonadotropin zezona zixelela ii-gonads zomntwana (amaqanda kumantombazana kunye nama-testes kumakhwenkwe) ukuba zikhuphe ii-hormone zesondo (i-estrogen okanye i-testosterone).

4. Kukukhululwa kwezi homoni zesini okubangela iimpawu zomzimba zokufikisa, ezinje ngophuhliso lwamabele kunye nophuhliso lwamasende.

Oku kufana neqela elikhulu elisebenza kunye, akunjalo? Ukuba kukho into eyenzekayo kwelinye ilungu leqela, ichaphazela lonke iqela. Oogqirha basebenzisa amagama anje ukuchaza okwenzekayo ngasemva kweziganeko:

• I-hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: Oku kuthetha ukuba i-hypothalamus okanye i-pituitary gland yomntwana ayisebenzi kakuhle. Ayivelisi okanye ayikhuphi iihomoni ezaneleyo. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa yimeko yempilo. Nje ukuba oogqirha bayinyange le meko, ukufikisa kuya kuqala ukwenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukuzilolonga kakhulu kunye nokungondleki kakuhle nazo zizinto eziqhelekileyo.
• I-Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism: Oku kwenzeka xa i-hypothalamus yomntwana kunye ne-pituitary gland zisebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ii-gonads zabo (amasende okanye ama-ovari) azisebenzi kakuhle. Oku kwenzeka kubantwana abane-Turner syndrome kunye ne-Klinefelter syndrome. Le meko inokwenzeka njengesiphumo esingesihle sonyango lomhlaza okanye ngezinye izizathu.

Nangona la mazwi esenokubonakala eyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, ngamazwi alula, oku kuthetha ukuba ingxaki ikwindawo ekuyo inkqubo yokulawula iihomoni.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?

Oogqirha benza oku kulandelayo ukuze baxilonge ukuba umntwana ufikisa emva kokufikisa okulibazisekileyo:

• Ukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba.
• Siza kuthetha nawe ngembali yezonyango yomntwana wakho kunye nembali yezonyango yosapho (abazali bemvelo).
• Kuyenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo.

Into enye oogqirha abaya kuyijonga kakhulu kukuba ngaba kukho imbali yosapho lwakhe yokufikisa okulibazisekayo. Ukuba kunjalo, umntwana wakho usenokuba "usekhulile kakhulu," oko kuthetha ukuba kusenokungabikho sizathu sezonyango esibangela ukulibaziseka.

Nangona kunjalo, nokuba oogqirha bacinga ukuba kuyenzeka kusapho, badla ngokwenza uvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zizathu zimbi. Oku kungenxa yokuba oogqirha babiza "Ukulibaziseka kokukhula kunye nokufikisa (CDGP)" ngokuthi "ukuxilongwa kokukhutshelwa ngaphandle." Oko kukuthi, bagqiba kwelokuba "(CDGP)" kuphela emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke ezinye izizathu azikhutshelwa ngaphandle.

Olu vavanyo lubaluleke kakhulu nakwiimeko apho kungekho mbali yosapho naxa oogqirha bezama ukufumana unobangela.

Uvavanyo lokufumanisa ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo

Ungenza uvavanyo olunje:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga amanqanaba eehomoni uze ubone ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu zeemeko ezithile zempilo.
• Uvavanyo lwemfuza: Jonga utshintsho lwemfuza olunokubangela ukuba umntwana afikise ixesha elide.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Izinto ezifana ne-MRI scan okanye i-ultrasound scan zenziwa ukuqinisekisa okanye ukuthintela iimeko ezithile.

Ugqirha wezingane wosapho lwakho unokukuthumela kwi-endocrinologist yabantwana okanye kwezinye iingcali ukuze akuncede ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni le meko.

Iphathwa njani i-“libazisekile” yokufikisa?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokulibaziseka. Iqela lezonyango lomntwana wakho linokucebisa oku kulandelayo:

• Indlela "yokulinda ubone": Oku kudla ngokulandelwa ngabantwana abancinci abangenazo iingxaki zempilo okanye esinye isizathu esaziwayo sokulibaziseka. Oogqirha baya kubona ukuba ukufikisa kunokuqala ngokwendalo na. Ukuba kunjalo, umntwana wakho usenokungadingi naluphi na unyango, kwaye ukufikisa kuya kwenzeka njengoko kulindelekile.
• Ukunyanga iimeko zempilo: Ukuba ukulibaziseka kubangelwa yimeko ethile, oogqirha baya kuyinyanga loo meko. Oku kuya kunceda ukuqala nokufikisa kwaye kuqhubeke njengoko kulindelekile.
• Unyango lokutshintsha iihomoni:Ukuba umzimba womntwana awuvelisi iihomoni ezaneleyo (i-testosterone okanye i-estrogen) ukuze afikelele ebusheni, unokufuna amayeza okubonelela ngeehomoni. Iqela lezonyango liza kukuchazela ukuba unyango lweehomoni lufuneka ixesha elingakanani ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile zomntwana wakho.

Abantwana "abakhula kade" ngaphandle kwesizathu sezonyango abadingi unyango lweehomoni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukulibaziseka ekukhuleni kubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu emntwaneni, kunokuba lukhetho. Abanye abantwana abancinci bakufumanisa kunzima ukulinda de kufike ekukhuleni, kwaye oku kulibaziseka kunokubangela iingxaki zentlalo kwaye kuchaphazele ukuzithemba kwabo. Ukuba ukhathazekile kukuba oku kwenzeka kumntwana wakho, thetha neqela lakho lezonyango malunga noko.

Ndifanele ndifune nini ingcebiso kagqirha kumntwana wam?

Yisa umntwana wakho rhoqo ukuze ahlolwe impilo yakhe, kwaye wabelane naye ngayo nayiphi na inkxalabo onayo nogqirha wezingane. Baza kujonga ukukhula nophuhliso lomntwana wakho kwaye banokukubuza imibuzo malunga nembali yosapho lwakho. Ugqirha wezingane uza kuchaza ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo kunye nolandelelwano olufunekayo ukuba umntwana wakho akakaqali ukufikisa njengoko kulindelekile.

Nyamekela impilo yengqondo yomntwana wakho.

Ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yengqondo yomntwana wakho omncinci – kodwa kukwalixesha apho sele ejongene neemvakalelo ezininzi kunye notshintsho. Kungaba ngumbono olungileyo ukulungiselela ukuba umntwana wakho athethe nogqirha wengqondo. Ingcebiso ingamnceda umntwana wakho athethe ngeemvakalelo zakhe malunga nokufikisa kunye nezinye izinto azicingayo aze asebenzele kuzo. Banokucinga, "Bonke abahlobo bam bakhulile kwaye ndim ndedwa osemncinci." Bafuna inkxaso ngamaxesha anje.

Yeyiphi imibuzo endifanele ndiyibuze oogqirha bomntwana wam?

Ukufikisa yinto eyahlukileyo kumntwana ngamnye, nokuba kufika "ngexesha" okanye emva kwexesha elilindelweyo. Ugqirha wakho wezifo zabantwana kunye nazo naziphi na iingcali ezibonelela ngonyango zinokubelana ngolwazi oluthile kumntwana wakho. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuzibuza ukuqala incoko:

• Ndingazi njani ukuba umntwana wam uqalile ukufikisa?
• Ndingazi njani ukuba ukufikisa akuqhubeki njengoko bekulindelwe?
• Ngaba umntwana wam ufikise ixesha elide? Ukuba kunjalo, zithini iimpawu zakhe?
• Ngaba umntwana wam udinga naluphi na uvavanyo?
• Ngaba ucebisa naluphi na unyango?
• Ndingamxhasa njani umntwana wam ngcono?

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba umntwana wam ufikelele kwinqanaba lokufikisa emva kwexesha?

Iqela lezonyango lomntwana wakho liza kukuxelela into omawuyilindele, ngokusekelwe kwisizathu sokulibaziseka kokufikisa kunye naluphi na unyango olufunyanwa ngumntwana wakho. Kunzima ukutsho ngqo ukuba ukufikisa kuza kuqala nini. Abantwana abancinci abane-"Constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP)" badla ngokuqala ukufikisa xa beneminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, umntwana wakho usenokuqala kwangethuba kakhulu. Amava omntwana ngamnye ahlukile.

Khumbula nje, ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo yinto yexeshana kwaye inokunyangeka ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ngaba ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo kwandisa ubude?

Kunzima ukutsho ngqo ukuba ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo kuya kuyichaphazela njani ubude bomntwana wakho xa ekhulile. Abanye abantwana abancinci bafikelela kubude obufutshane bomntu omdala kunokuba bekulindelwe ngokusekelwe kubude babazali babo bemvelo. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantwana abancinci, ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo akubonakali kuyichaphazela ubude babo bomntu omdala.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha benza uvavanyo "lobudala bamathambo" (i-X-ray) ukuze bafumane umbono wobude bomntwana njengomntu omdala. Ugqirha wakho wezingane unokukuxelela okungakumbi ngolu vavanyo kunye noko lukubonisayo.

Ngaba ukusebenzisa i-melatonin kuyalibazisa ukufikisa?

I-Melatonin isenokulibazisa ukufikisa, kodwa kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekileyo. Abaphandi basafunda ngemiphumo emibi yonyango lwe-melatonin ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala abancinci. Thetha nogqirha wezingane malunga neengenelo kunye neengxaki zokunika umntwana wakho i-melatonin.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo kunokuba yingxaki kuwe nakumntwana wakho. Usenokuba ukhathazekile ngomntwana wakho, okanye uzibuze ukuba kutheni ukukhula kwakhe kulibazisekile. Khumbula, wonke umntwana usendleleni yakhe. Umntwana wakho unokufikelela ekufikiseni xa umzimba wakhe ulungele. Okanye, umzimba wakhe unokufuna uncedo oluncinci ukuze afikelele apho. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho wezingane unokukunceda ufumane okwenzekayo aze akucebise eyona ndlela ilungileyo.

Ngeli xesha, umntwana wakho usenokuba nezinto ezininzi azixhalabileyo – ukusuka ekwamkeleni oontanga ukuya ekuziveni eqinisekile ngenkangeleko yakhe. Buza ugqirha wezingane ukuba ungamxhasa njani ngcono iimfuno zomntwana wakho ngokweemvakalelo. Kwakhona, gcina ithuba livulekile ukuze umntwana wakho athethe nawe nanini na xa eziva edakumbile okanye ekhathazekile. Nokuba ukumbamba kancinci okanye ukubhala inqaku elithi "Ndiyazingca ngawe" kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ngeli xesha.

Ukufikisa okuLibazisekileyo , iiHormones, Impilo yoMntwana, Ukufikisa, Ukukhula, Uphuhliso lwezesondo